Industrial Ecology as an Integrated Framework for Business Management

Growing global concerns about a plethora of environmental and social problems related to working circumstances, health, safety and inequity have currently fostered sustainability approaches for industry. Sustainable industrialization has emerged as a new strategic trend for facilitating socio-economic benefits without impairing basic environmental quality. This change in paradigm has led to a new concept in industrial sector called “Industrial Ecology (IE). Based on a straightforward analogy with the natural ecology, IE aims at transforming open linear industrial systems towards closed, cyclical independent systems. With a multidisciplinary scientific approach and many practical tools and strategies, it addresses various cross cutting themes related to pollution and environment and the entire spectrum of issues that are involved in the management of enterprises. The delineation of various concepts synthesized in this paper reveal a largely untapped potential of IE as a promising integrated framework for managing industrial practices. Keywords: Industrial Ecology, Sustainability, Integrated framework, Business, Management? Corporate Environmentalism, Waste

ASSESSMENT OF SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND ITS MANAGEMENT IN SELECTED SCHOOL CAMPUSES IN PUDUCHERRY REGION, INDIA

Among all the significant contributors of municipal solid waste, schools have been chosen for the study since the solid waste generation rate and its corresponding composition has not been reported or has been underestimated in the schools of Puducherry region. Hence, the present paper is an attempt to fill up this gap in our knowledge. The existing waste management system in selected schools was disorganized and inadequate to meet the specific waste management objectives as specified in Municipal Solid Waste (Management & Handling) Rules 2000, India. The study found that in the school, average per capita waste generation rate was 0.092 (±0.025) kg/capita/day varying from a high of 0.117 (±0.021) kg/capita/day in higher secondary schools to a low of 0.059 (±0.020) kg/capita/day in primary schools. The mean composition of school waste is made up of 39% food waste; 33% paper; 11% silt, soil and mud (combined); 8% plastic; 2% wood, glass, metal and textile (combine); 2% clinical and sanitary wastes; 1% E-waste; 4% other wastes. Approximately, 70 - 80% of generated solid waste is openly dumped or burnt in the campus, 10 - 15% is collected by municipal authorities and the remaining 6 - 8% is recovered through informal recycling and composting facilities. Based on the findings, recommendations to develop efficient waste prevention and management practices were suggested. Establishing “waste avoidance, handling and recovery” policies and programs for food, paper, plastic and soil wastes could significantly influence the success of sustainable solid waste management system at the school level

To travel or not to travel: towards understanding the theory of nativistic motivation

Largely employing the frameworks provided by the opponent process theory, the trans-theoretical model of change, and the two factor theory of motivation, the present paper introduces the concept of ‘nativistic motivation’ into the tourism literature. Although nativistic motivation might turn out to be an important category in the nomological network of tourism theory, it has thus far escaped the attention of tourism researchers. The traditional conceptualization of tourism motivation included only those factors that ‘positively’ motivate individuals to travel and considered that lower ratings on these factors alone constituted demotivation to travel. Nativistic motivators may be defined as those counter-touristic drives that motivate individuals not to travel before they embark on travel and motivate them to go back to their places of residence once they are on the move. The paper reports the development of a valid and reliable instrument to measure nativistic motivation. It hypothesizes the stages of touristic and nativistic motivations and the interactions between them. The simple yet comprehensive model proposed in this paper views tourism phenomenon essentially as a negotiated process between touristic and nativistic motivators

To travel or not to travel: towards understanding the theory of nativistic motivation

Largely employing the frameworks provided by the opponent process theory, the trans-theoretical model of change, and the two factor theory of motivation, the present paper introduces the concept of ‘nativistic motivation’ into the tourism literature. Although nativistic motivation might turn out to be an important category in the nomological network of tourism theory, it has thus far escaped the attention of tourism researchers. The traditional conceptualization of tourism motivation included only those factors that ‘positively’ motivate individuals to travel and considered that lower ratings on these factors alone constituted demotivation to travel. Nativistic motivators may be defined as those counter-touristic drives that motivate individuals not to travel before they embark on travel and motivate them to go back to their places of residence once they are on the move. The paper reports the development of a valid and reliable instrument to measure nativistic motivation. It hypothesizes the stages of touristic and nativistic motivations and the interactions between them. The simple yet comprehensive model proposed in this paper views tourism phenomenon essentially as a negotiated process between touristic and nativistic motivators