Outcomes by sex and randomised group at 3 months.

a<p>1 UK unit  = 8 grams ethanol.</p>b<p>Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Scores range from 0 to 40, where score of 8 or more indicates alcohol misuse <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112553#pone.0112553-Babor1" target="_blank">[41]</a>.</p>c<p>Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test – Consumption. Scores range from 0 to 12, where score of 5 or more indicates alcohol misuse <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112553#pone.0112553-Bush1" target="_blank">[36]</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112553#pone.0112553-British1" target="_blank">[37]</a>.</p>d<p>EQ-5D utility measure of quality of life <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112553#pone.0112553-EuroQol1" target="_blank">[42]</a>.</p><p>Outcomes by sex and randomised group at 3 months.</p

Costs related to number of days of sickness absence and number and duration of hospital admissions in the past three months.

<p>Costs related to number of days of sickness absence and number and duration of hospital admissions in the past three months.</p

Demographics and health behaviours at baseline.

a<p>IQR  =  Interquartile range.</p>b<p>Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test – Consumption. Scores range from 0 to 12, where score of 5 or more indicates alcohol misuse <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112553#pone.0112553-Bush1" target="_blank">[36]</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0112553#pone.0112553-British1" target="_blank">[37]</a>.</p><p>Demographics and health behaviours at baseline.</p

Consort diagram.

<p>Consort diagram.</p

Data_Sheet_1_Development and psychometric testing of a pediatric chronic graft-versus-host disease symptom scale: protocol for a two-phase, mixed methods study.docx

BackgroundChronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a debilitating late complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. It is often accompanied by extensive symptom burden. No validated cGVHD patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure exists to evaluate cGVHD symptom bother in children and adolescents younger than 18 years. This paper presents the study protocol for a multi-center, two-phase protocol to develop a psychometrically valid pediatric cGVHD Symptom Scale (PCSS) and a companion caregiver-proxy measure to capture the symptom burden experienced by children with cGVHD. In the first phase of the study, our aim is to evaluate the comprehension, clarity and ease of response of the PCSS through cognitive interviewing and to iteratively refine the measure to optimize content validity. In the second phase of the study, we will quantitatively examine the measurement properties of the PCSS in children and their caregiver-proxies.Methods and analysisEligible participants are children/adolescents ages 5–17 with cGVHD who are receiving systemic immunosuppressive treatment or have recently tapered to discontinuation. In the first phase, we are enrolling 60 child and caregiver-proxy dyads in three child age strata (5–7, 8–12, and 13–17 years old). Semi-scripted cognitive debriefing interviews are conducted to assess comprehension, clarity, and ease of response of each PCSS item with the child alone, and then jointly with the caregiver-proxy to explore discordant ratings. In phase two, an age-stratified cohort of 120 child-caregiver dyads will be enrolled to evaluate test–retest reliability, construct validity, and responsiveness. Anchors for known-groups validity include the PedsQL module and clinical variables, including cGVHD clinician-rated severity scores. In participants ages 13–17, we will also compare responses on the PCSS with those from the Lee cGVHD Symptom Scale, to gauge the youngest age at which adolescent respondents can comprehend this adult measure.DiscussionThis study will yield a well-validated, counterpart measure to the Lee cGVHD Symptom Scale for use in children with cGVHD and their caregiver-proxies. This new patient-reported outcome measure can be integrated into clinical trials and care delivery for pediatric transplant survivors to improve the precision and accuracy with which their cGVHD symptom experience is captured.Clinical trial registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04044365.</p

Presumed population parameters.

<p>Presumed population parameters.</p

Presumed population parameters.

<p>Presumed population parameters.</p

Flow diagram of algorithm using PlGF concentrations.

<p>Numbers shown in boxes relate to the numbers of women (from population of 1000 pregnant women) in the adjacent box.</p

Sensitivity analyses using the Monte Carlo Simulation model and 1,000 simulations.

<p>Sensitivity analyses using the Monte Carlo Simulation model and 1,000 simulations.</p

Liikunnan positiiviset vaikutukset alle kouluikäisen lapsen kehitykseen : Terveysnetti

Liikunnalla on positiivisia vaikutuksia lapsen kaikkiin kehityksen osa-alueisiin. Liikkumisesta ja liikunnan harrastamisesta on hyötyä sekä lapsen fyysiselle että psyykkiselle kehitykselle. Liikunta toimii oivana tukijana lapsen motoristen, kognitiivisten ja sosiaalisten taitojen oppimisessa. Liikunnan kautta lapsi oppii tuntemaan niin itseään kuin ympäröivää maailmaakin. Vanhemmilla on merkittävä rooli lasten liikkumisessa. Vanhemmat näyttävät omalla käytöksellään mallia lapsille liikunnallisesta elämäntavasta. Heistä on myös kiinni lapsen päivittäisen ulkoilun ja liikkumisen määrä. Liikunnallisen elämäntavan omaksuminen jo lapsuudessa on tärkeä asia myös yksilön tulevaisuuden kannalta. Liikkuvasta lapsesta tulee todennäköisemmin myös liikkuva aikuinen. Opinnäytetyö toteutettiin projektina yhteistyössä Salon seudun terveyskeskuksen kanssa. Aineisto opinnäytetyöhön saatiin alan tutkimuksista ja tieteellisistä julkaisuista. Opinnäytetyön tehtävänä oli tuottaa verkkosivut Turun ammattikorkeakoulun Terveysnettiin liikunnan positiivisista vaikutuksista alle kouluikäisen lapsen kehitykseen. Tavoitteena on lisätä vanhempien tietoisuutta liikunnan hyvistä vaikutuksista lapsuudessa. Opinnäytetyöstä saatua tietoa voidaan hyödyntää liikunnanedistämistyössä. Projektin tuloksena syntyneet verkkosivut ovat nykyaikainen, yksinkertainen ja helppo tapa jakaa tietoa liikunnasta, jota perheet, terveydenhoitajat ja päiväkodit voivat hyödyntää omassa toiminnassaan.Exercise has positive effects on every area in child’s development. Physical activity is useful for both physical and psychological development. A child also needs exercise for learning motor, cognitive and social skills. Through physical activity a child can learn to know himself/herself and the world around. Parents have an important role in children’s exercise. Parents show their children an example how to live in a healthy and physically active way. It is also up to them how much a child is able to be outdoors and physically active daily. Learning to be physically active in the childhood is important thing for individual’s future too. Physically active child is likely to become a physically active adult. The project was made in co-operation with health care center of Salo area. The material for the thesis was collected from suitable researches and scientific publications. Purpose of the project was to produce Internet-sites about children’s physical activity to Terveysnetti, which is a website maintained by Turku University of Applied Sciences. The goal of the project was to increase parents’ knowledge about positive effects of exercise to children. The information is aimed especially to parents with children under school age and to different kind of professional groups which work with children, such as health care nurses and day care workers. Knowledge achieved from the project can be used in exercise promotion work. The results of the project, pages in the Internet, are modern, simple and easy way to share information about physical activity