Hardware intervention compared with no treatment on school attendance.

<p>Hardware intervention compared with no treatment on school attendance.</p

Demographic statistics of the sample.

a<p>When examining first language, assumption ii for χ2 test was not met, as there were only N = 2 Farsi speakers. As no more data would be collected, it was decided to remove the Farsi case and rerun the analysis, χ2 = .237, ns.</p

Review authors’ judgements about methodological items for each included study.

<p>Review authors’ judgements about methodological items for each included study.</p

Correlation of RATS total score with sleeping patterns and nightmares.

**<p>Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).* Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).</p

Self reported total sleep time, bed times, and rise times for Afghan UASC on school nights and weekends and significant differences between the two times.

*<p>Z = −11.476 p<.001;</p>**<p>Z = −11.890 p<.001;</p>***<p>Z = −7.885 p<.001; notes: any times over 60 minutes have been calculated into hours. Minutes have been rounded off to the nearest minute.</p

Comparison of means for TST, BT, RT, Oversleep, and Bed time Delay from a selection of other studies using the SHS.

<p>TST and standard deviations reported in minutes.</p>a<p>Mean Age/age range/school grade.</p>b<p>Standard deviations not reported.</p

(Post)Modern Inferno: Flann O'Brien's The Third Policeman between modern and medieval netherworlds

I have discussed earlier Noman's hallucinatory experience of "woodenness" spreading across his whole body - "a dry timber poison killing me" (119). It provides another stage in the consistently allegorical construction of the motif. Noman's moment of enlightenment, the possibility of the discovery of an allegorical meaning, is of course immediately distorted by the fact that Noman is already dead and - if his dwelling-place is hell - there is no possibility of further degradation, he is all "wood" by now. "Woodenness" he correctly associates with death, yet as always he misses the point as it is primarily a "spiritual" death that is signalized here

Heroin assisted treatment for key health outcomes in people with chronic heroin addictions: a context-focused systematic review

Background and aims: Randomised controlled trials in Europe and Canada have shown that supervised heroin assisted treatment (HAT) is an effective treatment option for people with long-term heroin addictions for whom the standard opioid substitution treatments (OST) have not been effective. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of supervised HAT and analyse the significance of context and implementation in the design of successful HAT programmes. Methods: PubMed, CENTRAL, Embase, and Web of Science were searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCT) and systematic reviews evaluating supervised HAT compared to any other OST. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were published in English, evaluated a supervised form of HAT, and included illegal drug use and/or health as a primary outcome measure. There were no restrictions on publication date. The following outcomes of the included studies were analysed using narrative synthesis and meta-analysis where possible: retention, street drug use, health, and social functioning. Results: Nine randomised controlled trials spanning eight studies (n = 2331) and three systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria. Seven of the eight studies compared HAT to methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). One study compared HAT to injectable hydromorphone in a double-blind non-inferiority trial. Meta-analysis was performed on pooled results of retention across all included studies and found that HAT has a statistically significant effect on retention [Z = 7.65 (P > 0.0001)]. Five of the eight included studies found that supervised HAT reduces participants’ use of illegal drugs more significantly than MMT. Evidence of improved health in participants receiving supervised HAT compared to other OSTs was inconsistent; positive effects were observed in three of the included studies (n = 1626). Conclusion: When compared to methadone maintenance treatment (MMT), heroin assisted treatment (HAT) more consistently retains people with heroin addictions in treatment and reduces their consumption of illicit drugs. Trial registration: PROSPERO registration: CRD42022341306.</p

Additional file 4: of Barriers and facilitators to implementing evidence-based interventions among third sector organisations: a systematic review

Contains the appendices referred to throughout the study. (DOCX 124 kb

Additional file 5: of Barriers and facilitators to implementing evidence-based interventions among third sector organisations: a systematic review

Quality of qualitative studies. (DOCX 95 kb