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    Experience of Application Semicokes Lignite as Barrier Materials in the Production of Primary Aluminium Cells

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    Π¨Π²Ρ‹ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… тСплоизоляционных ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³Π½Π΅ΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ мСстом проникновСния Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ элСктролизСров. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ росту Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ срока слуТбы элСктролизСров. НСформованныС ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹, находящиСся Π² диспСрсном состоянии, Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… нСдостатков. Высокая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ слуТит ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡ… примСнСния. Однако Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° распрСдСлСния частиц ΠΏΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ сильного уплотнСния сухих Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… смСсСй, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… расфракционирования ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… инсталляции ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΡ… ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ прСдставлСны Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, тСорСтичСских ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… испытаний Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° с использованиСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π° канско-ачинских ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ прСимущСства ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌ – Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ΅ физичСскиС ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ свойства ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΎΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒSeams of traditional insulating and refractory materials, reduce gas-density of a laying and are places of receipt of aggressive liquid and gaseous components in heat-insulating part of cells cathodes. It causes growth of thermal losses and reduces cells service life. Unshaped material materials which are in a disperse state are considerably deprived of such shortcomings. High efficiency at their production and application caused expansion of scales of their application. However need of careful selection of particle size distribution and strong consolidation of dry barrier mixes, possibility of their division according to fractions in the course of installation increases their cost and imposes certain restrictions on their use. In work results of laboratory, theoretical and industrial researches new unshaped materials with use of products of pyrolysis of coals of the Kansk and Achinsk pool which advantage in relation to the traditional unshaped materials is good physical and working properties and low cost are presente

    Experience of Application Semicokes Lignite as Barrier Materials in the Production of Primary Aluminium Cells

    No full text
    Π¨Π²Ρ‹ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… тСплоизоляционных ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³Π½Π΅ΡƒΠΏΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ мСстом проникновСния Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ элСктролизСров. Π­Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ росту Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΡŒ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ срока слуТбы элСктролизСров. НСформованныС ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹, находящиСся Π² диспСрсном состоянии, Π² Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π»ΠΈΡˆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΡ… нСдостатков. Высокая ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ слуТит ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡˆΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡ… примСнСния. Однако Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° распрСдСлСния частиц ΠΏΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ сильного уплотнСния сухих Π±Π°Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… смСсСй, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡ… расфракционирования ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… инсталляции ΡƒΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΡ… ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π’ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ прСдставлСны Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, тСорСтичСских ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… испытаний Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π° с использованиСм ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚Π° ΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π° канско-ачинских ΡƒΠ³Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ‚ прСимущСства ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΊ Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°ΠΌ – Ρ…ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡˆΠΈΠ΅ физичСскиС ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ свойства ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΎΠΊΡƒΡŽ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒSeams of traditional insulating and refractory materials, reduce gas-density of a laying and are places of receipt of aggressive liquid and gaseous components in heat-insulating part of cells cathodes. It causes growth of thermal losses and reduces cells service life. Unshaped material materials which are in a disperse state are considerably deprived of such shortcomings. High efficiency at their production and application caused expansion of scales of their application. However need of careful selection of particle size distribution and strong consolidation of dry barrier mixes, possibility of their division according to fractions in the course of installation increases their cost and imposes certain restrictions on their use. In work results of laboratory, theoretical and industrial researches new unshaped materials with use of products of pyrolysis of coals of the Kansk and Achinsk pool which advantage in relation to the traditional unshaped materials is good physical and working properties and low cost are presente

    Study of the State and Dynamics of Wear of The Side Lining in the Cathodes of Aluminium Cells

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    For increasing the service life of the side lining of the reduction cell (operating at 300kA), processes leading to the destruction of SiC blocks (from different manufactures) have been studied. Based on autopsies, X-ray spectrum and phase analyses, it has been found out that gaps and scales between SiC blocks and the shell of the cell are formed during cell operation. The mentioned defects affect the process of heat transfer and the service life of the cell. The wear rate of side blocks (from different manufacturers) has been identified. It is shown that, due to the design of the attachment of SiC block to the shell, thermal deformations of the shell (under which SiC blocks are bent) lead to the damage of SiC blocks at the upper level of the bath.Для ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ срока слуТбы Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ элСктролизСров производства ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ алюминия, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½Π° силС Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° 300 кА, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ исслСдованиС процСссов Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ SiC-Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. На основС Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² сухих Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊ элСктролизСров, Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ„Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° выявлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² процСссС Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ SiC-Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡƒΡ…Π°ΠΌΠΈ элСктролизСров ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π·Π°Π·ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ слоСв ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΡΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ срок слуТбы элСктролизСров. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ максимального износа Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° конструктивного защСмлСния Ρ„Π»Π°Π½Ρ†Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ листом Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡƒΡ…Π° Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΈΠ± ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π±ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ располоТСния Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π° расплава элСктролита

    Study of the State and Dynamics of Wear of The Side Lining in the Cathodes of Aluminium Cells

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    For increasing the service life of the side lining of the reduction cell (operating at 300kA), processes leading to the destruction of SiC blocks (from different manufactures) have been studied. Based on autopsies, X-ray spectrum and phase analyses, it has been found out that gaps and scales between SiC blocks and the shell of the cell are formed during cell operation. The mentioned defects affect the process of heat transfer and the service life of the cell. The wear rate of side blocks (from different manufacturers) has been identified. It is shown that, due to the design of the attachment of SiC block to the shell, thermal deformations of the shell (under which SiC blocks are bent) lead to the damage of SiC blocks at the upper level of the bath.Для ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ срока слуТбы Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„ΡƒΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ элСктролизСров производства ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ алюминия, Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π½Π° силС Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊΠ° 300 кА, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ исслСдованиС процСссов Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ SiC-Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. На основС Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² сухих Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊ элСктролизСров, Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ„Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° выявлСно, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π² процСссС Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ SiC-Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡƒΡ…Π°ΠΌΠΈ элСктролизСров ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ‹ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π·Π°Π·ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ слоСв ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΡΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ‰Π°ΡŽΡ‚ срок слуТбы элСктролизСров. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ максимального износа Π±ΠΎΡ€Ρ‚ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·-Π·Π° конструктивного защСмлСния Ρ„Π»Π°Π½Ρ†Π΅Π²Ρ‹ΠΌ листом Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΡƒΡ…Π° Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΈΠ± ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π±ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ располоТСния Π·Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ°Π»Π° расплава элСктролита
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