24 research outputs found

    Queima-do-fio em ipecacuanha (Psychotria ipecacuanha).

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    A ipeca (Psychotria ipecacuanha) Ă© um subarbusto pertencente Ă  famĂ­lia Rubiacea que pode atingir 30 cm de altura. Nativa das regiĂ”es sombrias e Ășmidas das florestas tropicais da AmĂ©rica, possui alto valor comercial pelo uso farmacolĂłgico ligado ao seu grande poder emĂ©tico e amebicida, sendo muito usada no tratamento antidiarrĂ©ico, amebicida, expectorante e antiinflamatĂłrio. É uma espĂ©cie de exportação, de grande demanda, tendo o Brasil como principal exportador. Este trabalho teve como objetivo registrar a ocorrĂȘncia de uma doença provocando queima nas folhas de plantas de ipeca pertencentes ao Banco Ativo de Germoplasma (BAG) de Plantas Medicinais e AromĂĄticas da Embrapa AmazĂŽnia Oriental, observada no final do perĂ­odo chuvoso, em junho de 2015. O levantamento foi feito em trĂȘs canteiros de ipeca, com 22 acessos cada, observando-se 17,58% de plantas atacadas. Plantas com sintomas da doença e sinais do patĂłgeno foram levadas ao LaboratĂłrio de Fitopatologia da Embrapa AmazĂŽnia Oriental, para anĂĄlise. As plantas atacadas apresentavam rizomorfas de coloração marrom escuro ao longo dos ramos e folhas, iniciando pelas mais velhas, provocando o secamento total da planta. A doença foi identificada como queima-do-fio, provocada pelo fungo Ceratobasidium sp

    Crescimento micelial de Colletotrichum sp. isolado de sumaumeira em diferentes regimes de luz e meio de cultura.

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    A planta da sumaumeira (Ceiba pentandra), pertencente Ă  famĂ­lia Bombacaceae, Ă© mundialmente conhecida por suas mĂșltiplas utilidades e qualidade da madeira. No entanto, essa cultura pode ser atacada, na fase de viveiro, por fitopatĂłgenos que prejudicam o desenvolvimento e a qualidade das mudas. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da luminosidade e de diferentes meios de cultura no crescimento micelial in vitro de Colletotrichum sp., patĂłgeno isolado de folhas de mudas de sumaumeira . Foram testados os meios de cultura BDA, Extrato de Malte e V8, em placas de Petri, no centro das quais foram colocados discos de micĂ©lio do patĂłgeno, sendo mantidas Ă  temperatura de 25±2 ÂșC, sob os regimes de luminosidade claro contĂ­nuo, escuro contĂ­nuo e alternado (12 horas claro/ 12 horas escuro). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 3x3, com cinco repetiçÔes. Foi avaliado o diĂąmetro das colĂŽnias e calculado o Índice de Velocidade de Crescimento Micelial (IVCM) do patĂłgeno. O maior IVCM do patĂłgeno foi observado no meio V8, sob regime claro contĂ­nuo, quando comparados aos demais tratamentos, sendo estas condiçÔes as mais indicadas para futuros estudos que envolvam o cultivo de Colletortrichum sp

    NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

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    Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset

    Amazonia Camtrap: a data set of mammal, bird, and reptile species recorded with camera traps in the Amazon forest.

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    Abstract : The Amazon forest has the highest biodiversity on Earth. However, information on Amazonian vertebrate diversity is still deficient and scatteredacross the published, peer-reviewed, and gray literature and in unpublishedraw data. Camera traps are an effective non-invasive method of surveying vertebrates, applicable to different scales of time and space. In this study, we organized and standardized camera trap records from different Amazonregions to compile the most extensive data set of inventories of mammal,bird, and reptile species ever assembled for the area. The complete data setcomprises 154,123 records of 317 species (185 birds, 119 mammals, and13 reptiles) gathered from surveys from the Amazonian portion of eightcountries (Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru,Suriname, and Venezuela). The most frequently recorded species per taxawere: mammals:Cuniculus paca (11,907 records); birds: Pauxi tuberosa (3713 records); and reptiles:Tupinambis teguixin(716 records). The infor-mation detailed in this data paper opens up opportunities for new ecological studies at different spatial and temporal scales, allowing for a moreaccurate evaluation of the effects of habitat loss, fragmentation, climatechange, and other human-mediated defaunation processes in one of themost important and threatened tropical environments in the world. The data set is not copyright restricted; please cite this data paper when usingits data in publications and we also request that researchers and educator sinform us of how they are using these data
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