UTJECAJ PRIMJENE DUŠIKA, MAGNEZIJA I ŽELJEZA NA NJIHOV SADRŽAJ U PERŠINU (Petroselinum crispum)

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different rates of N, Mg and Fe applications on the mineral content of parsley leaves. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse according to the randomized plot design with three replications. Seven N, Mg and Fe dose treatments were designed as 130, 160, 190, 220, 250, 280 and 310 kg per ha N as ammonium nitrate (33% N), 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240 and 280 kg per ha Mg as magnesium sulphate (16% MgO) and 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48 and 56 Fe kg per ha as ferrous sulphate (20% Fe). The treatments did not significantly affect phosphorus concentrations in parsley leaves. The nitrogen uptake of the plant increased in all three element applications and the highest N, K and Ca values were determined in nitrogen fertilizer applications. The nitrate amount in the leaves also increased depending on the increasing N rates. The results indicate that the most effective fertilizer in the nutrition of parsley is nitrogen fertilizers and nitrogen doses up to 310 kg per ha did not increase the nitrate amount in parsley above the permissible level.Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je analizirati učinak primjene N, Mg i Fe na sadržaj minerala u lišću peršina. Pokus je proveden u stakleniku prema nasumičnome rasporedu u tri ponavljanja. Sedam tretmana N, Mg i Fe dodano je na sljedeći način: 130, 160, 190, 220, 250, 280 i 310 kg ha-1 N kao amonijev nitrat (33% N), 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240 i 280 kg ha-1 Mg kao magnezijev sulfat (16% MgO) i 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48 i 56 kg ha-1 Fe kao željezov sulfat (20% Fe). Tretmani nisu značajno utjecali na koncentraciju fosfora u lišću peršina. Apsorpcija dušika u biljci povećala se pri primjeni svih triju elementa, a najviše vrijednosti N, K i Ca utvrđene su pri primjeni dušičnih gnojiva. Količina NO3 - N u lišću također se povećala ovisno o porastu koncentracije dodanoga dušika. Rezultati pokazuju da su u ishrani peršina dušična gnojiva najučinkovitije, a količina dušika do 310 kg ha-1 nije dovela do povećanja količine NO3 - N u lišću peršina iznad dopuštene razine

The Effect of Defense R&D on Military Capability and Technological Spillover

Generally, the purpose of defense research and development (R&D) is to expand military capability for the armed forces of a country. Any spin-off of technologies from defense R&D programs is usually not a prime motivation but more often an unintended consequence. Nevertheless, many of the technologies used in civilian life were initially research and development projects for military purposes. These technologies eventually become adapted to civilian applications since they had beneficial economic and social \u27\u27spillover\u27\u27 effects. However, there is a lack of research measuring the final outputs of defense R&D, including technology \u27\u27spin-offs.\u27\u27 This study mainly tried to understand the effect of defense R&D expenditures on military capability and technological spillover. Statistical measures such as correlations were used to understand these effects. The study revealed that there is a highly positive correlation between defense R&D expenditure and military capability, as well as between defense R&D expenditure and technological spillover index. The study contributed to the academic literature in three ways by providing: new measures of military capability, a new estimation method for defense R&D expenditures, and a new method to measure technological spillover effect from defense R&D expenditures

Konuralp: A Town Between Antiquity and Today (Türkiye)

The Anatolian geography comprises several historic buildings as components of our cultural heritage and also many urban/rural patterns which were constituted by these monuments. Konuralp is one of the most important settlement with its 2000 years history which is located on the 8 km. north of Düzce province on the western Black Sea region in Türkiye. Its history goes back to before Christ. The city’s first name “Hypios” was changed as “Kieros” and later the name turned into “Prusias” in the period of 1st. Prusias (3rd. Century B.C.) who was the king of Bithynia. After the Roman Emperor governance on this region about 74 A.D., the city was called as “Prusias ad Hypium” which signifies “Prusias on Hypium river”. The city was under the Byzantium ascendancy until the conquest of Turkish commander “Osman Gazi” in 1323 who gave the control to the commander “Konur Alp Bey”. In Ottoman period, “Üskübü” became the new name of the town but after the establishment of the Republic of Turkey, the town name was changed lastly as “Konuralp” but the inhabitants still call the town as Üskübü and also as “Kasaba” which means “town”. With its 6.000 residents, today the town cultural heritage is comprised of traditional architecture and the Greek/Roman ruins. Its Antique Theatre is located in the center of the town and has an important place with its upper cavea and scena walls which was dated to early Ancient Roman period. Besides, the ramparts from Roman and Byzantine times, a gate which was a part of the ramparts known as “Atlı Kapı”, the ruins of Byzantine and Ottoman Aqueduct are observable monumental buildings in the town. The vernacular houses in traditional architecture still exist in the danger of extinction because of urbanization policies but there are many examples of those traditional buildings which were constructed in wooden frame systems with brick or wooden filling wall systems

Can ICT Economically Catalyze a Regional GDP Per Capita Convergence? − A Case Study of Major East Asian Countries −

ICT have played a significant role in the economic growth for developed and developing countries in the world and no region has been more dynamic in recent years than East Asia, which is one of the most important geographic regions based on ICT. In this point, firstly, historical background of major East Asian countries on ICT developments is given in this study by focusing on telecommunications sector. On the other hand, we examined Gross Domestic Product （GDP） per capita income distributions of major East Asian countries in our previous study and it is observed that there are some evidences for regional convergence as a weak Beta-convergence and a strong Sigma-convergence after 1992 within homogeneous regions of major East Asian countries. Even though there have been many important empirical and theoretical studies on GDP growth related with ICT in the literature, there is no specific focusing study on how ICT can affect GDP per capita convergence among countries and its correlations with GDP per capita growths within countries. For this reason, secondly, we used a sample equation for ICT developments for each country and analyzed the correlations of unit changes within countries according to the years that played an important part resulting in regional convergence in terms of Neoclassical Growth Model. As the methodology of the study, the multiple correlation coefficient （MCC） was used by indicating the standard coefficient of correlation. Also, multiple regression analysis of the study evaluated the value of the estimations on the dependent variables by using matrix data. Finally, as the findings it is observed that there is a remarkable correlation between GDP per capita growth and ICT developments of major East Asian Countries

Karagöz oyunu

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 176-Karagöz Sanatkarlarıİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033

A comparative Study of Japan and the ROK on ICT and Economic Development: Lessons for Turkey

This study begins with the historical telecommunication backgrounds of Japan, ROK, and Turkey. These countries have similarities in the development of telecommunication sector throughout history including the privatization of the sector. However, a major dissimilarity appeared from use of the technologies and producing new technologies by the worldwide companies. The developments in ICT have strong relations with the socio-economic development of these countries. For this reason, this study focuses on; (i) economic development indicators, (ii) ICT indicators, and (iii) Principle Component Analyses. With the findings, it is aimed to find out applicable policies for Turkey. Finally, it is clearly observed that Turkey has great potential in the near future as a rapid developing country and a growing ICT market for foreign market players. However, Turkey also needs to create her own powerful and effective worldwide companies

Detection of reactive oxygen metabolites in malignant and adjacent normal tissues of patients with lung cancer

BACKGROUND: Different types of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs) are known to be involved in carcinogenesis. Several studies have emphasized the formation of ROMs in ischemic tissues and in cases of inflammation. The increased amounts of ROMs in tumor tissues can either be because of their causative effects or because they are produced by the tumor itself. Our study aimed to investigate and compare the levels of ROMs in tumor tissue and adjacent lung parenchyma obtained from patients with lung cancer. METHODS: Fifteen patients (all male, mean age 63.6 ± 9 years) with non-small cell lung cancer were enrolled in the study. All patients were smokers. Of the patients with lung cancer, twelve had epidermoid carcinoma and three had adenocarcinoma. During anatomical resection of the lung, tumor tissue and macroscopically adjacent healthy lung parenchyma (control) that was 5 cm away from the tumor were obtained. The tissues were freshly frozen and stored at −20°C. The generation of ROMs was monitored using luminol- and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) techniques. RESULTS: Both luminol (specific for (.)OH, H(2)O(2), and HOCl(-)) and lucigenin (selective for O(2)(.-)) CL measurements were significantly higher in tumor tissues than in control tissues (P <0.001). Luminol and lucigenin CL measurements were 1.93 ± 0.71 and 2.5 ± 0.84 times brighter, respectively, in tumor tissues than in the adjacent parenchyma (P = 0.07). CONCLUSION: In patients with lung cancer, all ROM levels were increased in tumor tissues when compared with the adjacent lung tissue. Because the increase in lucigenin concentration, which is due to tissue ischemia, is higher than the increase in luminol, which is directly related to the presence and severity of inflammation, ischemia may be more important than inflammation for tumor development in patients with lung cancer

A Statistical Analysis of lCT Developments and Regional GDP per capita Convergence in Major East Asian Countries

The remarkable development in [CT (Information and Communication Technology) was observed in the past decades that it has an increasing impact on economic and social activities in the wurld. Similarly, [CT have had a significant role in the economic growth for developed and developing countries. Therefore, no region has been more dynamic in recent years than East Asia, which is one of the most important geugraphic regions based un [CT. Addit.iunally, focusing on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita income distributions of East Asian countries in this study, it is also aimed to show that lCT and its components are closely linked with socio"economic components in macro and micro level, especially with GDP per capita components. In this regard, the Neoclassical Growth Model and its Convergence Theory are discusst'd to show the effects of [CT investments and developments as a catalyst factor that would increase the multi regional development achievements. Finally, in the light of analyses, it is observed in this study that there are some evidences for regional convergence as a weak Beta-convergence and a strong Sigma-convergence within homugeneous regions of East Asian countries in terms of GDP per capita income distributions