Periodontal disease's contribution to Alzheimer's disease progression in Down syndrome

Altres ajuts: This study was supported by National institutes of Health (NIH)/National Institute on Aging grants AG035137, AG032554, AG12101, AG022374, and AG13616, NIH DE023139-02, Alzheimer's Association NIRG-12-173937, and NIH/NCATS UL1 TR000038. Conflict of interest: No conflict of interest is reported for A.R.K., M.J., P.C., R.G.C., D.S., K.R.C.A., M.R., A.M., J.O.F., S.V., M.C.-I., and B.B. M.J. de Leon has a patent on an image analysis technology that was licensed to Abiant Imaging, Inc., by NYU, and has a financial interest in this license agreement, and NYU holds stock options on the company. M. de Leon has received compensation for consulting services from Abiant Imaging. Dr L. Glodzic was a principal investigator on an Investigator-Initiated project funded by Forest Laboratories and received an honorarium for serving as a consultant to Roche Pharma. Contributors: A.R.K., M.J.de.L., and J.F. wrote the manuscript. All the other authors reviewed the manuscript and contributed with the scientific literature, concepts, and modeling. All authors reviewed the manuscript for intellectual content and approved the final draft.People with Down syndrome (DS) are at an increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). After 60 years of age, >50% of DS subjects acquire dementia. Nevertheless, the age of onset is highly variable possibly because of both genetic and environmental factors. Genetics cannot be modified, but environmental risk factors present a potentially relevant intervention for DS persons at risk for AD. Among them, inflammation, important in AD of DS type, is potential target. Consistent with this hypothesis, chronic peripheral inflammation and infections may contribute to AD pathogenesis in DS. People with DS have an aggressive form of periodontitis characterized by rapid progression, significant bacterial and inflammatory burden, and an onset as early as 6 years of age. This review offers a hypothetical mechanistic link between periodontitis and AD in the DS population. Because periodontitis is a treatable condition, it may be a readily modifiable risk factor for AD

Differential pain response at local and remote muscle sites following aerobic cycling exercise at mild and moderate intensity

Physical exercise has been shown to inhibit experimental pain response in the post-exercise period. Modulation of the pain system may be differentiated between muscle sites engaging in contractile activity. The purpose of this study was to assess the pain response at remote and local muscle sites following aerobic exercise at different work intensities. Participants included 10 healthy and physically active males (mean age ± SD, 21.2 ± 3.4). Somatic pressure pain threshold (PPT) at the rectus femoris (local) and brachioradialis (remote) muscle site was measured at before (Pre), 5 min after (Post1), and 15 min after (Post2) aerobic cycling exercise at 70 and 30 % of peak oxygen uptake (VO(2peak)) performed on different occasions in a counterbalanced order, separated by minimum of 3 days interval. Repeated measures ANOVA for PPT reveals significant main effect for time (f = 3.581, p = 0.049, observed power = 0.588) and muscle site (f = 17.931, p = 0.002, observed power = 0.963). There was a significant interaction shown for exercise intensity by time (f = 11.390, p = 0.012, observed power = 0.790). PPT at rectus femoris following cycling exercise at 70 % of VO(2peak) reveals a significant increase between Pre-Post1 (p = 0.040). PPT for rectus femoris following cycling exercise at 30 % of VO(2peak) revealed a significant decrease between Pre-Post1 (p = 0.026) and Pre-Post2 (p = 0.008). The PPT for brachioradialis following cycling exercise at 30 % of VO(2peak) revealed a significant decrease between Pre-Post1 (p = 0.011) and Pre-Post2 (p = 0.005). These results show that aerobic exercise increases PPT locally at the exercise muscle site following exercise at 70 % of VO(2peak) but reduces PPT following exercise at 30 % of VO(2peak)

The results of measurement of electrical conductivity of milk

В работе представлено результаты долгосрочных исследований удельной электрической проводимости (γ) молока проведённых в Чехословакии в 1975-1984 гг. Они показали, что существует тесная зависимость между величиной коэффициента (γ) и состоянием здоровья кoров, а также влиянием на них других наружных факторов как условия на ферме, минеральный состав почвы, кормовые или климатические условия. Измерение и оценка коэффициента (γ) позволяет выявить, которые коровы отличаются от нормы, а также на раннее определение причин существующих аномалий. Это позволяет на быстрое проведение необходимых изменений на ферме так в смысле пересчёта больных коров или их элиминации, как и с целью исключения других негативных факторов.The paper presents the results of long-term examinations of electrical conductivity γ of milk executed in Czechoslovakia in years 1975 - 1984. They prove that there is strong interdependence between the value of coefficient γ and health of cows and the influence of other outer conditions (feeding, climate, kind of ground etc). The measurments and the evaluation of coefficient γ let us to point the cows not meeting the requirements and early discovering of reasons of anomalies. It allows for quick rearranging farms, both as the treatment of ill and their elimination are concerned

New apparatuses for observation of changes in milk

В работе представлено результаты многолетних исследований методов регистрации изменений электрических свойств молока, что между прочим связано с физиологическим состоянием коров. На этой основе был разработан автором и запатентован проект Установки для наблюдений за изменениями проводимости молока, которая в нескольких исполнениях (стационарном, переносном) была введена на рынок в Чехословакии.The author presents his own long-term research on methods of measuring of changing electrical properties in milk, which have the relations with physiological state of cows. On the grounds of the research the author designed the apparatus for measurment of changes of electrical conductivity in milk, which in a few versions (portable, immovable) have been introduced in marketing in Czechoslovakia

Istotne charakterystyki soku z lucerny

Рабога содержит результаты измерений величины коэффициента преломления - n, коэффициента экстинкции - Е, проводимости - γ во время коагуляции и фильтрации сока из люцерны. Эти 3 параметра сильно зависели от концентрации сухой массы в соку во время отделения белка. Параметры Е и n могут применяться обменно для определения процентной концентрации сухой массы, что является более быстрым и простым исследованием, а также увеличивает точность определения. Возможность точного измерения гамма-проводимости позволяет исследовать изменения в пробах из очередных сборов, после сбора, а также зависимость от степени спелости и других факторов, влияющих на химический состав сока.Praca zawiera wyniki pomiarów wartości współczynnika załamania - n, współczynnika ekstynkcji - E i przewodnictwa γ podczas koagulacji i filtracji soku z lucerny. Te trzy parametry były silnie zależne od koncentracji suchej masy w soku podczas oddzielania białka. Parametry E i n mogą być stosowane zamiennie do określania stężenia procentowego suchej masy, co jest badaniem szybszym i prostszym, a także zwiększa dokładność określania. Możliwość dokładnego pomiaru przewodnictwa - γ pozwala badać zmiany w próbkach pochodzących z kolejnych zbiorów, po zbiorze, a także zależność od stopnia dojrzałości i innych czynników wpływających na skład chemiczny soku