Protective effect of dexmedetomidine in a rat model of alpha-naphthylthioureae-induced acute lung injury

WOS: 000310450300064PubMed: 22445456Background: We assessed the effects of dexmedetomidine in a rat model of alpha-naphthylthiourea (ANTU)-induced acute lung injury. Methods: Forty Wistar Albino male rats weighing 200-240 g were divided into 5 groups (n = 8 each), including a control group. Thus, there were one ANTU group and three dexmedetomidine groups (10-, 50-, and 100- mu g/kg treatment groups), plus a control group. The control group provided the normal base values. The rats in the ANTU group were given 10 mg/kg of ANTU intraperitoneally and the three treatment groups received 10, 50, or 100 mu g/kg of dexmedetomidine intraperitoneally 30 min before ANTU application. The rat body weight (BW), pleural effusion (PE), and lung weight (LW) of each group were measured 4 h after ANTU administration. The histopathologic changes were evaluated using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Results: The mean PE, LW, LW/BW, and PE/BW measurements in the ANTU group were significantly greater than in the control groups and all dexmedetomidine treatment groups (P < 0.05). There were also significant decreases in the mean PE, LW, LW/BW and PE/BW values in the dexmedetomidine 50-mu g/kg group compared with those in the ANTU group (P < 0.01). The inflammation, hemorrhage, and edema scores in the ANTU group were significantly greater than those in the control or dexmedetomidine 50-mu g/kg group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine treatment has demonstrated a potential benefit by preventing ANTU-induced acute lung injury in an experimental rat model. Dexmedetomidine could have a potential protective effect on acute lung injury in intensive care patients. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Zonguldak Karaelmas University's Office of Research and Sponsored ProgramsBulent Ecevit UniversityThe authors would like to thank Dr. E. Schilliger from Schering AG, Berlin, Germany, for his gift of a-naphthylthiourea (Interchem). We thank Hasan Tahsin Yilmaz and Bayram Cakan for their assistance in the Animal Research Laboratory. This study was supported by intramural funding from the Zonguldak Karaelmas University's Office of Research and Sponsored Programs

Protective effect of dexmedetomidine in a rat model of alpha-naphthylthioureae-induced acute lung injury

Background: We assessed the effects of dexmedetomidine in a rat model of alpha-naphthylthiourea (ANTU)-induced acute lung injury

Does preincisional injection of levobupivacaine with epinephrine have any benefits for children undergoing tonsillectomy? An intraindividual evaluation

Objective: To evaluate the effects of peritonsillar injection of levobupivacaine with epinephrine in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy, through an intraindividual study

Tramadol as an adjunct for levobupivacaine in axillary plexus blockade: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study

Aim: To evaluate the effect of tramadol addition to levobupivacaine in axillary plexus blockade in a prospective, randomized double-blind study

Effect of Sevoflurane–Nitrous Oxide Induction on the Incidence of Rocuronium Injection Pain in Adults

Objective: This randomized, prospective study was designed to investigate the effect of sevoflurane-nitrous oxide application on the incidence of the hand/arm withdrawal movement caused by rocuronium injection

Effect of Sevoflurane-Nitrous Oxide Induction on the Incidence of Rocuronium Injection Pain in Adults

Objective: This randomized, prospective study was designed to investigate the effect of sevoflurane-nitrous oxide application on the incidence of the hand/arm withdrawal movement caused by rocuronium injection

The effects of dexmedetomidine dosage on cerebral vasospasm in a rat subarachnoid haemorrhage model

We investigated the effect of two different doses of dexmedetomidine on vasospasm in a rat model of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). SAH was induced by injecting 0.3 mL blood into the cisterna magna in all rat groups except the control (Group C). At 1 hour and 24 hours after SAH, 5 mu g/kg dexmedetomidine was given to group D5, and 10 mu g/kg dexmedetomidine was given to group D10. No medication was administered to the haemorrhage group (Group H). Malondialdehyde (MDA) and paraoxonase (PUN) levels were measured at 48 hours after SAH. Mean wall thickness (MWT), mean luminal diameter (MLD), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression of the basilar artery were evaluated. MDA levels and MWT were lower in the dexmedetomidine groups. The lowest MDA levels and MWT were found in Group D10. The MLD was lowest in Group H. PCNA expression was observed only in Group D10. We concluded that dexmedetomidine reduces oxidative stress and vasospasm following SAH in a dose-dependent manner. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Nitrous Oxide and Nitrous Oxide-Free Low-Flow Anesthesia Using Bispectral Index Monitoring: Effects on Hemodynamics, Recovery Times, Volatile Anesthetic Consumption and Costs

Aim: In this study, we aimed to compare the effects of desflurane-N2O and desflurane-fentanyl combinations on hemodynamics, recovery times, volatile anesthetic consumption and costs in low-flow desflurane anesthesia by bispectral index (BIS) monitoring of depth of anesthesia

Preoperative Abnormal P and QTc Dispersion Intervals in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

We evaluated P wave dispersion (Pwd), QT, corrected QT (QTc), QT dispersion, and corrected QT dispersion (QTcd) intervals in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Patients scheduled to undergo elective noncardiac surgery were included in the study. The main diagnoses, anthropometric measurements, waist circumferences, body mass index, electrocardiograms, serum levels of electrolytes, glucose, and lipids were recorded for all patients. QTc, QTcd intervals were determined with the Bazett formula. MetS (group M, n = 36) was diagnosed using the Adult Treatment Panel III. Controls (group C, n = 40) were chosen on the basis of patients with no MetS and matched for age and gender. There were no differences between groups in terms of age, sex, or serum electrolyte levels (P > 0.05). Waist circumferences, body mass index, serum glucose, and triglyceride values in group M were significantly higher than those in group C (P < 0.001). In group M, Pwd, QTc, QT dispersion and QTcd intervals were significantly longer than those in group C (P < 0.001). This finding and our retrospective analysis suggest that these patients may be at greater risk of perioperative arrhythmias. (Anesth Analg 2011;112:824-7