Patient-controlled analgesia improves pain control in a vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell patients

A critical appraisal and clinical application of van Beers EJ, van Tuijn CF, Nieuwkerk PT, Friederich PW, Vranken JH, Biemond BJ. Patient-controlled analgesia versus continuous infusion of morphine during vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease, a randomized controlled trial. Am J Hematol. 2007;82(11):955-60. doi: 10.1002/ajh.2094

Tunnelling Effect and Hawking Radiation from a Vaidya Black Hole

In this paper, we extend Parikh' work to the non-stationary black hole. As an example of the non-stationary black hole, we study the tunnelling effect and Hawking radiation from a Vaidya black hole whose Bondi mass is identical to its mass parameter. We view Hawking radiation as a tunnelling process across the event horizon and calculate the tunnelling probability. We find that the result is different from Parikh's work because $\frac{dr_{H}}{dv}$ is the function of Bondi mass m(v)

FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF TEMOZOLOMIDE LOADED HYDROGENATED SOYA PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE LIPOSOMES FOR THE TREATMENT OF BRAIN CANCER

Objective: The objective of this study was to encapsulate temozolomide (TMZ) in the liposomal formulation for the treatment of glioblastoma. TMZis one of the most effective substances in vitro against cells derived from glioblastoma. However, it may not have a significant effect in vivo due topoor penetration in brain which may be attributed to the blood-brain-barrier. The main objective of this investigation is to develop a liposomal drugdelivery system which could improve the brain targeting, and solve the treatment-related problems.Methods: In this study, TMZ loaded liposomes were prepared by ethanol injection method. The characterization of formulated liposomes was carriedout by vesicle size, entrapment efficiency, surface morphology, and in vitro drug release study. The prepared liposomes were also evaluated for celluptake and cell cytotoxicity studies.Results: Particle size and entrapment efficiency were found to be 105.7±3.9 nm and 78.25±0.98%, respectively. 75% of the entrapped drug wasreleased in 24 hrs from the selected liposomal formulation. Cell uptake study reveals that hydrogenated soya phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) loaded TMZliposomes interact with the glioblastoma cells and kill the cancer cells effectively. Cytotoxicity assay confirms that drug loaded HSPC liposomes aremore efficient with respect to killing of glioblastoma cells as compared to plain drug.Conclusion: These results suggest that the TMZ loaded HSPC liposome may serve as a proficient targeted drug delivery system for the effectivemanagement of glioblastoma.Keywords: Temozolomide, Liposomes, Hydrogenated soya phosphatidylcholine, Cholesterol, Glioblastoma

PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND OPTIMIZATION OF MEBENDAZOLE SPHERICAL AGGLOMERATES USING MODIFIED EVAPORATIVE PRECIPITATION IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION (EPAS)

Objective: Mebendazole is a popular benzimidazole class anthelmintic drug useful in the treatment of main infections of threadworms as well as other less common worm infections like whipworm, roundworm, and hookworm in adults and children over 2 y of age. It is poorly soluble in water resulting in poor absorption from the intestinal tract leading to a decrease in bioavailability. Moreover, Mebendazole has poor flowability due to the needle-shaped crystals. This work was carried out with the aim of increasing the flowability and solubility of Mebendazole. Methods: A 32 full factorial design was used to investigate the effect of the concentration of Mebendazole and the quantity of water as an external phase using evaporative precipitation into an aqueous solution. The prepared agglomerates were characterized for particle size distribution, shape, Hausner ratio, Carr’s index and % dissolved in 60 min (C60).   Results: The prepared agglomerates were found to be monodispersed. They also showed a decrease in the Hausner ration and Carr’s index, indicating improved flowability. Increase in C60 indicated that the agglomerates were found to have increased water solubility. Conclusion: Scanning Electron Microscopy showed that the agglomerates were spherical in shape. Fourier Transformed Infra-Red studies showed no chemical change in the prepared spherical agglomerates. Differential Scanning Calorimetry and X-ray diffraction studies showed an increase in amorphous characteristics of prepared spherical agglomerates. This method may be used for drugs with similar characteristics as Mebendazole

Thermonuclear Ti-42(p, gamma)V-43 rate in type-I x-ray bursts

The thermonuclear rate of the Ti-42(p, gamma)V-43 reaction has been reevaluated based on a recent precise proton separation energy measurement of S-p(V-43) = 83 +/- 43 keV. The astrophysical impact of our new rates has been investigated through one-zone postprocessing type-I x-ray burst calculations. It shows that the new experimental value of S-p significantly affects the yields of species for A approximate to 40-45. As well, the precision of the recent experimental S-p value constrains these yields to better than a factor of 3.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Double Charge Exchange And Configuration Mixing

The energy dependence of forward pion double charge exchange reactions on light nuclei is studied for both the Ground State transition and the Double-Isobaric-Analog-State transitions. A common characteristic of these double reactions is a resonance-like peak around 50 MeV pion lab energy. This peak arises naturally in a two-step process in the conventional pion-nucleon system with proper handling of nuclear structure and pion distortion. A comparison among the results of different nuclear structure models demonstrates the effects of configuration mixing. The angular distribution is used to fix the single particle wave function.Comment: Added 1 figure (now 8) corrected references and various other change