Time-resolved lidar fluorosensor for sea pollution detection

A contemporary time and spectral analysis of oil fluorescence is useful for the detection and the characterization of oil spills on the sea surface. Nevertheless the fluorosensor lidars, which were realized up to now, have only partial capability to perform this double analysis. The main difficulties are the high resolution required (of the order of 1 nanosecond) and the complexity of the detection system for the recording of a two-dimensional matrix of data for each laser pulse. An airborne system whose major specifications were: time range, 30 to 75 ns; time resolution, 1 ns; spectral range, 350 to 700 nm; and spectral resolution, 10 nm was designed and constructed. The designed system of a short pulse ultraviolet laser source and a streak camera based detector are described

Transnationalism and co-development. Peruvian associations in Lombardy

Immigrant associations are increasingly, at least in Italy, key actors in the integration of foreign populations into local society; integration understood not as assimilation but as construction of a dialogue that, while respecting mutual differences, can enrich immigrants as much as natives. Not by chance, the objectives pursued most frequently by immigrant associations are both integration and the promotion of the specific culture of the populations (and countries) of which they are expressions. On the one hand, therefore, immigrant associations seek to interrelate their members, and in general the communities which they represent, with the population and culture of the host country. On the other hand, however, these same associations increasingly seek to maintain and build relationships between immigrant communities and their countries of origin, thereby becoming transnational actors. In this regard, immigrant associations sometimes promote projects and initiatives to foster the development of specific areas of their countries of origin, fuelling a process which has been termed co-development. Moreover, co-development may be an occasion to activate or consolidate collaboration among immigrant associations and other organizations in the host country. The paper analyses the topics just outline on the basis of data collected by a research project on the associations of Peruvian citizens in Lombardy