Statistical optimization of bacteriocin produced from Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus isolated from yoghurt

The Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) was isolated from yoghurt and identified as Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus by biochemical methods and by 16s rDNA sequencing. The bacteria was screened for bacteriocin production by Agar well diffusion assay against four test organisms: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus aureus, it was found to inhibit the growth of three test organisms except Klebsiella pneumoniae. The production of bacteriocin was optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on the results obtained from single factor method. The optimized parameters were statistically validated using the software MATLAB version 7.5.0.342 (R 2007b) from Math lab works Inc. and assumed that Starch (3), Casein (3), FeSO4 (0.3) and Tween 20 (0.24) w/v supplemented to MRS media were optimum. Bacteriocin concentration before and after optimization was estimated by Lowry's method and was found to be 178.8μg/ ml and 310μg/ml respectively. © All Rights Reserved

Media Comparison for Enumeration of Actinobacteria and their Catabolic Diversity in the Crop Rhizosphere of Arid, Semi-Arid and Humid Regions (AER 3 and AER 6) of India

Not AvailableRhizosphere soils of sorghum, pearl millet, pigeon pea, finger millet and groundnut from sub-tropical arid and semi-arid regions (Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan) and from humid pristine forest soils of Karnataka were used to enumerate actinobacterial populations and their catabolic diversity. The pH of the soils ranged from 5.7 to 9.1 and organic carbon content from 0.075 to 4.3%. Of five different cultural media used, Humic acid vitamin agar was found to be superior for enumeration of Actinobacteria. Forty one (41) Actinobacterial isolates were characterised for morphological and biochemical attributes and tentatively assigned to four genera - Streptomyces (26 no.), Nocardia (12), Micromonospora (1) and Saccharopolyspora (2). The catabolic diversity of Actinobacterial isolates (21 carbon compounds) showed that Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H) was high (3.54). Dendrogram of Actinobacterial isolates showed some degree of catabolic relatedness among arid and semi-arid zone isolates. All the isolates had 18% similarity. At 66% level of similarity there were 18 clusters and this diversity in carbon utilization was much more in the alkaline arid and semi-arid soils (2.81) than in the acidic humid soils (1.94). The species evenness in humid zone isolates (1.00) was slightly higher to that of arid and semi-arid zone (0.993) isolates. The results show that arid and semi-arid regions represent extremely rich reservoir for the isolation of a significant diversity of Actinobacteria and that Humic acid- Vitamin agar is best for recovering greater numbers and diversity.Not Availabl

Symptomatic “H” Type Duplex Gallbladder

A case of ductular type duplex gallbladder is presented that was diagnosed by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and managed by laparoscopy

Actinobacteria of Arid and Semi-arid Soils: Antagonism to Fungal Pathogens and Plant Growth Promoting Potential

Biological control of plant pathogens is assuming increasing importance in organic and low input sustainable agriculture. Forty one Actinobacterial strains isolated from the arid, semi arid and humid regions of Rajasthan, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh in India were tested for their antagonism to four plant pathogenic fungi viz., Macrophomina phaseolina, Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum. The Streptomyces strains from humid regions were more effective in inhibiting mycelial growth of Macrophomina phaseolina (62.8%). Arid and semi arid region strains (40.8 and 40.6%) were almost similar in inhibiting mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii compared to humid region strains. Semi arid region strains (24.2%) were more effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani followed by arid and humid region strains. However only the arid region strains (44.5%) showed inhibition towards Fusarium oxysporum. The strains with best antogonistic ability (10 no.s) also exhibited other plant growth promoting traits like production of Indole acetic acid (1.9 - 5.7 mg ml-1) and Gibberellic acid (24.1-41.4 mg ml-1). All the strains except Streptomyces A30 could solubilize P from inorganic tri-calcium phosphate. The amount of P solubilization ranged from 3.2 - 6.8%. All the strains except Streptomyces A40 produced alkaline phosphatase which ranged from 60.0-160.9 µg p-nitrophenol/ml /h. Some strains produced ammonia whereas none of the strains produced HCN, siderophore or exhibited chitinase activity. In a glass house evaluation in soil microcosms, among the ten strains Streptomyces A6 was found best for promoting maize and Streptomyces A17 for chickpea growth

Wide Band Microstrip Phased Array for Mobile Satellite Communications

A low profile, dual frequency, microstrip phased array has been designed and developed for INMARSAT (International Maritime Satellite organization) land mobile satellite communications. The purpose of the array was to provide a wide band coverage, right-hand circular polarization with a high gain and minimum sidelobe levels in the principal planes. The developed array has a measured frequency bandwidth of 10% with a VSWR of 1.5, a minimum gain of 12 dBic, a gain to noise temperature ratio of -8.98 dB/K, sidelobe levels 13 dB below the beam peak in both the principal planes. The size of the array was 47 cm in diameter and 1.3 cm thick including a flush mounted light weight radome with the elements and the feed lines on the same layer

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National conference on Enhancing Productivity of Oilseeds in Changing Climate Scenario at ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research (DGR), Junagadh.Not AvailableNot Availabl

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Catestatin Gly364Ser Variant Alters Systemic Blood Pressure and the Risk for Hypertension in Human Populations via Endothelial Nitric Oxide Pathway

International audienc