Raças de Magnaporthe oryzae do trigo em 2013.

Editores técnicos: Joseani Mesquita Antunes, Ana Lídia Variani Bonato, Márcia Barrocas Moreira Pimentel

Monitoramento de doenças fúngicas em cultivares de trigo no Rio Grande do Sul.

Orientador: João Leodato Nunes Maciel

Conversion of MDF wastes into a char with remarkable potential to remove Food Red 17 dye from aqueous effluents

Medium density fiberboard (MDF) wastes were converted into an efficient char able to uptake Food Red 17 dye (FR17) from colored effluents. The yield of the pyrolysis process, in terms of char, was 29%. The produced char presented micro and mesoporous, with surface area of 218.8 m2 g−1 and total pore volume of 0.122 cm3 g−1. Regarding to the FR17 adsorption, removal percentages of 90% were found at pH 2 and using 0.5 g L−1 of char. Pseudo–first and pseudo–second order models were adequate to represent the adsorption kinetic profile, being the equilibrium reached within 20 min. Freundlich model was selected to represent the equilibrium data. The maximum adsorption capacity was 210 mg g−1. The adsorption of FR17 on the char was endothermic and physical in nature. The char was efficient for 8 adsorption–desorption cycles, maintaining the same adsorption capacity. In brief, this work demonstrated a useful practice in terms of cleaner production. It was possible add value to MDF wastes, generating an efficient and reusable adsorbent to treat colored effluents containing FR 17 dye

Avaliação do efeito da substituição de meio sintético por efluente real no processo anammox.

Projeto/Plano de Ação: 03.11.91.200-03

Estabilidade do processo anammox mediante progressão de carga.

Projeto/Plano de Ação: 03.11.91200-03

Development of highly porous activated carbon from Jacaranda mimosifolia seed pods for remarkable removal of aqueous-phase ketoprofen

In this work, a high porous activated carbon from Jacaranda mimosifolia was developed and employed for ketoprofen adsorption. After the pyrolysis process at 973.15 K, the material presented cavities with different sizes allocated on the particle surface. The material presented a pH at the point of zero charge of 4.1 with the best adsorption at pH 2. The best adsorbent dosage was 0.72 g L−1, corresponding to a removal of 96%. The system reached the adsorption equilibrium after 120 min and was described by the linear driving force model. The isotherms revealed that the adsorption capacity decreased with the temperature and followed the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 303.9 mg g−1. This high capacity can be associated with the high surface area (928 m2 g−1) and pore volume (0.521 cm3 g−1) values. The thermodynamic values indicated that the adsorption system is spontaneous and exothermic. The enthalpy value indicates that the interactions between the adsorbent and adsorbate are physical. Regeneration tests showed a decreasing percentage of removal of 7.86% after 5 cycles. Finally, the adsorbent showed efficiency when treating a simulated effluent containing drugs and inorganic salts, showing the removal of 71.43%

Treatment of effluents containing 2-chlorophenol by adsorption onto chemically and physically activated biochars

The application of adsorption using biochars for the remediation of effluents containing emerging contaminants, including chlorophenols, is a hotspot and trend development in the literature. This treatment is more interesting when using readily available wastes and at no cost, such as malt bagasse, for example. Here, the biochars were produced from malt bagasse, by physical and chemical activation (with CO2 and ZnCl2, respectively) and employed as adsorbents in the remediation of effluents containing 2-chlorophenol. Results revealed that the activated biochars have mesoporous structures and surface areas of 161 m² g-1 (CO2) and 545 m² g-1 (ZnCl2). For both activated biochars, adsorption of 2-chlorophenol was favored under acid conditions, with the highest adsorption capacities found using ZnCl2-activated biochar. The maximum adsorption capacity using ZnCl2-activated biochar was 150 mg g-1. The process was endothermic and spontaneous. ZnCl2-activated biochar exhibited an efficiency of 98% (using a dosage of 10 g L-1) in the treatment of industrial effluents containing 2-chlorophenol.La aplicación de la adsorción mediante biocarros para la remediación de efluentes que contienen contaminantes emergentes, incluidos los clorofenoles, es un punto crítico y un desarrollo de tendencia en la literatura. Este tratamiento es más interesante cuando se utilizan residuos fácilmente disponibles y sin costo, como el bagazo de malta, por ejemplo. Aquí, los biocarros se produjeron a partir de bagazo de malta, mediante activación física y química (con CO2 y ZnCl2, respectivamente) y se emplearon como adsorbentes en la remediación de efluentes que contienen 2-clorofenol. Los resultados revelaron que los biocarros activados tienen estructuras mesoporosas y áreas superficiales de 161 m² g-1 (CO2) y 545 m² g-1 (ZnCl2). Para ambos biocarros activados, la adsorción de 2-clorofenol se vio favorecida en condiciones ácidas, con las capacidades de adsorción más altas encontradas utilizando biocarbón activado con ZnCl2. La capacidad máxima de adsorción usando biocarbón activado con ZnCl2 fue de 150 mg g-1. El proceso fue endotérmico y espontáneo. El biocarbón activado con ZnCl2 exhibió una eficiencia del 98% (usando una dosis de 10 g L-1) en el tratamiento de efluentes industriales que contienen 2-clorofenol