Impact of photometric variability on age and mass determination of Young Stellar Objects: A case study on Orion Nebula Cluster

In case of pre-main sequence objects, the only way to determine age and mass is by fitting theoretical isochrones on color-magnitude (alternatively luminosity-temperature) diagrams. Since young stellar objects exhibit photometric variability over wide range in magnitude and colors, the age and mass determined by fitting isochrones is expected to be inaccurate, if not erroneous. These in turn will badly affect any study carried out on age spread and process of star formation. Since we have carried out very extensive photometric observations of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC), we decided to use our multi-band data to explore the influence of variability in determining mass and age of cluster members. In this study, we get the amplitudes of the photometric variability in V, R, and I optical bands of a sample of 346 ONC members and use it to investigate how the variability affects the inferred masses and ages and if it alone can take account for the age spread among the ONC members reported by earlier studies. We find that members that show periodic and smooth photometric rotational modulation have their masses and ages unaffected by variability. On other hand, we found that members with periodic but very scattered photometric rotational modulation and members with irregular variability have their masses and ages significantly affected. Moreover, using Hertzsprung-Russell (HR) diagrams we find that the observed I band photometric variability can take account of only a fraction (about 50%) of the inferred age spread, whereas the V band photometric variability is large enough to mask any age spread.Comment: Accepted by MNRAS; 17 pages, 4 Tables, 15 Figure

Observation of R-Band Variability of L Dwarfs

We report, for the first time, photometric variability of L dwarfs in $R$ band. Out of three L1 dwarfs (2MASS 1300+19, 2MASS 1439+19, and 2MASS 1658+70) observed, we have detected R band variability in 2MASS 1300+19 and 2MASS 1439+19. The objects exhibit variability of amplitude ranging from 0.01 mag to 0.02 mag. Object 2MASS 1658+70, turns out to be non-variable in both $R$ and $I$ band. However, more observations are needed to infer its variability. No periodic behaviour in the variability is found from the two L1 dwarfs that are variable. All the three L1 dwarfs have either negligible or no $H_{\alpha}$ activity. In the absence of any direct evidence for the presence of sufficiently strong magnetic field, the detection of polarization at the optical favors the presence of dust in the atmosphere of L dwarfs. We suggest that the observed $R$ band photometric variability is most likely due to atmospheric dust activity.Comment: 13 pages (latex, aastex style) including 3 eps figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letter

Nuevo registro de la biota ediacárica en la Arenisca de Jodhpur (Supergrupo de Marwar), Rajasthan occidental, India

In western Rajasthan, India, the Jodhpur Sandstone of the Marwar Supergroup has yielded a new Ediacaran fossil assemblage comprising macroscopic well-preserved specimens of Aspidella, Hiemalora, large Ediacaran discs, Tirasiana disciformis, Medusinites asteroides, Anfesta-like Ediacaran body fossils and microbial mat structures (Arumberia banksi, Kinneyia mat structures, wrinkle mat structures and other mat structures). The fossil record allows suggesting a broad correlation with the Fermuse Formation, Newfoundland, South Australia, White Sea of Russia and Norway, and regionally correlated with the Bhander Group of Vindhyan Supergroup and Krol Group of Lesser Himalaya.En el oeste de Rajasthan, India, la Arenisca de Jodhpur (Supergrupo de Marwar) ha librado un nuevo conjunto fósil ediacárico que comprende especímenes macroscópicos bien conservados de Aspidella, Hiemalora, grandes discos ediacáricos, Tirasiana disciformis, asteroides de Medusinites, fósiles de cuerpo blando ediacáricos similares a Anfesta y estructuras de tapices microbianas (Arumberia banksi, estructuras microbianas de tipo Kinneyia, estructuras microbianas arrugadas y otras estructuras microbianas). El registro fósil permite sugerir una amplia correlación con la Formación de Fermuse, Terranova, Australia meridional, el Mar Blanco de Rusia y Noruega, y la correlación regional con el Grupo de Bhander (Supergroup de Vindhyan) y el Grupo de Krol del Himalaya Interior

Role of hysterolaparoscopy in the evaluation of female infertility in a tertiary care centre

Background: Infertility is one of the most important and underappreciated reproductive health problems in developing countries. Inability to conceive bears a social stigma which causes societal repercussion and personal suffering. The advent of hysterolaparoscopy have redefined the evaluation and treatment of infertile women. Study aimed to assess the role of hysterolaparoscopy in the evaluation of female infertility.Methods: This prospective observational study was done in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Gandhi Medical College, Sultania Zanana Hospital, Bhopal, during the period between 1st December 2016 to 30th November 2017. 104 infertile patients either with primary or secondary infertility were included after thorough evaluation.Results: Out of 104 infertile patients, 82(78.8%) women had primary infertility and rest 22(21.1%) women had secondary infertility. In primary infertility group, most common laparoscopic finding was PCOD in 24(29%) women and in secondary infertility group, tubal blockage was seen in 9(40%) women. The most common pathology seen in hysteroscopy was submucous fibroid in 6(7.3%) women with primary infertility, whereas in secondary infertility group, synechiae was found in 2(9%) patients and septum was seen in 1(4.5%) patient. Out of 104 patients, 33 (31.7%) patients underwent various interventions. The most common intervention was ovarian drilling for PCOS in 21(63.3%) patients followed by hysteroscopic cannulation in 5(15.5%) patients.Conclusions: Hysterolaparoscopy is a very useful tool that can detect various structural abnormalities in multiple sites like uterus, tubes, ovaries and peritoneal cavity in the same sitting. When done by experienced hands and proper selection of patients, hysterolaparoscopy can be considered as a definitive investigative procedure for evaluation of female infertility

Oxidative Cleavage of Alpha Amino Acids ℓ–Glycine and ℓ–Valine By1,3-Dichloro-5,5-Dimethylhydantoin in Medium of Aqueous Acetic Acid Medium

Abstract: 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DCDMH) hydrolysed of this compounds leads to the formation of active positive halogen species like HOCl and H2O+Cl. The H2O+Cl in non-polar or less polar media, extensively used as a chlorinating and oxidizing agents in organic substrate. The rate of reaction is enhanced by the increasing [H+] and percentage of acetic acid. The main product of the oxidation is corresponding aldehydes. The thermodynamic parameters for the oxidation have been computed in the show step mechanism. The observed rate law was in good conformity with the mechanism

Effect of Oxidant 1, 3-Dichloro-5-5-Dimethylhydantoin and 5, 5-Dimethylhydantoin with Different Substrates: The Kinetic Measurements

The kinetic measurement with different concentration of oxidant 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin and 5,5-dimethylhydantoin with ℓ–alanine,  ℓ-glycine and ℓ–valine. The catalytic effect of acid in the reaction rate reveal an interaction between oxidants species H2O+Cl and substrates. The observed order of reactivity of ℓ-amino acids (ℓ-glycine > ℓ–alanine > ℓ-valine) was explained on the basis of hydrolysis of reacting species

Aspidella: un fósil de cuerpo blando ediacárico de la Arenisca de Jodhpur (Supergrupo de Marwar), área de Sursagar, Jodhpur, Rajasthan occidental, India

This paper describes well-preserved Aspidella remains, the Ediacaran body fossils from the Jodhpur Sandstone of the Marwar Supergroup in Sursagar area, Jodhpur, western Rajasthan, India. They show distinct morphological features previously described in other famous Ediacaran fossil sites, such as the Fermuse Formation of Newfoundland, South Australia and White Sea of RussiaSe describen en este trabajo los restos bien conservados de Aspidella, fósiles de cuerpo blando ediacáricos de la Arenisca de Jodhpur (Supergrupo de Marwar) el área de Sursagar, Jodhpur, al oeste de Rajasthan, India. Éstos muestran características morfológicas características descritas anteriormente en otros famosos yacimientos fósiles ediacáricos, como los de la Formación de Fermuse (Terranova), Australia meridional y el Mar Blanco de Rusia

Impact of Socio Economic Trends on Students in Quality Education System

Awareness for quality education, studies in English medium schools, girl's education promotion, participation in activities, advance teaching pedagogy, learning by activities, expense on education, family support are current socio-economic trends. These trends influence positively quality education concept. Students are influenced by current socio-economic trends