A Product on Double Cosets of B∞B_\infty

For some infinite-dimensional groups $G$ and suitable subgroups $K$ there exists a monoid structure on the set $K\backslash G/K$ of double cosets of $G$ with respect to $K$. In this paper we show that the group $B_\infty$, of the braids with finitely many crossings on infinitely many strands, admits such a structure

My Internship at the Judith & Norman Alix Art Gallery

In her presentation on her Summer 2019 internship at the Judith and Norman Alix Art Gallery in Sarnia, Ontario, Carina focuses on the goals and outcomes, challenges, and results of her experience. Featuring photographs she took onsite, Carina discusses learning about the issues faced by museums and galleries, familiarizing herself with the gallery’s collection and reviewing exhibition catalogues, and building an exhibit. She details promoting the gallery through social media and building strong relationships with her supervisors and peers and finishes with a brief discussion of the value of art and of internships

Reflecting on That #GalleryLife

My report documents my internship experience at the Judith and Norman Alix Art Gallery in Sarnia, Ontario. The report describes the progression of my internship from the first meeting, through my internship, to the final presentation of the experience. I reflect on the behind-the-scenes experience I had at working in a prestigious local art gallery. I describe researching and crafting social media posts for the permanent collection and for a travelling exhibition. I also go on to recount my experience in creating my main deliverable: an exhibition. The report explains the development of my exhibition proposals and my presentation at an Artistic Planning Meeting. I use a creative approach in describing my experiences while being honest about my perspective and addressing my own bias. I reflect on my post-secondary education, specifically my SASAH courses, in relation to my internship and how I grow as a result of the combination. My report describes my fears at the beginning of the internship which grew to an appreciation over the course of the internship and the delivery of the final presentation

The status of women and mothers and daughters bond in the photograph of Adriana Lestido

El presente artículo realiza un análisis del ensayo fotográfico Madres e hijas (1995 – 1997) de la fotógrafa argentina Adriana Lestido. El libro explora cuatro configuraciones diferentes de la relación madre e hija en el contexto de la Argentina contemporánea. En primer lugar, siguiendo los desarrollos de Roland Barthes se indica la posibilidad de trabajar algunas fotografías desde la relación fotografía – amor –muerte, para marcar la presencia en la ausencia del vínculo materno, en el marco general de la separación como signo final de esa relación. En segundo lugar, se refiere a los desarrollos de Jacques Rancière para explorar el conjunto del ensayo como producción de una política del arte a partir de escenas de disenso sobre la condición de la feminidad y la maternidad en el mundo contemporáneo, a la luz de la posición de afirmación positiva de la diferencia sexual según lo entiende la teórica Rosi Braidotti. Finalmente, el propio artículo se produce como una experiencia estético política.This article analyzes the Adriana Lestido’s photo essay Mothers and Daughters (1995 - 1997). In the context of contemporary Argentina the book explores four different configurations of relationship between mothers and daughters. First, according to Roland Barthes developments indicated the possibility of working some pictures from the relationship photography- love - death, to mark the presence in the absence of maternal bonding in the framework of the separation as a final sign of this relationship. Second, concerns the development of Jacques Rancière to explore the entire essay as a politics of production art from scenes of dissent on the condition of femininity and motherhood in the contemporary world, in light of the position of positive affirmation of sexual difference as the theoretical Rosi Braidotti understands. Finally, the article itself is produced as a political aesthetic experience.Fil: Pagotto, María Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentin

From chameleon to tyranossaurus rex - the sociolinguist as a predator

The article discusses the relationship amonst the Theory of Variation and Change and models such as Structuralism and Generative Theory. Against the backdrop of the major controversies that inaugurated the Theory of Variation and Change itself, as well as those surrounding the work of Fernando Tarallo in Brazil, the text addresses the epistemological problem of incorporating hypotheses from other models. It assumes that these theories are incommensurable, and thus non-competing. However, it proposes an epistemological path to overcome the immobility that would result, within the scope of Variationist studies, from the awareness of this incommensurability. Basically, this path consists of taking the portions of language functioning that support the empiricism of such theoretical frameworks – common to the Variationist description – and re-signifying the relationship proposed within the Structural or Generative framework of origin not as the effect of a rule that responds to abstract concepts that only make sense within each frame, but as a force that acts within the scope of the functioning of language

Relationship among the different stages of early childhood caries and microbiological composition of dental biofilm in preschool children from 36 to 60 months old : a longitudinal study

Orientador: Marinês Nobre dos Santos UchôaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: Levantamentos epidemiológicos têm mostrado que a cárie precoce da infância (CPI) é altamente prevalente no Brasil e no mundo, apresentando-se como um problema de saúde pública, o que enfatiza a importância de se pesquisar os fatores relacionados à etiologia e à identificação de crianças que possam desenvolver a CPI. Esta tese é composta por um capítulo, cujo objetivo foi avaliar a composição microbiológica do biofilme dentário formado sobre lesões de manchas brancas ativas ou sobre lesões de cárie cavitadas, bem como avaliar a presença de biofilme visível na região anterossuperior dos dentes e as variáveis sociais que poderiam exercer influência nos diferentes estágios da doença. Assim, neste estudo longitudinal de um ano, foram avaliados 51 pré-escolares de ambos os sexos, que frequentaram creches e pré-escolas municipais na cidade de Piracicaba-SP (Brasil). As crianças foram divididas nos seguintes grupos, de acordo com os diferentes estágios da CPI, avaliados de acordo com o critério de diagnóstico proposto por Séllos e Soviero (2011): grupo livre de cárie (LC) (grupo controle) (n=17), grupo lesão de mancha branca ativa (LMB) (n=7) e grupo lesão de cárie cavitada (LCC) (n=27). No biofilme dentário, foram dosadas as quantidades de Actinomyces naeslundii, Bifidobacterium spp., Streptococcus mutans, Veillonella spp. e grupo dos comensais (pela dosagem do grupo Streptococcus mitis e Streptococcus gordonii) por qPCR (quantificação em tempo real pela reação em cadeia da polimerase). Todas as crianças foram submetidas ao exame clínico para avaliação da presença de biofilme visível nos incisivos superiores e para a realização do diagnóstico de cárie. Os responsáveis preencheram um questionário para a obtenção dos dados relacionados às variáveis comportamentais (renda familiar e grau de instrução materno). Os dados foram analisados pelos testes do qui-quadrado /exato de Fisher, seguidos de regressão logística múltipla (?=0,05), com dados expressos por razão de chances (odds-ratio-OR). A prevalência de cárie precoce na infância encontrada no baseline (tempo zero) foi de 48,7%, com dados de ceos de 4,05 (± 7,33) e ceod de 2,68 (± 4,06). Os fatores relacionados às variáveis comportamentais não apresentaram diferença estatística significativa entre os grupos avaliados. Os resultados sugerem que altos níveis de S. mutans (OR = 15,3) mostraram uma associação significativa com o estágio inicial da doença. Além disso, altos níveis de S. mutans (OR = 45,5) (p< 0,05). e presença de biofilme visível na região anterossuperior dos dentes (OR = 13,1) apresentaram associação significativa com o estágio de cavitação da doença (p < 0,05).Altos níveis de S. mutans sobre lesões de cárie ativa, assim como sobre lesões cavitadas, são fatores relevantes para o início e progressão da CPI. A presença de biofilme clinicamente visível é um importante parâmetro clínico para progressão da CPIAbstract: Epidemiological surveys have shown that the early childhood caries (ECC) is highly prevalent in Brazil and worldwide, and is considered a public health problem. These evidences emphasize the importance of studying the factors related to the etiology and identification of children who may develop the disease. This thesis consists of a chapter, that aimed to evaluate the microbiological composition of dental biofilm formed over active early caries lesion and cavitated caries lesion, as well as the presence of visible biofilm in the upper anterior teeth and behavioral factors that could influence the different stages of the disease. Thus, in this longitudinal study of one year, 51 preschoolers of both genders who attended kindergartens and municipal preschools in the city of Piracicaba-SP (Brazil) were evaluated. Children were divided into the following groups, assessed by the caries diagnostic proposed by Séllos and Soviero (2011): caries-free group (CF; n=17) (control group), group with the early stage of caries (ECL; n=7) and group with cavitated caries lesions (CCL; n=27). The relative quantification of Actinomyces naeslundii, Bifidobacterium spp., Streptococcus mutans, Veillonella spp. and commensal group (Streptococcus mitis group and Streptococcus gordonii) were quantified by qPCR (quantitative-polymerase Chain Reaction). All children underwent clinical examination to assess the presence of visible biofilm in the upper incisors and the diagnosis of caries. The parents answered a questionnaire to obtain data related to social variables (family income and maternal level of education). Results were analyzed by chi-square/Fisher's exact test, followed by stepwise backward regression (? = 0.05), with data expressed as odds ratio (OR). Forty eight percent of the children showed ECC and mean dmfs/ dmft were 4.05 (± 7.33) and 2.68 (± 4.06) respectively. No difference among groups was found regarding behavioral variables. The results demonstrated a significant association between the initial stage of the disease and high levels of S. mutans (OR = 15.3) (p <0.05). In addition, high levels of S. mutans (OR = 45.5) and the presence of visible dental biofilm in the anterior region of the upper incisors (OR = 13.1) were strongly associated with the cavitation stage of the disease (p <0.05). Conclusion: High levels of S. mutans over ECL as well as CCL are relevant factors for initiation as well as progression of ECC. The presence of visible biofilm is an important clinical parameter for ECC progressionDoutoradoOdontopediatriaDoutora em Odontologia141312/2013-0CNP

Braided surfaces and their characteristic maps

We show that branched coverings of surfaces of large enough genus arise as characteristic maps of braided surfaces, thus being $2$-prems. In the reverse direction we show that any nonabelian surface group has infinitely many finite simple nonabelian groups quotients with characteristic kernels which do not contain any simple loops and hence the quotient maps do not factor through free groups. By a pullback construction, finite dimensional Hermitian representations of braid groups provide invariants for the braided surfaces. We show that the strong equivalence classes of braided surfaces are separated by such invariants if and only if they are profinitely separated.Comment: 20

Methods, Diagnostic Criteria, Cutoff Points, and Prevalence of Sarcopenia among Older People

Aim. To identify methods, index, diagnostic criteria, and corresponding cutoff points used to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia in older people in different countries. Methods. A systematic review was carried out in accordance with PRISMA Statement. The search encompassed the MEDLINE and LILACS databases and was executed during March 2012 using the keyword sarcopenia. Results. A total of 671 studies were identified by the search strategy, and 30 meet all inclusion criteria. Specifically for dual-X-ray absorptiometry, prevalence ranged from 2.2% to 95% in men and from 0.1% to 33.9% in women. For bioelectrical impedance analysis, the range was from 6.2% to 85.4% in men and 2.8% to 23.6% in women. Regarding anthropometric and computed tomography, prevalence rates were, respectively, 14.1% and 55.9%. Conclusions. Heterogeneity in prevalence of sarcopenia was identified, due to diagnostic method choice, cutoff points, and, characteristics of the population as well as reference population. These factors should be considered in research designs to enable comparison and validation of results. Despite the limitations of most studies that indicated high prevalence rates, the results indicate the need for early detection of this syndrome

A catalogue of nuclear stellar velocity dispersions of nearby galaxies from \u2009H\u3b1 STIS spectra to constrain supermassive black hole masses

We present new measurements for the nuclear stellar velocity dispersion \u3c3* within sub-arcsecond apertures for 28 nearby galaxies. Our data consist of Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) long-slit spectra obtained with the G750M grating centred on the H\u3b1 spectral range. We fit the spectra using a library of single stellar population models and Gaussian emission lines, while constraining in most cases the stellar-population content from an initial fit to G430L STIS spectra. We illustrate how these \u3c3* measurements can be useful for constraining the mass M\u2022 of supermassive black holes (SBHs) by concentrating on the cases of the lenticular galaxies NGC 4435 and NGC 4459. These are characterized by similar ground-based half-light radii stellar velocity dispersion \u3c3e values but remarkably different M\u2022 as obtained from modelling their central ionized-gas kinematics, where NGC 4435 appears to host a significantly undermassive SBH compared to what is expected from the M\u2022 - \u3c3e relation. For both galaxies, we build Jeans axisymmetric dynamical models to match the ground-based stellar kinematics obtained with Spectrographic Areal Unit for Research on Optical Nebulae integral-field spectrograph, including an SBH with M\u2022 value as predicted by the M\u2022 - \u3c3e relation and using high-resolution HST images taken with the Advanced Camera for Surveys to construct the stellar-mass model. By mimicking the HST observing conditions we use such reference models to make a prediction for the nuclear \u3c3* value. Whereas this was found to agree with our nuclear \u3c3* measurement for NGC 4459, for NGC 4435 the observed \u3c3* is remarkably smaller than the predicted one, which further suggests that this galaxy could host an undermassive SBH