Development of a micromechanical model in interaction with parameters related to the microstructure of carbon/epoxy composites.

Gaseous Hydrogen storage under high pressure for autonomous energy application leads to non-metallic solutions for the material of vessels. The choice of wound carbon / epoxy composites was adopted for the design of storage tanks under high pressure. In this paper, the development of a micromechanical model in interaction with the microstructure parameters is presented. First a finite element analysis (FEA) allows us to perform numerical simulations on a representative volume cell based on observed microstructure to determine the local mechanical response. Then a parametric study is done. It reveals the effects of the voids on the mechanical properties. These effects identification and evaluation will be the basics knowledge bricks to build a guide design and process improvements for the vessel dome behaviours

DISRUPTING FACULTY SERVICE: USING TECHNOLOGY TO INCREASE ACADEMIC SERVICE PRODUCTIVITY

Scholarly attention regarding faculty involvement has primarily focused on faculty opinions of shared governance and faculty influence on institutional decision-making. There has been limited attention given to academic service productivity and the effectiveness of traditional approaches toward the accomplishment of faculty service requirements. This paper discusses disruptive technological change as a subset of disruptive innovation and proposes a technology-based framework for increasing service productivity while maintaining effort with regard to faculty service requirements in academic institutions. Specifically, a social networking tool is used to approach academic service projects with organic involvement and measured progress. It is suggested that such an approach may have positive implications toward increasing productivity in academic service. Further, additional benefits inherent in the tool make possible the leveraging of external networks for further productivity gains with no increase in resources while fostering a standardization of products across universities

Optimization of Glutathione S-Transferase in the Sera of Young Female Iraqi Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type1

This study was attempted to determine optimum conditions, for Glutathione s-Transferase enzyme, in sera of three groups diabetic patients type1 depending on duration of disease without complications compared with control group. The aim of this study was to find optimum conditions were determined such as (pH, Substrate Concentration, Temperature, Incubation time, Enzyme concentration, and effect of(0.15M)(0.25M) of mono divalent compounds). And to find the kinetics parameters in the three groups of diabetic patients when compared with control. It was found optimum pH(8.5,4.5,2.5,6.5).Temperatures(20cº,40cº,50cº,30cº). Incubation times (7min, 4min, 4min, 5min) substrate concentrations (12µl, 10µl, 5µl, 10µl) enzyme concentrations by enzyme volumes (125µl, 100µl, 75µl, 100µl) for group one, two, three and control group respectively., The maximum activity was presence in mono valent compounds were found in NaCl while in divalent compounds the maximum activity was presence CuSO4 more than the other compounds. By using line weaver –Burk plot we estimate the three values of Km and three values Vmax for the three groups of diabetic patients and control. which enhance our result that there are confirm three isoenzymes for Glutathione –S- transferase

Analyses of Hubble Space Telescope Aluminized-Teflon Multilayer Insulation Blankets Retrieved After 19 Years of Space Exposure

Since its launch in April 1990, the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) has made many important observations from its vantage point in low Earth orbit (LEO). However, as seen during five servicing missions, the outer layer of multilayer insulation (MLI) has become increasingly embrittled and has cracked in many areas. In May 2009, during the 5th servicing mission (called SM4), two MLI blankets were replaced with new insulation and the space-exposed MLI blankets were retrieved for degradation analyses by teams at NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). The retrieved MLI blankets were from Equipment Bay 8, which received direct sunlight, and Equipment Bay 5, which received grazing sunlight. Each blanket was divided into several regions based on environmental exposure and/or physical appearance. The aluminized-Teflon (DuPont, Wilmington, DE) fluorinated ethylene propylene (Al-FEP) outer layers of the retrieved MLI blankets have been analyzed for changes in optical, physical, and mechanical properties, along with chemical and morphological changes. Pristine and as-retrieved samples (materials) were heat treated to help understand degradation mechanisms. When compared to pristine material, the analyses have shown how the Al-FEP was severely affected by the space environment. Most notably, the Al-FEP was highly embrittled, fracturing like glass at strains of 1 to 8 percent. Across all measured properties, more significant degradation was observed for Bay 8 material as compared to Bay 5 material. This paper reviews the tensile and bend-test properties, density, thickness, solar absorptance, thermal emittance, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) elemental composition measurements, surface and crack morphologies, and atomic oxygen erosion yields of the Al-FEP outer layer of the retrieved HST blankets after 19 years of space exposure

Analyses of Hubble Space Telescope Aluminized-Teflon Insulation Retrieved After 19 Years of Space Exposure

Since its launch in April 1990, the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) has made many important observations from its vantage point in low Earth orbit (LEO). However, as seen during five servicing missions, the outer layer of multilayer insulation (MLI) has become successively more embrittled and has cracked in many areas. In May 2009, during the 5th servicing mission (called SM4), two MLI blankets were replaced with new insulation pieces and the space-exposed MLI blankets were retrieved for degradation analyses by teams at NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). The MLI blankets were from Equipment Bay 8, which received direct sunlight, and Equipment Bay 5, which received grazing sunlight. Each blanket contained a range of unique regions based on environmental exposure and/or physical appearance. The retrieved MLI blanket s aluminized-Teflon (DuPont) fluorinated ethylene propylene (Al-FEP) outer layers have been analyzed for changes in optical, physical, and mechanical properties, along with space induced chemical and morphological changes. When compared to pristine material, the analyses have shown how the Al-FEP was severely affected by the space environment. This paper reviews tensile properties, solar absorptance, thermal emittance, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data and atomic oxygen erosion values of the retrieved HST blankets after 19 years of space exposure

Hidden in Heart Failure

Current diagnostic strategies fail to illuminate the presence of rare disease in the heart failure population. One-third of heart failure patients are categorised as suffering an idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, while others are labelled only as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Those affected frequently suffer from delays in diagnosis, which can have a significant impact on quality of life and prognosis. Traditional rhetoric argues that delineation of this patient population is superfluous to treatment, as elucidation of aetiology will not lead to a deviation from standard management protocols. This article emphasises the importance of identifying genetic, inflammatory and infiltrative causes of heart failure to enable patients to access tailored management strategies

DEVELOPMENT OF STRUCTURING MODEL OF WOUND COMPOSITE VESSEL DOME

Nowadays, the composite pressure vessels are the most mature mode for storing hydrogen at very high pressure. Regardless of the many advantages of the composite pressure vessels, storage under high pressure leads to the use of thick layers of composite, and the behaviour of this type of structure is poorly mastered due to the higher impact of the process on the material-structure behaviour, and especially at the dome area. In order to model the behaviour of composite pressure vessels, in this paper a structuring model of composite pressure vessels is proposed. The structuring model takes into account the variability and specificity of the geometry of the dome area that is considered as the most problematic part of the composite pressure vessels. We integrate in our sizing model properties such as end of helical layers, thickness evolution, winding angle evolution, voids and fibre content

Modèle de comportement des structures bobinées : étude des fonds

L’utilisation de matériaux composites sur des réservoirs permet le développement d’applications de stockage haute pression. En effet, dans ce domaine les composites sont très compétitifs par rapport aux matériaux métalliques classiquement utilisés. Sur les structures épaisses, l’utilisation de composites permet d’obtenir des pressions à rupture très élevées (de l’ordre de 2000 bar), qui ne sont pas atteignables en utilisant des réservoirs métalliques. Toutefois, cela conduit à utiliser de fortes épaisseurs de composites, et le comportement de ce type de structure reste mal maitrisé. En particulier, le comportement des fonds doit être étudié avec précision. Il faut en effet intégrer la géométrie complexe liée au procédé de mise en œuvre

A possible screening test for inherited p53-related defects based on the apoptotic response of peripheral blood lymphocytes to DNA damage.

The cellular response, in terms of cell cycle arrest(s) and apoptosis, to radiation-induced DNA damage was studied. Experiments were performed on both mitogen-stimulated and resting peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from normal and cancer-prone (C-P) individuals. The C-P individuals comprised three patients carrying germline p53 mutations and three members of two families apparently without such mutations, but with an inherited defect which results in p53 deregulation as shown by high levels of stabilised p53 protein in normal tissues. Interestingly, mitogen-stimulated PBL, from both normal and C-P individuals failed to demonstrate a G1 arrest after gamma radiation. However, a clear difference was seen in the apoptotic response to DNA damage, of PBL from normal and C-P individuals; PBLs from C-P individuals with inherited p53-related defects had a reduced apoptotic response (P = 0.0003). There was a wide margin of separation, with no overlap between the two groups, supporting the possibility of using this altered apoptotic response as a screening test. This simple and rapid procedure could be used to identify those individuals in a C-P family who carry germline p53-related defects. The method appears to detect both individuals with p53 mutations and those apparently without mutations but with other p53-related defects

Penetrance of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Sarcomere Protein Mutation Carriers

[Abstract] Background. Predictive genetic screening of relatives of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) caused by sarcomere protein (SP) gene mutations is current standard of care, but there are few data on long-term outcomes in mutation carriers without HCM. Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of new HCM diagnosis in SP mutation carriers. Methods. This was a retrospective analysis of adult and pediatric SP mutation carriers identified during family screening who did not fulfill diagnostic criteria for HCM at first evaluation. Results. The authors evaluated 285 individuals from 156 families (median age 14.2 years [interquartile range: 6.8 to 31.6 years], 141 [49.5%] male individuals); 145 (50.9%) underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Frequency of causal genes was as follows: MYBPC3 n = 123 (43.2%), MYH7 n = 69 (24.2%), TNNI3 n = 39 (13.7%), TNNT2 n = 34 (11.9%), TPM1 n = 9 (3.2%), MYL2 n = 6 (2.1%), ACTC1 n = 1 (0.4%), multiple mutations n = 4 (1.4%). Median follow-up was 8.0 years (interquartile range: 4.0 to 13.3 years) and 86 (30.2%) patients developed HCM; 16 of 50 (32.0%) fulfilled diagnostic criteria on CMR but not echocardiography. Estimated HCM penetrance at 15 years of follow-up was 46% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 38% to 54%). In a multivariable model adjusted for age and stratified for CMR, independent predictors of HCM development were male sex (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.91; 95% CI: 1.82 to 4.65) and abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) (HR: 4.02; 95% CI: 2.51 to 6.44); TNNI3 variants had the lowest risk (HR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.55, compared to MYBPC3). Conclusions. Following a first negative screening, approximately 50% of SP mutation carriers develop HCM over 15 years of follow-up. Male sex and an abnormal ECG are associated with a higher risk of developing HCM. Regular CMR should be considered in long-term screening