Evaluation of Wound Healing Properties of Bioactive Fractions from the Extract of Butea monosperma (Lam) Stem Bark.

The study aims to evaluate the wound healing properties of bioactive fractions from the extract of Butea monosperma (Lam) stem bark. In this study the stem bark powder was extracted with ethanol, further the ethanolic extract was fractionated with different solvents (petroleum ether, benzene, chloroform and acetone) in increasing order of polarity. Thus prepared extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis. The wound healing activity of the ethanolic extract and the fractions isolated from the stem bark of Butea monosperma were evaluated in excision, incision and dead space wound healing models using Albino wistar rats. The wound healing activity was assessed by the breaking strength in case of incision wounds, epithelialization and wound contraction in case of excision wound and granulation tissue dry weight, breaking strength and hydroxyproline content in case of dead space wound. The ethanolic extract and the acetone fraction showed the significant wound healing activity on all three wound models. The phytochemical investigations revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, phenolic compounds and steroids. The increased rate of wound contraction and hydroxyproline content in the ethanolic extract and the acetone fraction treated animals provides a scientific base to the ethno medicinal use of Butea monosperma, which is largely attributable to the additive or synergistic effect of their constituents. Keywords: Butea monosperma, Dead space wound, Excision wound, Incision wound

Evaluation of Wound Healing Properties of Bioactive Fractions from the Extract of Butea monosperma (Lam) Stem Bark.

The study aims to evaluate the wound healing properties of bioactive fractions from the extract of Butea monosperma (Lam) stem bark. In this study the stem bark powder was extracted with ethanol, further the ethanolic extract was fractionated with different solvents (petroleum ether, benzene, chloroform and acetone) in increasing order of polarity. Thus prepared extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis. The wound healing activity of the ethanolic extract and the fractions isolated from the stem bark of Butea monosperma were evaluated in excision, incision and dead space wound healing models using Albino wistar rats. The wound healing activity was assessed by the breaking strength in case of incision wounds, epithelialization and wound contraction in case of excision wound and granulation tissue dry weight, breaking strength and hydroxyproline content in case of dead space wound. The ethanolic extract and the acetone fraction showed the significant wound healing activity on all three wound models. The phytochemical investigations revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, phenolic compounds and steroids. The increased rate of wound contraction and hydroxyproline content in the ethanolic extract and the acetone fraction treated animals provides a scientific base to the ethno medicinal use of Butea monosperma, which is largely attributable to the additive or synergistic effect of their constituents. Keywords: Butea monosperma, Dead space wound, Excision wound, Incision wound

Exploring the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-cancer compounds from the leaves of Acalypha indica

Abstract: Acalypha indica (Euphorbiaceae) is commonly known as Indian Copperleaf and India

Knock-in mice expressing a 15-lipoxygenating Alox5 mutant respond differently to experimental inflammation than reported mice

Arachidonic acid 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes. We recently created knock-in mice (Alox5-KI) which express an arachidonic acid 15-lipoxygenating Alox5 mutant instead of the 5-lipoxygenating wildtype enzyme. These mice were leukotriene deficient but exhibited an elevated linoleic acid oxygenase activity. Here we characterized the polyenoic fatty acid metabolism of these mice in more detail and tested the animals in three different experimental inflammation models. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), Alox5-KI mice displayed an earlier disease onset and a significantly higher cumulative incidence rate than wildtype controls but the clinical score kinetics were not significantly different. In dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis (DSS) and in the chronic constriction nerve injury model (CCI), Alox5-KI mice performed like wildtype controls with similar genetic background. These results were somewhat surprising since in previous loss-of-function studies targeting leukotriene biosynthesis (Alox5(-/-) mice, inhibitor studies), more severe inflammatory symptoms were observed in the EAE model but the degree of inflammation in DSS colitis was attenuated. Taken together, our data indicate that these mutant Alox5-KI mice respond differently in two models of experimental inflammation than Alox5(-/-) animals tested previously in similar experimental setups

Biocontrol strain of Bacillus subtilis AF 1 rapidly induces lipoxygenase in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) compared to crown rot pathogen Aspergillus niger

Metabolic products of polyunsaturated fatty acids have been variously implicated in control of microbial pathogens. Induced resistance has been shown as one of the mechanisms of biological control by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). This paper reports a significant lipoxygenase (LOX) activity in groundnut seedlings with production of 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HPODE) and 13-hydroperoxyoctadecatrienoic acid (13-HPOTrE) as major products with linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA), respectively. Both the hydroperoxides are inhibitory to the growth of Aspergillus niger as measured in micro titer plates. Ours is the first report on induction of LOX activities in groundnut on treatment with a PGPR strain Bacillus subtilis AF 1, and with crown-rot pathogen, A. niger. Treatment with B. subtilis AF 1 enhanced LOX levels in groundnut similarly but earlier to A. niger – treatment. This induction of LOX during activation of growth and pathogen infection was discussed in light of the reported involvement of LOX both in growth and development as well as in plant-pathogen interaction, particularly induced disease resistance

Synthesis of [2-(3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2<i style="">H</i>-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6- carbonyl)-1<i style="">H</i>-indol-3-yl]acetic acids as potential COX-2 inhibitors

2128-2132The synthesis of potential COX-2 inhibitors by means of internal Michael addition of ortho toluenesulfonylaminophenyl acrylic acid methyl esters 5a-d with 6-(chloroacetyl)-2H-1,4-bezoxazin-4H-ones 6a-c followed by hydrolysis resulting in the formation of [2-(3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-6-carbonyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]acetic acids 1a-k are reported