AWARENESS OF LATVIAN PREGNANT WOMEN ABOUT THE SAFETY OF MEDICINES DURING THE CHILD'S EXPECTATION

Worldwide studies on the safety of medicines for pregnant women show that most women know which medicines to avoid during pregnancy. However, a large number of women are not aware that the use of medication during pregnancy can lead to adverse events. This type of studies has not been conducted in Latvia yet. The aim of this work is to find out the level of awareness among pregnant women in Latvia about the safety of the use of different medications during pregnancy, in order to clarify the ways of improving it. Quantitative and qualitative research methods have been used in this study. Between September 2018 and December 2019, 606 women were surveyed. Expert interviews led to conclusions on improving the education of pregnant women and pharmacy assistants. About 75% of women have been taking medicines during pregnancy. Usually it was 2-3 medicinal products. Approximately 10% used 4 or more medicines. Most women surveyed are not aware that the use of medications during the second and third trimesters can have a negative effect on the mother or baby. Most women (78%) wouldn’t use medications without a doctor's advice, but 17% would if they consulted a pharmacist. Obtained results on the awareness of pregnant women showed that it is important to improve their knowledge of the safety of medicines. This can be achieved by improving the education program for pharmacy assistant pharmacists. A focus group discussion has been organised on this matter.

Research of computerization and implementation of the E-prescription for individual pharmacies

The paper deals with establishment, implementation and development of electronic prescription or e-Prescription in context with e-Health solutions. It includes introduction of a numerous innovative solutions, which are to be committed for data information flow, data management and functionality as well as of establishment of a new feasible communication forms between doctors, patients and pharmacists. The aim of the study is to describe some technical aspects and functionality of implementation of e-Prescription system for medical institutions, patients and pharmacies; and, calculation of the total cost of implementation (TCI) for Latvian individual pharmacies. Several expecting financial aspects, which have encompassed evaluation of TCI, calculating payback time, ROI, NPV, and IRR are to be calculated. On the bases of these financial calculations, the primary investment of implementation of e-Prescription for individual pharmacies and initial costs are determined. Impact on individual parts of TCI with the scope to individual pharmacy size, location, existence or absence of formal information strategy has calculated. According to collected data, research paper shows how proposed electronic system is going to implement among Latvian individual pharmacies.publishersversionPeer reviewe

The Relationship Between Head Posture and Level of Physical Activity in Office Workers

The purpose of this study was to discover the relationship between head and neck posture and level of physical activity for office workers.In our study, 66 subjects (women 28-49 age old) who work in office longer than one year, sitting would total about 6 hours per 8 hour workday. Exclusion criteria were self-report of previous significant back injury; current neck or upper back pain; or referred pain into the upper extremity (i.e. cervical radiculopathy). Informed consent was obtained from all participants. Physical activity levels were evaluated using the International PhysicalActivity Questionnaireshort form. The head posture and the craniovertebralangle wasmeasured using photogrammetry, Protractor mobile application using iPhone 6s cell phone. The cervical Range of Motion was analyzed using the inclinometer and the Neck Disability Index as an instrument for self-rated disability. The collected data were analyzed using the methods of mathematical statistics. Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship of level of physical activity with craniovertebral angle and Neck Disability Index.The results showed physical activity levelhas no correlations at all, a weak correlation to the craniovertebral angle.There is a correlation between all other head posture indicatorspublishersversionPeer reviewe

Metamodels for Optimum Design of Outer-Rotor Synchronous Reluctance Motor

A new design of synchronous reluctance motor with segment-shaped outer rotor is presented and investigated in this paper. In order to obtain correct recommendations for optimal design of the studied synchronous reluctance motor, analytical relations of motor electromagnetic parameters and geometrical dimensions (also known as metamodels) have been synthesized. Electromagnetic parameters, which have been used for metamodels synthesis, are obtained by means of magnetostatic field numerical calculations with finite element method using software QuickField.The paper includes the analysis of the studied synchronous reluctance motor geometrical parameters (stator outer diameter, height and overlap angle of rotor’s segment-shaped packages) influence on the electromagnetic torque per unit volume. Testing of synthesized metamodels shows that relative difference between the results obtained by numerical calculations and those obtained with the help of synthesized metamodels does not exceed eight percent at experimental points and intermediate points as well. The proposed optimal design of the segment-shaped outerrotor synchronous reluctance motor obtained with the help of synthesized metamodels has been compared with a salient-pole outer-rotor synchronous reluctance motor having ferromagnetic yoke with the same value of the electromagnetic torque. The comparison results of both motors show that the highest value of electromagnetic torque per unit volume can be achieved with the proposed new design of the synchronous reluctance motor with segment-shaped outer rotor

Metamodels for Optimum Design of Outer-Rotor Synchronous Reluctance Motor

A new design of synchronous reluctance motor with segment-shaped outer rotor is presented and investigated in this paper. In order to obtain correct recommendations for optimal design of the studied synchronous reluctance motor, analytical relations of motor electromagnetic parameters and geometrical dimensions (also known as metamodels) have been synthesized. Electromagnetic parameters, which have been used for metamodels synthesis, are obtained by means of magnetostatic field numerical calculations with finite element method using software QuickField

Formula Synthesis of Maximal Mechanical Torque on Volume for Cylindrical Magnetic Coupler

In this paper the influence of basic design parameters (proportionality coefficient β and permanent magnets height h) on the mechanical torque for cylindrical magnetic coupler with rounded permanent magnets is researched. Such cylindrical magnetic couplers are often used in pumps and liquid mixers. At the beginning the design parameters and their relevance are explained. The mechanical torque is calculated applying the software QuickField. In the data analysis and for the coupler comparison the division of maximal mechanical torque on volume is taken as the main characteristic. Because of the planned optimization for the calculated variants there were synthesized few formulas, from which the most suitable were found (for all researched design parameters’ ranges). The formulas are synthesized using a program, which is created by Oskars Onzevs. The program for the formula synthesis is based on regression models, and the basic principles of it are explained. All the calculations for experimental and formula data are made for magnetic coupler’s design with one pole pair number p that is equal to three

Metamodels for Optimum Design of Outer-Rotor Synchronous Reluctance Motor

A new design of synchronous reluctance motor with segment-shaped outer rotor is presented and investigated in this paper. In order to obtain correct recommendations for optimal design of the studied synchronous reluctance motor, analytical relations of motor electromagnetic parameters and geometrical dimensions (also known as metamodels) have been synthesized. Electromagnetic parameters, which have been used for metamodels synthesis, are obtained by means of magnetostatic field numerical calculations with finite element method using software QuickField. The paper includes the analysis of the studied synchronous reluctance motor geometrical parameters (stator outer diameter, height and overlap angle of rotor’s segment-shaped packages) influence on the electromagnetic torque per unit volume. Testing of synthesized metamodels shows that relative difference between the results obtained by numerical calculations and those obtained with the help of synthesized metamodels does not exceed eight percent at experimental points and intermediate points as well. The proposed optimal design of the segment-shaped outerrotor synchronous reluctance motor obtained with the help of synthesized metamodels has been compared with a salient-pole outer-rotor synchronous reluctance motor having ferromagnetic yoke with the same value of the electromagnetic torque. The comparison results of both motors show that the highest value of electromagnetic torque per unit volume can be achieved with the proposed new design of the synchronous reluctance motor with segment-shaped outer rotor

Formula Synthesis of Maximal Mechanical Torque on Volume for Cylindrical Magnetic Coupler

In this paper the influence of basic design parameters (proportionality coefficient β and permanent magnets height h) on the mechanical torque for cylindrical magnetic coupler with rounded permanent magnets is researched. Such cylindrical magnetic couplers are often used in pumps and liquid mixers. At the beginning the design parameters and their relevance are explained. The mechanical torque is calculated applying the software QuickField. In the data analysis and for the coupler comparison the division of maximal mechanical torque on volume is taken as the main characteristic. Because of the planned optimization for the calculated variants there were synthesized few formulas, from which the most suitable were found (for all researched design parameters’ ranges). The formulas are synthesized using a program, which is created by Oskars Onzevs. The program for the formula synthesis is based on regression models, and the basic principles of it are explained. All the calculations for experimental and formula data are made for magnetic coupler’s design with one pole pair number p that is equal to three

Safety Concerns Related to the Simultaneous Use of Prescription or Over-the-Counter Medications and Herbal Medicinal Products : Survey Results among Latvian Citizens

Funding Information: This work was supported by the RSU Red Cross Medical College scientific research project “The use of medicines, nutritional supplements and herbal preparations in Latvia and the associated risks to the patient’s health” (Nr. 2-30/2019/069). Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.The use of herbal medicines is increasing worldwide. While the safety profile of many herbal medicines is promising, the data in the literature show important interactions with conventional drugs that can expose individual patients to high risk. The aim of this study was to investigate the experience of the use of herbal medicines and preparations and the risks of interactions between herbal and conventional medicines among Latvian citizens. Data were collected between 2019 and 2021 using a structured questionnaire designed for pharmacy customers in Latvia. Electronic databases such as Drugs.com, Medscape, and European Union herbal monographs were reviewed for the risk of drug interactions and potential side effects when herbal medicines were involved. The survey included 504 respondents. Of all the participants, 77.8% used herbal preparations. Most of the participants interviewed used herbal remedies based on the recommendation of the pharmacist or their own initiative. A total of 38.3% found the use of herbal remedies safe and harmless, while 57.3% of respondents regarded the combination of herbal and regular drugs as unsafe. The identified herbal medicines implicated in the potential risk of serious interactions were grapefruit, St. John’s wort, and valerian. As the risks of herb–drug interactions were identified among the respondents, in the future, both pharmacy customers and healthcare specialists should pay more attention to possible herb–drug interactions of over-the-counter and prescription medications.Peer reviewe

Ilgtspejiga turisma attistiba: tendences, pieredze, iespejas Starptautiska zinatniska konference. Rakstu krajums

Abstracts in EnglishAvailable from Latvian Academic Library / LAL - Latvian Academic LibrarySIGLELVLatvi