3,499 research outputs found
Kinetics and thermochemistry of polyatomic free radicals: New results and new understandings
An experimental facility for the study of the chemical kinetics of polyatomic free radicals is described which consists of a heatable tubular reactor coupled to a photoionization mass spectrometer. Its use in different kinds of chemical kinetic studies is also discussed. Examples presented include studies of the C2H3 + O2, C2H3 + HC1, CH3 + O, and CH3 + CH3 reactions. The heat of formation of C2H3 was obtained from the results of the study of the C2H3 + HC1 reaction
Mental Health Training to Improve Communication with Children and Adolescents: A Process Evaluation
Aims and objective:
To characterise the intervention components, mechanisms of change and barriers to implementation of an intervention to improve communication behaviour of hospital staff surrounding mental health with children and adolescents.
Background:
Healthcare professionals consistently report a lack of confidence and knowledge to care for young people experiencing mental health difficulties. We Can Talk is a one‐day training, delivered to hospital staff, which provides tools to improve their communication with children and adolescents about mental health. Initial evaluation suggests the training improved confidence and skills regarding communication; however, the effective intervention components and mechanisms of change are not yet understood.
Design:
A process evaluation was conducted using a qualitative research design.
Methods:
Document analysis of the training manual, using the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy, characterised intervention components. Ten interviews with paediatric staff from an east London hospital were conducted post‐intervention. Using the Theoretical Domains Framework, the mechanisms of change and remaining barriers to communication were coded thematically. COREQ checklist was used in the reporting of the study.
Results:
Twenty behaviour change techniques were identified. Communication about mental health was mainly facilitated through improving the knowledge, cognitive and interpersonal skills, and beliefs about capabilities of healthcare professionals. A small number of staff continued to experience barriers to communication including a lack of opportunity for communication, beliefs that their professional role is not suited to supporting mental health and nervousness. Behaviour change techniques are highlighted to address remaining barriers reported post‐intervention.
Conclusions:
Using validated and systematic behaviour change tools, this process evaluation contributes to the translation of evidence to clinical practice for more effective, sustainable and transparent mental health care, reducing the research‐practice gap in this area.
Relevance to clinical practice:
These findings can facilitate implementation of evidence‐based practice and inform interventions, improving clinical practice and outcomes for children and adolescents
Coexistence of Coulomb blockade and zero bias anomaly in a strongly coupled quantum dot
The current-voltage characteristics through a metallic quantum dot which is
well coupled to a metallic lead are measured. It is shown that the I-V curves
are composed of two contributions. One is a suppression of the tunneling
conductivity at the Fermi level and the second is an oscillating feature which
shifts with gate voltage. The results indicate that Zero-Bias-Anomaly and
Coulomb Blockade phenomena coexist in an asymmetric strongly coupled quantum
dot.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Exact dynamical AdS black holes and wormholes with a Klein-Gordon field
We present several classes of exact solutions in the Einstein-Klein-Gordon
system with a cosmological constant. The spacetime has spherical, plane, or
hyperbolic symmetry and the higher-dimensional solutions are obtained in a
closed form only in the plane symmetric case. Among them, the class-I solution
represents an asymptotically locally anti-de Sitter (AdS) dynamical black hole
or wormhole. In four and higher dimensions, the generalized Misner-Sharp
quasi-local mass blows up at AdS infinity, inferring that the spacetime is only
locally AdS. In three dimensions, the scalar field becomes trivial and the
solution reduces to the BTZ black hole.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables; v2, results strengthened, argument on
trapping horizon corrected; v3, argument on locally AdS property added,
accepted for publication in Physical Review
Uncertainty in educational and career aspirations: Gender differences in young people
Drawing upon data from 2 British age cohorts born in 1970 and 1990, this chapter examines gender and socio-historical differences regarding uncertainty in the educational and career aspirations of young people. Despite differences in the age of assessment and measurement, findings suggest that similar background characteristics are associated with uncertain aspirations in the 2 age cohorts. Males were more uncertain of their educational aspirations than were females. Uncertainty was also associated with growing up in a relatively disadvantaged family, with parents who do did not expect their children to continue in education, as well as with low academic attainment, low levels of school motivation and lack of belief in one’s own ability. However, findings indicated differences in the associated outcomes of uncertain aspirations between the 2 age cohorts. In the earlier born cohort, young people with uncertain aspirations were more likely to be not in education, employment or training (NEET), while there were no differences in NEET due to uncertain aspirations in the later born cohort. The findings point towards a female advantage regarding certainty in aspirations as well as a prolonged period of career exploration in the later born cohort
Generalized Bayesian Record Linkage and Regression with Exact Error Propagation
Record linkage (de-duplication or entity resolution) is the process of
merging noisy databases to remove duplicate entities. While record linkage
removes duplicate entities from such databases, the downstream task is any
inferential, predictive, or post-linkage task on the linked data. One goal of
the downstream task is obtaining a larger reference data set, allowing one to
perform more accurate statistical analyses. In addition, there is inherent
record linkage uncertainty passed to the downstream task. Motivated by the
above, we propose a generalized Bayesian record linkage method and consider
multiple regression analysis as the downstream task. Records are linked via a
random partition model, which allows for a wide class to be considered. In
addition, we jointly model the record linkage and downstream task, which allows
one to account for the record linkage uncertainty exactly. Moreover, one is
able to generate a feedback propagation mechanism of the information from the
proposed Bayesian record linkage model into the downstream task. This feedback
effect is essential to eliminate potential biases that can jeopardize resulting
downstream task. We apply our methodology to multiple linear regression, and
illustrate empirically that the "feedback effect" is able to improve the
performance of record linkage.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figure
On benzenoid systems with a minimal number of inlets
Inlets are features on the perimeter of a benzenoid system that determine numerous of its electronic and topological properties. A class of large benzenoid systems is constructed, having a small number of inlets. It is shown that the minimal number of inlets in a benzenoid system with h hexagons is less than or equal to 3(h 1) . Copyright ©2013 SCS
GTI-space : the space of generalized topological indices
A new extension of the generalized topological indices (GTI) approach is carried out torepresent 'simple' and 'composite' topological indices (TIs) in an unified way. Thisapproach defines a GTI-space from which both simple and composite TIs represent particular subspaces. Accordingly, simple TIs such as Wiener, Balaban, Zagreb, Harary and Randićconnectivity indices are expressed by means of the same GTI representation introduced for composite TIs such as hyper-Wiener, molecular topological index (MTI), Gutman index andreverse MTI. Using GTI-space approach we easily identify mathematical relations between some composite and simple indices, such as the relationship between hyper-Wiener and Wiener index and the relation between MTI and first Zagreb index. The relation of the GTI space with the sub-structural cluster expansion of property/activity is also analysed and some routes for the applications of this approach to QSPR/QSAR are also given
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