The lasting effects of innovation on firm profitability: panel evidence from a transitional economy

This study is the first to study the lasting effects of innovation on firm profitability in Vietnam. Using a unique panel dataset for the period 2005–2015, our results show that innovators achieve higher profit in comparison with non-innovating firms. The positive effects of innovation on firm profitability are observed not only in the short term but also in the longer term. The benefits of innovation for firm profitability can be seen in higher export probability, better productivity, better access to formal credit, and the ability to secure government support, but only after innovation

A Target Threat Assessment Method for Application in Air Defense Command and Control Systems

Introduction. This paper presents a solution for threat assessment of air targets using the fuzzy logic inference method. The approach is based on the Sugeno fuzzy model, which has multiple inputs representing target trajectory parameters and a single output representing the target threat value. A set of IF–THEN fuzzy inference rules, utilizing the AND operator, is developed to assess the input information.Aim. To develop and test an algorithm model to calculate the threat value of an air target for use in real-time automated command and control systems.Materials and methods. An algorithm model was developed using a fuzzy model to calculate the threat value of a target. The model is presented in the form of a flowchart supported by a detailed stepwise implementation process. The accuracy of the proposed algorithm was evaluated using the available toolkit in MATLAB. Additionally, a BATE software testbed was developed to assess the applicability of the algorithm model in a real-time automated command and control system.Results. The efficiency of the proposed fuzzy model was evaluated by its simulation and testing using MATLAB tools on a set of 10 target trajectories with different parameters. Additionally, the BATE software was utilized to test the model under various air defense scenarios. The proposed fuzzy model was found to be capable of efficiently computing the threat value of each target with respect to the protected object.Conclusion. The proposed fuzzy model can be applied when developing tactical supporting software modules for real-time air defense command and control systems.Introduction. This paper presents a solution for threat assessment of air targets using the fuzzy logic inference method. The approach is based on the Sugeno fuzzy model, which has multiple inputs representing target trajectory parameters and a single output representing the target threat value. A set of IF–THEN fuzzy inference rules, utilizing the AND operator, is developed to assess the input information.Aim. To develop and test an algorithm model to calculate the threat value of an air target for use in real-time automated command and control systems.Materials and methods. An algorithm model was developed using a fuzzy model to calculate the threat value of a target. The model is presented in the form of a flowchart supported by a detailed stepwise implementation process. The accuracy of the proposed algorithm was evaluated using the available toolkit in MATLAB. Additionally, a BATE software testbed was developed to assess the applicability of the algorithm model in a real-time automated command and control system.Results. The efficiency of the proposed fuzzy model was evaluated by its simulation and testing using MATLAB tools on a set of 10 target trajectories with different parameters. Additionally, the BATE software was utilized to test the model under various air defense scenarios. The proposed fuzzy model was found to be capable of efficiently computing the threat value of each target with respect to the protected object.Conclusion. The proposed fuzzy model can be applied when developing tactical supporting software modules for real-time air defense command and control systems

Judd Ofelt Analysis and Optical Properties of Eu3+^{3 + } Doped Tellurite Glasses

In this work, the structural characteristic and photoluminescence properties of Eu$^{3 + }$ doped B$_{2}$O$_{3}$-TeO$_{2}$ -ZnO-Na$_{2}$O glasses were investigated. These glasses were prepared by a melting method in air, combined with thermal annealing at 350$^{\circ}$C, 450$^{\circ}$C and 550$^{\circ}$C for different duration times. The structural analysis results of these glasses revealed the formation of micro-crystals in the annealed host glass. The photoluminescence spectra of Eu$^{3 + }$ doped in these samples were observed. The local vibration mode around Eu$^{3 + }$ ions was investigated by the phonon side-band (PSB) associated with $^{7}\!F_{0}-^{5}D_{2}$ transition of Eu$^{3+}$. Judd-Ofelt parameters were then evaluated based on photoluminescence spectra and the luminescence intensity ratios of $^{5}D_{0} \to ^{7}\!F_{J}$ ($J=2, 4$ and 6) to $^{5}D_{0} \to ^{7}\!F_{1}$ transition were predicted. The obtained results were then used to calculate $\Omega _{2},\;\Omega _{4},\; \Omega _{6}$ parameters based on Judd-Ofelt theory. These $\Omega _{2}$, $\Omega _{4}$, $\Omega _{6}$ parameters allow to derive radiative properties of Eu$^{3 + }$ ions in glass material such as transition probabilities, radiative lifetimes and peak stimulated emission cross-section for the $^{5}D_{0} \to ^{7}\!F_{J}$ transitions

Judd Ofelt Analysis and Optical Properties of Rare Earth Doped Tellurite Glasses

In this work, the structural characteristic and photoluminescence properties were investigated in Eu$^{3 + }$ ions-doped B$_{2}$O$_{3}$-TeO$_{2}$ --ZnO-Na$_{2}$O glasses. These glasses were prepared by the melting method in air, after that thermal annealed 350\rc{}C, 450\rc{}C and 550\rc{}C for different times. The analysis results of structure on these glasses showed the formation of micro-crystals in host glass after thermal annealed process. The photoluminescence spectra of Eu$^{3 + }$ ions in these samples were observed. The local vibration mode around Eu$^{3 + }$ ions was investigated by the phonon side band associated with $^{7}$F$_{0}$- $^{5}$D$_{2}$ transition of Eu$^{3 + }$. Judd-Ofelt parameters have been evaluated from photoluminescence spectra and were to predict the luminescence intensity ratios of $^{5}$D$_{0} \to ^{7}$F$_{J}$ (J=2, 4 and 6) to $^{5}$D$_{0} \to ^{7}$F$_{1}$ transition. The obtained results have been used for calculating $\Omega_{2}$, $\Omega _{4}$, $\Omega _{6}$ parameters by using Judd-Ofelt theory. These $\Omega _{2}$, $\Omega _{4}$, $\Omega _{6}$ parameters allow to derive radiative properties of Eu$^{3 + }$ ions in glass material such as transition probabilities, radiative lifetimes and peak stimulated emission cross-section for the $^{5}$D$_{0} \to ^{7}$F$_{J}$ transitions

Detection of Luminescence Centers in Colloidal Cd0.3_{0.3}Zn0.7_{0.7}S Nanocrystals by Synchronous Luminescence Spectroscopy

With the advantages of selectivity, spectral resolution and reduction of interference on account of light scattering, synchronous luminescence spectroscopy (SLS) is successfully applied to analyze complex mixtures with overlapped emission and/or excitation spectra. In fact, it is difficult to clearly distinguish the contributions of various luminescence centers to low-energy band of semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs). Herein, we report the application of SLS method to detect luminescence centers in colloidal Cdsub0.3/subZnsub0.7/subS NCs. Their conventional luminescence and synchronous luminescence spectra were comparatively investigated. Differently from conventional luminescence spectrum, the emission peaks at 460 and 515 nm were found using SLS method. They are attributed to the emission transitions related to sulfur and zinc/cadmium vacancies. The obtained results are useful to clarify the nature of luminescence centers as well as relaxation mechanism in Cdsubx/subZnsub1-x/subS NCs

Influences of the mole ratio SnO2/NaOH on the growth of SnO2 nanorods

SnO2 nanorods have been successfully prepared by hydrothermal method at low temperature. The mole ratio of SnO2/ NaOH plays important role in the morphology and diameter of SnO2 nanorod. Besides, the possible growth mechanisms of SnO2 nanorods are also discussed. Structural properties and surface morphologies of the SnO2 nanorods were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results show that diameters of the nanorods are around 100 nm to 300 nm with lengths of several micrometers. With the success of preparing SnO2 nanorods, which will improve in the research and preparation of gas sensor based on SnO2 materials. Keywords: SnO2, nanorods, hydrothermal method

One new and two unknown species of free - living marine nematodes from Can Gio mangrove forest, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam

One new and two unknown species of free living marine nematodes belonging to family Oxystominidae are described from Cangio mangrove forest, Hochiminh city of Vietnam. The Oxystomina paraclavicaudata sp. nov. is characterized by the long conico-cylindrical tail with claviform tip, the double parallel spicules and the pre-and postvulval papillae. The species Litinium sp1. can be recognized by labial setae and cephalic setae follow the structure 6 + 6 + 4; amphid pear-shaped with slit-like aperture; spicules have a kink at the middle; gubernaculum short, plate-like; two papilliform supplements with short seta; tail rounded with the pore of caudal glands at the end. And Litinium sp2. is characterized by labial setae small or absent, two subcephalic setae at the posterior edge of the amphid; amphid elongate pocket-like with a fringe around the aperture; only one short somatic setae at the base of pharynx. Reproductive system diorchic with short testes; two supplement setae; only two caudal gland cells observed within the tail, the opening is shifted ventrally

Sub-optimal Deep Pipelined Implementation of MIMO Sphere Detector on FPGA

Sphere detector (SD) is an effective signal detection approach for the wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system since it can achieve near-optimal performance while reducing significant computational complexity. In this work, we proposed a novel SD architecture that is suitable for implementation on the hardware accelerator. We first perform a statistical analysis to examine the distribution of valid paths in the SD search tree. Using the analysis result, we then proposed an enhanced hybrid SD (EHSD) architecture that achieves quasi-ML performance and high throughput with a reasonable cost in hardware. The fine-grained pipeline designs of 4 × 4 and 8 × 8 MIMO system with 16-QAM modulation delivers throughput of 7.04 Gbps and 14.08 Gbps on the Xilinx Virtex Ultrascale+ FPGA, respectively

Genome Sequence of a Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Isolated in 2020 from a Domestic Pig in Northern Vietnam

This study reports the genome sequence of an isolated African swine fever (ASF) virus (VNUA-ASFV-05L1/HaNam) obtained at the fourth passage on pulmonary alveolar macrophages. The virus was isolated during a typical acute ASF outbreak in pigs in a northern province of Vietnam in 2020