5 research outputs found
Epidemiology, risk factors and results of the guideline-compliant therapy of injuries of the lower urinary tract of polytraumatised patients
Einleitung und Hintergrund Verletzungen der unteren Harnwege beim
Polytraumatisierten sind selten und ordnen sich im Mittelfeld der
BehandlungsprioritÀten ein, beeinflussen aber langfristig Funktion und
LebensqualitÀt. Im Vergleich zu anderen urogenitalen Verletzungen (z.B. der
Nieren) existieren verhĂ€ltnismĂ€Ăig wenige Daten zu diesem Problem. In dieser
retrospektiven Kohortenstudie sollten die HĂ€ufigkeit und die Ergebnisse des
interdisziplinÀren Managements von Harnblasen- und Harnröhrenrupturen konform
der interdisziplinÀren S3-Leitlinie Schwerverletztenversorgung dargestellt und
etwaige Einflussfaktoren auf das Outcome ermittelt werden. Methoden
Eingeschlossen wurden konsekutiv alle mÀnnlichen und weiblichen
Schwerverletzten (definiert ĂŒber einen Injury Severity Score [ISS] â„16),
welche im Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin (ukb), einem ĂŒberregionalen Traumazentrum,
zwischen 1997 und 2008 wegen begleitender Verletzungen der Harnblase und der
Harnröhre behandelt wurden. Neben einer Beschreibung der Demografie,
Verletzungsmechanismen und âschwere wurden Indikatorverletzungen sowie
Zeitpunkt und Ergebnisse der individuell gewÀhlten Therapiestrategien bei
nachuntersuchten Patienten analysiert. Die Ergebnisse wurden der derzeit
besten verfĂŒgbaren Evidenz aus der Literatur gegenĂŒbergestellt. Ergebnisse Im
Beobachtungszeitraum wurden insg. 1311 Schwerverletzte im ukb behandelt, von
denen 31 (27 MĂ€nner, 4 Frauen, medianes Alter 46 [Spanne 19 â 73] Jahre,
medianer ISS 29 [Spanne 16 bis 59]) Harnblasen- (n=9), Harnröhren- (n=19) oder
kombinierte Verletzungen (n=3) aufwiesen. Die PrÀvalenz betrug damit 2,4% (95%
Konfidenzintervall [KI] 1,6 â 3,3%). Harnblasenverletzungen teilten sich in 4
Grad I/II Verletzungen, welche nichtoperativ, und 8 Grad III-V-Verletzungen
auf, welche primÀr operativ (im Rahmen von Beckenosteosynthesen) versorgt
wurden. Die Harnableitung wurde im Median nach 14 (Spanne 4 â 58) Tagen
entfernt; alle Patienten boten bei Entlassung eine zufriedenstellende,
resturinarme Spontanmiktion bei noch reduzierten Miktionsvolumina. Als
Komplikation wurde eine Harnblasen-Scheiden-Fistel beobachtet. Alle
Harnröhrenverletzungen wurden mittels offener Harnröhrenschienung im Rahmen
der Beckenosteosynthese am Unfalltag (sofortige Therapie) oder wenige Tage
spÀter (verzögert primÀre Therapie) behandelt. 14 / 22 Patienten wurden
nachuntersucht. Das Risiko fĂŒr (mittels Urethrotomia interna kurativ
behandelbare) kurzstreckige Harnröhrenengen betrug 50% (95% KI 23 â 77%), fĂŒr
eine erektile Dysfunktion (36%, 95% KI 13 â 65%) und damit geringfĂŒgig
unterhalb der in der Literatur berichteten Raten. Schlussfolgerungen
Harnblasenverletzungen beim Polytraumatisierten haben bei prolongierter
transurethraler Harnableitung eine gute Prognose; ein einzeitiger Verschluss
durch den Urologen kann im Falle einer Laparotomie bzw. Beckenosteosynthese
sinnvoll sein. Bei Harnröhrenverletzungen sollte die primÀre offene
Harnröhrenschienung (am Unfalltag) bevorzugt werden, um das Risiko fĂŒr
Strikturen, Inkontinenz und erektile Dysfunktion zu minimieren.Introduction and background Injuries of the lower urinary tract in severely
injured patients are rare and have a minor impact on acute, priority-oriented
care. Yet, they may markedly influence later function and health-related
quality of life. Compared to other uro-genital injuries (e.g., renal trauma),
the body of evidence on this distinct clinical problem remains scarce. The
objective of this retrospective cohort study was to describe the epidemiology
and treatment outcomes of interdisciplinary management of urinary bladder and
urethral injuries according to the recent German clinical practice guideline
on trauma care, and to identify potential variables contributing to outcomes.
Methods This study included all male and female patients with severe injuries
(as defined by an Injury Severity Score [ISS] â„16) admitted to the
Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin (ukb), a metropolitan trauma center, between 1997 and
2008 because of accompanying injuries of the lower urinary tract. Apart from
baseline demography, injury pattern and severity, potential red flag signs,
the timing and results of individual treatment approaches were analyzed in an
exploratory fashion. Findings were compared to the current best evidence from
the literature. Results During the study period, 1311 severely injured
patients were referred to the ukb, 31 (2.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6
â 3.3%) of whom had urinary bladder (n=9), urethral (n=19), and combined
ruptures (n=3). There were 27 men and 4 women with a median age of 46 (range,
19 â 73) years and a median ISS of 29 (range, 16 â 59). Pelvic ring injuries
were associated with a 14 times increased risk of lower urinary tract injuries
(risk ratio [RR] 13.7, 95% CI 4.8 â 38.9). Gross hematuria proved as a
sensitive diagnostic sign. Bladder ruptures included 4 grade I/II injuries
(treated nonoperatively) and 12 grade III to V injuries demanding surgical
closure during internal fixation of pelvic fractures. After a median of 14
(range, 4 â 58) days, trans-urethral catheters were removed. All patients
showed sufficient bladder function on discharge with spontaneous urination but
still reduced volumes. A fistula between the vagina and the urinary bladder
was observed as the single complication. All urethral injuries were treated by
open trans-urethral realignment on admission (immediate therapy) or few days
later (early delayed therapy). 14 of 22 patients were available for follow-up.
The risk of short urethral strictures (subsequently released by internal
urethrotomia) was estimated at 50% (95% CI 23 â 77%). Erectile dysfunction
occurred in 36% (95% CI 13 â 65%) of all patients, a slightly lower risk than
expected based on literature information. Conclusions Injuries of the urinary
bladder in severely injured patients are associated with a good prognosis,
given prolonged trans-urethral drainage. Single-stage surgical closure may be
justified in case of a laparotomy or internal fixation of pelvic ring
fractures. Urethral ruptures should be managed by primary trans-urethral
realignment to minimize the risk of later stricture, incontinence, and
erectile dysfunction
The Real Daily Need for Incontinence Aids and Appliances in Patients with Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction in a Community Setting in Germany
PURPOSE: For successful long-term rehabilitation of patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD), it is necessary to define the objective requirement for urological aids based on a scientifically validated basis. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional multicenter study, based on a questionnaire. Data concerning bladder management and daily consumption of urological appliances for patients with NLUTD in a community setting were collected through a standardized survey. RESULTS: Seven hundred and sixty-seven records were analyzed: 543 males, 221 females (N/A = 3). Patients using intermittent catheterization (n= 608) required 5.06 (mean) single-use catheters per day. Out of them, 94 (15.5%) required additional pads (mean: 2.29 per day), 34 patients (5.6%) additionally used pants (mean: 2.55 per day) and 46 patients (7.6%) utilized condom catheters (mean: 3.81 per day) between catheterizations. Among all, 126 patients (16.4%) used pads (mean: 5.03 per day), and 51 patients (6.6%) used pants (mean: 3.03 per day). Women needed both pads (p < 0.0001) and diapers (p = 0.0084) significantly more frequently than men. Eighty-two of the male patients (15.1%) applied condom catheters (mean: 2.8 per day). The target value of the objective daily requirement of incontinence aids for adult patients with NLUTD (based on the upper twofold standard deviation from the mean value) was defined as follows: up to nine single-use catheters, seven condom catheters, nine pads and/or seven pants. A âmixed supplyâ of different incontinence aids is part of the daily supply for many patients. CONCLUSION: For the first time, these results allow a reasonable regulation of urological aids and appliances based on scientific data for patients with neurogenic bladder