Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Apinhamento ântero-superior: revisão e análise crítica da literatura Maxillary crowding and long-term stability: a review of literature

INTRODUÇÃO: o tratamento do apinhamento dentário da região anterior superior e inferior é comumente acometido pela recidiva, entretanto a maior parte dos estudos aborda apenas a estabilidade do tratamento do arco dentário inferior. OBJETIVO: este artigo propõe uma revisão e análise crítica da literatura, enfatizando os fatores etiológicos do apinhamento dentário, as diversas formas de tratamento e a recidiva no arco superior, considerando o plano de tratamento, os fatores periodontais e a expansão rápida da maxila. CONCLUSÕES: a severidade inicial da má oclusão, as alterações dimensionais dos arcos dentários e as alterações na fisiologia do ligamento periodontal são os principais fatores etiológicos de recidiva. O estudo da etiologia da recidiva permite ao ortodontista o correto planejamento dos casos clínicos e a previsibilidade da estabilidade pós-contenção.<br>INTRODUCTION: The treatment of crowding of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth commonly suffers relapse. Therefore, major studies focus only on stability of mandibular anterior segment. OBJECTIVE: This article propose a review and critical analysis of the literature, emphasizing the etiologic factors of incisors crowding, the various treatment plans and the relapse of the maxillary anterior segment, considering the treatment protocols, the periodontal factors and the rapid maxillary expansion. CONCLUSIONS: The main factors influencing the relapse are the severity of the initial malocclusion, the changes in arch dimensions and the changes in physiology of periodontal tissue. The study of the causes of relapse is important to help in achieving a correct treatment planning and to predict the postretention stability