43 research outputs found
Integrated Propulsion System
Abstract In this study an initial concept is described. This shows the possibility of connecting axially an ordinary jet engine, a ramjet engine and a scramjet engine. Furthermore rocket mode is also available in this design. The different modes can be changed by this integrated system as easily as the different modes, or nosecone stages can be changed by ordinary jet engines below and above the speed of sound. Such an engine, with the appropriate fuel can be a great step towards the one stage spacecrafts of the future, due to eliminating the problems of carrying many different engines with different fuels and oxidyzers
Integrated Propulsion System
Abstract In this study an initial concept is described. This shows the possibility of connecting axially an ordinary jet engine, a ramjet engine and a scramjet engine. Furthermore rocket mode is also available in this design. The different modes can be changed by this integrated system as easily as the different modes, or nosecone stages can be changed by ordinary jet engines below and above the speed of sound. Such an engine, with the appropriate fuel can be a great step towards the one stage spacecrafts of the future, due to eliminating the problems of carrying many different engines with different fuels and oxidyzers
Current Characteristics of the Hungarian Nurses’ Workforce
Recently WHO called attention to the growing labour shortage of healthcare staff, which can reach 12.9 million by 2035. Almost all European countries struggle with a shortage of nurses. The educational structure of nurses has also changed significantly. The aim of this overview is to review the relevant scientific literature and analyse records ofrhe Hungarian nursing registry in order to predict the nursing workforce tendencies. Relevant English and Hungarian international and national scientific literature (PubMed, Science Direct, Hungarian Medical Bibliography) were identified and illustrated with reliable data (2009–2015) from the national healthcare human resource registry and from Central Statistical Office. A qualitative appraisal was undertaken to select the proper articles by our research team. For processing data, descriptive statistics was used. Although migration of healthcare personnel in Hungary is present, however the official statistics does not mirror a dramatic exodus. The level of nursing education is based on vocational training and on higher education in Hungary. The number of novice nurses is diminishing year-by-year and those nurses who are not working in the Hungarian healthcare sector are eminent. Providing new roles for nurses, e.g., Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, can be one of the solutions for the shortage
Predictive role of neostromal CD10 expression in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Background: The therapeutic strategy of invasive breast cancer is based on routine histopathological markers (estrogen-, progesterone receptor, HER2, Ki67) routinely evaluated in tumor cells. However, the assessment of cancer stroma could influence therapeutic strategies. Studies have shown that stromal expression of CD10, a zinc-dependent metalloproteinase, is associated with biological aggressiveness of the tumor. In the present retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate stromal CD10 expression and association between CD10 expression and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in invasive breast cancer.Methods: CD10 immunohistochemistry was performed on core biopsies taken before the neoadjuvant therapy. Stromal CD10 expression was determined and compared with well-known predictive and prognostic tissue markers as well as with the following groups defined according to the degree of tumor response: no regression, partial regression, and complete regression.Results: A total of 60 locally advanced invasive breast carcinomas of “no special type” were included. The proportion of CD10 positive tumors was significantly higher in the “no regression” group compared to “complete regression” group (p = 0.000). Stromal CD10 expression was found to be significantly associated with decrease in response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. According to CD10 expression we did not find any difference in hormone receptor status, Ki67, tumor grade or neostromal area.Conclusion: Our data suggest that CD10 expression can serve as a predictive marker of the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Therefore, its inclusion into the routine assessment of biopsies to tailor tumor-specific therapeutic strategies merits consideration
A probabilistic demand side management approach by consumption admission control
Nova generacija električne mreže pod nazivom pametna mreža (Smart Grid) je nedavno zamišljena vizija čišćeg, učinkovitijeg i jeftinijeg elektroenergetskog sustava. Jedan od najvećih izazova električne mreže je da bi proizvodnja i potrošnja trebale biti uravnotežene u svakome trenutku. U radu se uvodi novi koncept za kontrolu potrošnje sredstvima automatski omogućavanih/onemogućavanih električnih aparata kako bi bili sigurni da je potrošnja usklađena s raspoloživim zalihama, na temelju statističkih karakterizacija potreba. U našem novom pristupu, umjesto uporabe tvrdih granica procjenjujemo vjerojatnost kraja distribucije potrošnje i sustava kontrole pomoću načela i rezultata statističkog upravljanja resursima.New generation electricity network called Smart Grid is a recently conceived vision for a cleaner, more efficient and cheaper electricity system. One of the major challenges of electricity network is that generation and consumption should be balanced at every moment. This paper introduces a new concept for controlling the demand side by the means of automatically enabling/disabling electric appliances to make sure that the demand is in match with the available supplies, based on the statistical characterization of the need. In our new approach instead of using hard limits we estimate the tail probability of the demand distribution and control system by using the principles and the results of statistical resource management
Clinical sequencing identifies potential actionable alterations in a high rate of urachal and primary bladder adenocarcinomas.
OBJECTIVE
Administration of targeted therapies provides a promising treatment strategy for urachal adenocarcinoma (UrC) or primary bladder adenocarcinoma (PBAC); however, the selection of appropriate drugs remains difficult. Here, we aimed to establish a routine compatible methodological pipeline for the identification of the most important therapeutic targets and potentially effective drugs for UrC and PBAC.
METHODS
Next-generation sequencing, using a 161 cancer driver gene panel, was performed on 41 UrC and 13 PBAC samples. Clinically relevant alterations were filtered, and therapeutic interpretation was performed by in silico evaluation of drug-gene interactions.
RESULTS
After data processing, 45/54 samples passed the quality control. Sequencing analysis revealed 191 pathogenic mutations in 68 genes. The most frequent gain-of-function mutations in UrC were found in KRAS (33%), and MYC (15%), while in PBAC KRAS (25%), MYC (25%), FLT3 (17%) and TERT (17%) were recurrently affected. The most frequently affected pathways were the cell cycle regulation, and the DNA damage control pathway. Actionable mutations with at least one available approved drug were identified in 31/33 (94%) UrC and 8/12 (67%) PBAC patients.
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, we developed a data-processing pipeline for the detection and therapeutic interpretation of genetic alterations in two rare cancers. Our analyses revealed actionable mutations in a high rate of cases, suggesting that this approach is a potentially feasible strategy for both UrC and PBAC treatments
Bidirectional Relationship Between Reduced Blood pH and Acute Pancreatitis: A Translational Study of Their Noxious Combination
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is often accompanied by alterations in the acid-base balance, but how blood pH influences the outcome of AP is largely unknown. We studied the association between blood pH and the outcome of AP with meta-analysis of clinical trials, and aimed to discover the causative relationship between blood pH and AP in animal models. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry databases were searched from inception to January 2017. Human studies reporting systemic pH status and outcomes (mortality rate, severity scores, and length of hospital stay) of patient groups with AP were included in the analyses. We developed a new mouse model of chronic metabolic acidosis (MA) and induced mild or severe AP in the mice. Besides laboratory blood testing, the extent of pancreatic edema, necrosis, and leukocyte infiltration were assessed in tissue sections of the mice. Thirteen studies reported sufficient data in patient groups with AP (n = 2,311). Meta-analysis revealed markedly higher mortality, elevated severity scores, and longer hospital stay in AP patients with lower blood pH or base excess (P < 0.001 for all studied outcomes). Meta-regression analysis showed significant negative correlation between blood pH and mortality in severe AP. In our mouse model, pre-existing MA deteriorated the pancreatic damage in mild and severe AP and, vice versa, severe AP further decreased the blood pH of mice with MA. In conclusion, MA worsens the outcome of AP, while severe AP augments the decrease of blood pH. The discovery of this vicious metabolic cycle opens up new therapeutic possibilities in AP
The Protective Effect of Antioxidants on Liquid and Frozen Stored Ram Semen – Review
This systematic review is focusing on the current literature in order to give an overview of the protective role of antioxidants in ram semen preservation. Throughout the sperm conservation process the unsaturated fatty acids of the spermatozoa membrane binds oxygen and evolves numerous peroxide bonds. The lipid peroxidation leads to unbalanced oxidative stress that causes different impairments of sperm cells, and acrosome loss. ,,Cold shock” also induces caspase cascade involved in apoptosis, DNA fragmentation and in overall it has a detrimental effect on the fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa. Nowadays the cryopreservation of semen is considered as a routine procedure in cattle. Despite the various advantages of the method, the recovery rate of live and intact spermatozoa still remains low in boar, dog and ram samples. Previously several studies highlighted that the addition of antioxidants could improve the survival and motility rates, because antioxidants acted as free radical scavengers and protected spermatozoa against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Enzymatic antioxidants as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and non-enzymatic antioxidant molecules like tocopherol, ascorbic acid, pyruvate, resveratrol have a protective effect against membrane damage that occurs during semen preservation process
NEW SOURCES OF EMPLOYMENT TO PROMOTE THE WEALTH-GENERATING CAPACITY OF RURAL COMMUNITIES
New Sources of Employment to Promote the Wealth-Generating Capacity of Rural Communities (acronym: RuralJobs) is a
collaborative research project partly funded under the European Commission Research and Development 7th Framework Program. The
RuralJobs consortium consists of partners drawn from eight European Union (EU) countries (Bulgaria, France, Hungary, Italy, Lithuania,
Romania, Spain and UK). The project began on February 2008 and finished in October 2010. RuralJobs quantified labour market,
demographic and economic trends, and the impact of employment creation measures and policies in seven, representative “reference areas”
across the EU, and used the information to demonstrate how rural development measures can be better targeted and how rural development
policies should evolve.We identified labour market, demographic and economic trends in rural areas across EU-27 and the potential for new
sources of employment outside traditional primary and secondary sector activities, and examined the interaction between different types of
rural area (peri-urban, remote, high environmental/amenity value etc.). We identified employment growth areas where rural development
programmes can be targeted to increase their contribution to employment creation. Our strategic objectives were the following: review of
employment policies and programmes, scenarios for new sources of employment according to rural typologies, recommendations for better
targeting of strategies, dissemination and mainstreaming. The main outcome expected is that the results will allow a better targeting of rural
development measures and future evolution of rural development policies in line with the Lisbon Strategy