On hyperderivatives of single-cuspidal Drinfeld modular forms with A-expansions

We show that the Drinfeld modular forms with $A$-expansion that have been constructed by the author are precisely the hyperderivatives of the subfamily of single-cuspidal Drinfeld modular forms with $A$-expansions that remain modular after hyperdifferentiation. In addition, we show that Drinfeld-Poincar\'{e} series display a similar behavior with respect to hyperdifferentiation, giving indirect evidence that the Drinfeld modular forms with $A$-expansions are Drinfeld-Poincar\'{e} series. The Drinfeld-Poincar\'{e} series that we consider generalize previous examples of such series by Gekeler, and Gerritzen and van der Put.Comment: This version adds several proofs and rearranges the presentation to help the reade

DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE FORM OF INFORMATION SERVICES

The article studies the development and complexity of information technology (IT). The dependence of modern businesses on the extent and efficiency of applying IT is argued. On this basis, attention is brought to problems related to the orientation of information services (IS) towards the provision of services. Grounds are given that it is based on and is determined by the achievements of IT service management (ITSM). Different approaches to improving IS are presented and the trend towards transforming current IS divisions into ones offering services is outlined

Robustness of Unsupervised Representation Learning without Labels

Unsupervised representation learning leverages large unlabeled datasets and is competitive with supervised learning. But non-robust encoders may affect downstream task robustness. Recently, robust representation encoders have become of interest. Still, all prior work evaluates robustness using a downstream classification task. Instead, we propose a family of unsupervised robustness measures, which are model- and task-agnostic and label-free. We benchmark state-of-the-art representation encoders and show that none dominates the rest. We offer unsupervised extensions to the FGSM and PGD attacks. When used in adversarial training, they improve most unsupervised robustness measures, including certified robustness. We validate our results against a linear probe and show that, for MOCOv2, adversarial training results in 3 times higher certified accuracy, a 2-fold decrease in impersonation attack success rate and considerable improvements in certified robustness

Awareness as a factor for improving quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease

Introduction: Quality of life among patients with chronic kidney disease is difficult to define unambiguously. However, this multicomponent definition includes physical, social and spiritual aspects of an individual's existence.Aim: The aim of the present study is to determine the level of awareness of patients with chronic renal failure regarding their quality of life.Materials and Methods: Anonymous questionnaire examined 126 individuals divided into three groups: 37 healthy controls, 67 subjects undergoing renal replacement therapy (hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis), and 22 subjects with kidney transplantation. Respondents' awareness was examined by gender, age, education, and employment.Results: The results of the present study show that the most uninformed about the impact of renal replacement therapy methods are those from the group of healthy controls. While in the other two groups it was found that the most informed about the quality of life and methods of treatment of chronic kidney disease are patients with kidney transplantation.Conclusion: There is a lack of awareness of patients with chronic kidney disease about the quality of life in the application of various treatment methods. The main factor for raising awareness was not only the current treatment of patients, but also their educational level, as the most informed are patients with higher education who have already turned to the transplantation method of treatment

General health awareness and culture of individuals with chronic kidney diseases and their influence on the treatment process

Introduction: Awareness is used by people to make decisions about how to act rationally in a given situation.Aim: The purpose of this publication is to study the health awareness and culture of people with chronic kidney disease based on the collected literature data.Materials and Methods: For the period 2001–2021, a review was made using the scientific databases Web of Science, Science Direct, Up to Date, including keywords in English: awareness, chronic kidney disease, culture. The study consisted of 36 554 publications, of which 8 274 are review articles and 13 378 are articles with research results.Results and Discussion: The health literacy of the population is extremely important for the patient's cooperation in the treatment provided for him, as well as for the prognosis of his disease as a whole. It also determines the decision regarding the replacement treatment of renal function in end-stage renal disease. The lack of cooperation is typical in hemodialysis patients. However, in order to have an active social position on this issue, it is necessary to create and implement policies aimed at promoting health and raising public awareness. Only in this way can people be expected to be able to be active participants in this process.Conclusion: Chronic kidney disease is part of the modern pandemic of chronic, non-communicable diseases, which occupies one of the leading in frequency and cause of death among the world's population. A high level of awareness leads to better self-esteem, and this directly reflects on the quality of life of the patient with kidney disease. In order to create awareness-raising strategies for patients with chronic kidney disease, it is first necessary to establish in advance their level of knowledge about kidney disease in general in addition to the various treatment methods

When Do Prompting and Prefix-Tuning Work? A Theory of Capabilities and Limitations

Context-based fine-tuning methods, including prompting, in-context learning, soft prompting (also known as prompt tuning), and prefix-tuning, have gained popularity due to their ability to often match the performance of full fine-tuning with a fraction of the parameters. Despite their empirical successes, there is little theoretical understanding of how these techniques influence the internal computation of the model and their expressiveness limitations. We show that despite the continuous embedding space being more expressive than the discrete token space, soft-prompting and prefix-tuning are strictly less expressive than full fine-tuning, even with the same number of learnable parameters. Concretely, context-based fine-tuning cannot change the relative attention pattern over the content and can only bias the outputs of an attention layer in a fixed direction. This suggests that while techniques like prompting, in-context learning, soft prompting, and prefix-tuning can effectively elicit skills present in the pretrained model, they cannot learn novel tasks that require new attention patterns

Aesthetic-oriented classification of 2D free-form curves

Nowadays, it is commonly admitted that the aesthetic appearance of a product has an enhanced role in its commercial success. Therefore, understanding and manipulating the aesthetic properties of shapes in the early design phases has become a very important field of research. There exists an appropriate vocabulary for describing the aesthetic properties of 2D free-form curves that includes terms such as straightness, acceleration, convexity and tension, which are normally used by stylists when describing and modifying shapes. However, the relationships between this vocabulary and the geometric models are not well established. This work investigates the possibility of applying Machine Learning Techniques (MLT) to discover possible classification patterns of 2D free-form curves with respect to the so-called straightness of the curve. First, we verified that MLT can correctly (99.78%) reapply the classification to new curves. In addition, we verified the abilities of the Attribute Selection methods to identify the most important attributes for the considered classification, among a larger set of attributes. As a result, it was possible to recognize as the most characterizing parameters the same curve attributes previously used to compute the measure of straightness (S). Moreover, Linear Regression (LR) was able to extract automatically an exact mathematical model, which can correlate the geometric quantities with the class of the curve, congruent to one we previously specified. This work indeed demonstrates that MLT are very suitable and can be efficiently used in this context. The work is a first step towards the characterization and classification of free form surfaces giving the general directions on how MLT can be exploited to characterize free-form surfaces with respects to the aesthetic properties.This work has been partially supported by the VISIONAIR project funded by the European Commission under grant agreement 262044

New Market Segmentation Knowledge in the Function of Bioeconomy Development in Serbia

Sustainability of companies in modern market conditions greately depends on the knowledge. In order to improve their business processes and satisfy the needs of their customers, managers have to rely on new marketing knowledge, especially in new sectors such as bioeconomy. The aim of this paper is to investigate potential added value to Serbian organic food market segmentation researches (belonging to preconditions of further bioeconomy development) when implementing new marketing knowledge – food-related lifestyle market segmentation and scales’ testings. The results point out to adventurous consumers as the most important current and future market for organic food. Besides being the most educated (what was already established for consumers accepting organic food well in previous domestic researches), it is the first time that consumers accepting organic food in larger extent are brought in connection to their inclusion of the whole family in the preparation of meals and acceptance of novelties in cooking. It is also the first time to identify that there is a segment in domestic conditions for which price is not the greatest obstacle for increasing organic food consumption. That can be of the great importance for all actors (both national and foreign) operating at domestic food market