REPORT SUMMARISING THE LITERATURE REVIEW for Selection of Representative Syngas Compositions including Organic and Inorganic Contaminants

Within the BLAZE project, an SOFC from SOLIDpower will be integrated with a bubbled fluidised bed steam gasifier developed by UNIVAQ, USGM and WALTER TOSTO. This report has been made in order to understand if there are potential risks if the producer gas is fed to the SOFC. After an introduction in chapter 2, the current level of understanding what will be the gas quality, considering both relatively clean biomass feedstock (e.g. almond shells) and relatively dirty biodegradable waste (e.g. municipal solid waste) are considered and will be given in chapter 3. Then, chapter 4 summarises in a broad sense what is known about the operation of SOFCs with carbonaceous gases as well as the impact of contaminants that might exist in bio-syngas arriving from a BFB steam gasifier. Chapter 5 concludes with giving recommendations about the experiments that need to be carried out in work package 3 in order to successfully demonstrate the integrated system in WP 6. This deliverable is related to milestone MS3 “Selection of the test conditions for the experimental work” The indicators of success are the identification of at least 5 experimental and 5 simulative international peer reviewed papers on gasifiers/hot gas conditioning systems in order to select at least 2 representative compositions and 2 organic and 3 inorganic representative contaminants levels. This report identified 83 papers (mostly experimental) instead of 10, and 1 representative composition (owing to the decision to focus only on the steam gasification tested at pilot scale) and 2 organic (toluene and naphthalene) and 3 inorganic (H2S, KCl; HCl) representative contaminants levels

Lange diertransporten: extra eisen fitheid onnodig

In opdracht van het ministerie van Economische Zaken is onderzoek gedaan naar specifieke problemen bij het bepalen van de geschiktheid van dieren voor lange transporten. Ook is gekeken of er voor deze transporten hogere eisen gesteld moeten worden aan de fitheid van de dieren

Kwaliteit ruwvoer heeft enige invloed op vruchtbaarheid en celgetal

Op bedrijven met goed ruwvoer lijkt het diermanagement beter. Het belang van mineralen in ruwvoer lijkt beperkt voor vruchtbaarheid en celgetal

Schommelingen in melkproducties per melking

Uit PR-onderzoek blijkt dat bij lange melkintervallen de melkproductie lager is. Vooral bij hoge melkgiften is dit effect duidelijk. Ook bij een interval van 10 en 14 uur is er al een daling in productie. Bij de huidige hoge melkproductieniveaus moet het melkinterval niet teveel oplopen

Moderne huisvesting melkvee

Brochure met praktische adviezen om de melkveehouder op een overzichtelijke en prikkelende manier te informeren over een goede huisvesting van melkvee waarmee het welzijn van de koeien verbeterd kan worden. Er wordt nader ingegaan op regelgeving en subsidies, erfinrichting, de uitvoering van de ligboxenstal, het melken en stalsysteme

Audio driver

An audio driver comprising a diaphragm (101, 103) with a first side and a second side. The diaphragm (101, 103) is coupled to a transducer element (109, 111) on the second side and is arranged to radiate sound. The transducer element (109, 111) converts an electrical input signal into movement of the diaphragm (101, 103). The diaphragm (101, 103) is arranged such that a part of the diaphragm (103) at least partly forms a cavity (113) at the second side and an air conduit (115) is coupled to the cavity (113). The air conduit (115) has a first opening (117) into the cavity and a second opening (119) outside the cavity (113). The air conduit (115) and cavity (113) form a resonator which has a resonance frequency that is less than half a free air acoustic resonance frequency of the audio driver.; The invention may allow simultaneous sound production and an acoustic air flow generation while maintaining an efficient decoupling between the two functionalities

Tegenvallende drachtigheid veestapel lagekostenbedrijf

Dit artikel gaat in op de vruchtbaarheid en de conditie van de dieren

Sensing of inspiration events from speech:comparison of deep learning and linguistic methods

Respiratory chest belt sensor can be used to measure the respiratory rate and other respiratory health parameters. Virtual Respiratory Belt, VRB, algorithms estimate the belt sensor waveform from speech audio. In this paper we compare the detection of inspiration events (IE) from respiratory belt sensor data using a novel neural VRB algorithm and the detections based on time-aligned linguistic content. The results show the superiority of the VRB method over word pause detection or grammatical content segmentation. The comparison of the methods show that both read and spontaneous speech content has a significant amount of ungrammatical breathing, that is, breathing events that are not aligned with grammatically appropriate places in language. This study gives new insights into the development of VRB methods and adds to the general understanding of speech breathing behavior. Moreover, a new VRB method, VRBOLA, for the reconstruction of the continuous breathing waveform is demonstrated