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Longitudinal Assessment of Cognitive Function by Clock Drawing in Older Adults
www.karger.com/dee This is an Open Access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License (www.karger.com/OA-license), applicable to the online version of the article only. Distribution for non-commercial purposes only
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Cerebral Microbleeds in a Stroke Prevention Clinic.
The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a stroke clinic in stroke prevention and progression of cerebral microbleeds (CMB). We conducted a retrospective observational study of patients who visited a stroke clinic between January 2011 and March 2017. Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) MRI studies were obtained at baseline and follow-up visits to identify new infarctions and CMB progression. Patients with CMB who also underwent brain computed tomography (CT) imaging were identified and their cerebral arterial calcification was quantified to evaluate the relationship between the extent of intracranial calcification and CMB burden. A total of 64 stroke patients (mean age 73.1 ± 11.0, 47% males) had CMB on baseline and follow-up MRI studies. During a mean follow-up period of 22.6 months, four strokes occurred (4/64, 6%; 3 ischemic, 1 hemorrhagic), producing mild neurological deficit. Progression of CMB was observed in 54% of patients with two MRIs and was significantly associated with length of follow-up. Subjects with intracranial calcification score > 300 cm3 had higher CMB count than those with scores <300 cm3 at both baseline (12.6 ± 11.7 vs. 4.9 ± 2.2, p = 0.02) and follow-up (14.1 ± 11.8 vs. 5.6 ± 2.4, p = 0.03) MRI evaluations. Patients with CMB had a relatively benign overall clinical course. The association between CMB burden and intracranial calcification warrants further study
Virial series for inhomogeneous fluids applied to the Lennard-Jones wall-fluid surface tension at planar and curved walls
We formulate a straightforward scheme of statistical mechanics for
inhomogeneous systems that includes the virial series in powers of the activity
for the grand free energy and density distributions. There, cluster integrals
formulated for inhomogeneous systems play a main role. We center on second
order terms that were analyzed in the case of hard-wall confinement, focusing
in planar, spherical and cylindrical walls. Further analysis was devoted to the
Lennard-Jones system and its generalization the 2k-k potential. For this
interaction potentials the second cluster integral was evaluated analytically.
We obtained the fluid-substrate surface tension at second order for the planar,
spherical and cylindrical confinement. Spherical and cylindrical cases were
analyzed using a series expansion in the radius including higher order terms.
We detected a dependence of the surface tension for the
standard Lennard-Jones system confined by spherical and cylindrical walls, no
matter if particles are inside or outside of the hard-walls. The analysis was
extended to bending and Gaussian curvatures, where exact expressions were also
obtained.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figure
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