A Moving Direction and Historical Information Assisted Fast Handover in LTE-A

Handover is one of the critical features in mobility management of Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) wireless systems. It allows the User Equipment (UE) to roam between LTE-A wireless networks. LTE-A is purely on hard handover, which may cause loss data if the handover is not fast. In this paper, an advanced technique proposed which combined between the current UE moving direction and its history information. Our proposed tracks the UE positions to discover its direction. When the UE is being near to handover area the UE starts searching in its history to return back the target cell. If the UE trajectory does not exist in its history then the UE and its serving cell start searching for target cell through using cosine function in order to select target cell.  Our proposed technique is expected to increase the throughput, reduce the packet delay and loss, and reduce the frequent handovers

Malaysia Company Law: principles and practices , 3rd edition

provides a detailed ana;lysis with practical insights into uderstandign core company law principles, incorporating amendemdnt in 2019 to the CA 2016

Malaysia company law: principles and practice

This second edition has been extensively revised and updated in light of the Companies Act 2016, which came into operation on 31 January 2017. It considers an extensive number of reported cases with extracts of significant dicta and relevant statutory provisions, combining the discussion of the Companies Act 2016 and the previous Companies Act 1965. Together with the thoughtful use of tables, diagrams and flowcharts, this publication enables readers to engage in a critical examination of the law as it is and as it ought to be. Key Features & Benefits Includes all the relevant and latest provisions relating to the Companies Act 2016 and its subsidiary legislation, Malaysian Code of Corporate Governance 2017, Malaysian Code on Take-overs and Mergers 2016 and other relevant Acts and guidelines. Complex corporate law principles are clarified simply and succinctly and where relevant, with the good use of tables, diagrams and flowcharts. Contains a huge corpus of cases linking to key principles, highlighting the relevant facts and judicial pronouncements. Provides practical insights into understanding company law. Topics Covered 1. Registration and promotion of a company 2. Incorporation, legal personality and lifting of the corporate veil 3 Company’s constitution 4. Company contracts – relationship with third parties and the authority of agents 5. Share capital and capital raising 6. Dealings and transactions involving share capital 7. Loan capital and debentures 8. Members and ownership of shares 9. Shareholders’ meetings and the decision-making process 10. Directors: Governance role, powers and functions 11. Directors’ duties: Best interests of the company and proper purpose 12. Directors’ duty to avoid conflicts of interest and self-dealing 13. Duty of care, skill and diligence and liability during insolvency 14. Majority rule and minority protection – enforcing company’s rights and members’ rights 15. Reporting obligations of a company 16. Corporate rescue: Company voluntary administration and judicial management 17. Winding u

Integration of solar dryer technologies in high value herbal crops production for Malaysia: pathway for a sustainable future

This paper embarks on the evolution of green economy approach to support the increasing food commodity expenses by adapting Solar Photovoltaic (PV) as the suitable renewable energy technology for Natural Resource Management (NRM). The crops for cash trend and continuously decreasing market price in solar technologies are highlighted with strong effort by Malaysian Government through Renewable Energy (RE) policy and National Key Economy Area (NKEA). Reviews on the benefits of solar dryer technologies in crop production and agro-business are presented with highlights on high value herbal crops (HVHc) and some potentials of high-performance solar dryer technology

Field evaluation of five-level heat dissipation models under PV array structure installed in the tropics

The intermittent drawbacks due to fluctuating temperature factor inside photovoltaic (PV) cells have clearly affected the overall energy performance especially in stochastic weather conditions. Temperature element in the tropical regions is a crucial factor to be determined based on Standard Testing Condition (STC) and Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) correlations. Based on the crucial implication of heat dissipation, this study shares some insights of five level heat contour covering the surrounding temperature, PV surface temperature, PV bottom temperature and 2-level of two feet height located under PV array. The field data in real-time approach has been brought up in line to support the energy balance modelling for PV applications with localized heat contour analysis using statistical evaluations. The regression analysis of the 3471 data sampling for the period of 5 days (7AM till 7 PM) produces very good results with correlation coefficient, R2 = 0.97

Field assessment for photovoltaic array as herbal plots based on bioactive compounds analysis

Introduction of renewable energy resources especially Solar Photovoltaic (PV) supports the green economy requirements. Solar PV technologies have become the most prominent green energy resources towards Malaysia energy mix by the year 2020. Despite the significant reduction of carbon emission, Solar PV farm requires a huge open area for electricity generation and furthermore, the space under each of the PV arrays are not utilised for any economical activities. This study extents the potentials PV arrays as herbal plots with Orthosiphon Stamineus deposited directly under the array structures without any disturbances to the PV operation. The aims of this work are to conduct sampling tests to determine the yield of crude extraction from the herbs by using the soxhlet extraction method, characterizing the phenolic compound and identifying the potential of bioactive compound from the extracts. Laboratory result shows that the highest crude extraction was 16.992% which is at par with samples from naturally grown locations. The highest Total Phenolic Content (TPC) of extract are recorded at 844.83 GAE/100g by using 70:30 ratio of methanol to water concentration ratio and 720 minutes of extraction time

Vibrational Damping Behaviors Of Graphene Nanoplatelets Reinforced NR/EPDM Nanocomposites

Vibrational damping behaviors of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) reinforced natural rubber/ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (NR/EPDM) were investigated. The nanocomposites were prepared through melt compounding using a Haake internal mixer. In this study, GNPs reinforced NR/EPDM nanocomposites were characterized for damping properties towards the effect of GNPs loading (1, 3 and 5 wt%) and chitosan-functionalization. The results indicate the addition of GNPs have significantly improved both log decrement and damping ratio values correlated to the enhanced damping property of the nanocomposites. Chitosan-functionalized GNPs seem to slightly hamper the increase of damping properties contributed by incorporation of GNPs in NR/EPDM blends. These findings were further supported by thermal and morphological studies through dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. The storage modulus, loss modulus and tan δ showed good agreement with the vibrational damping test. Meanwhile, TEM analysis revealed the existence of intercalated and exfoliated structure of GNPs in NR/EPDM matrix which resulted in improved vibration damping properties of the nanocomposites for the potential used as vibration insulator

Weight Loss By Soil Burial Degradation Of Green Natural Rubber Vulcanizates Modified By Tapioca Starch

The weight loss of soil degraded natural rubber vulcanizates modified by tapioca starch was investigated. The samples were prepared by melt compounding using a Haake internal mixer at different tapioca starch loading of 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 phr. The samples were exposed to soil burial testing for duration of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Then, the weight loss was measured using the difference in weight before and after the testing. The mass reduction was observed to be proportionately increased with the increment of tapioca starch loadings and prolonged soil burial duration. The rate of degradations observed was supported with morphological characteristics of the vulcanizates. This study is highly significant towards the development of green natural rubber composites by incorporation of tapioca starch