Slavnov-Taylor identity for nonequilibrium quark-gluon plasma

Within the closed-time-path formalism of nonequilibrium QCD, we derive a Slavnov-Taylor (ST) identity for the gluon polarization tensor. The ST identity takes the same form both in Coulomb and covariant gauges. Application to quasi-uniform quark-gluon plasma (QGP) near equilibrium or nonequilibrium quasistationary QGP is made.Comment: 10page

Numerical simulation on deposition phenomena of impact particle in cold spraying process

Cold spraying is a new coating technique that makes a thin layer on the solid surface of various mechanical components using tiny material particles. Differing from the conventional thermal spraying methods, there are some advantages for example, oxidation and thermal deformation of the target substrate is unlikely to occur. While the fundamental researches and applications of a cold spraying have been carried out, deposition phenomena in cold spray has not been fully clarified yet. In this paper, numerical simulations on the first step of the film forming process are conducted by a MPS (Moving Particle Semi-implicit) method. Thereby, the numerical result of the height of the particle deposition is well accord with the experiment. The characteristic phenomena is reasonably reproduced. That is, an impinging particle whose speed is lower than the critical velocity rebounds from the substrate, meanwhile, an impinging particle whose speed is higher than the critical velocity adheres on the substrate

Dynamic SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theory at Finite Temperature

The dynamic relaxation process for the (2+1)--dimensional SU(2) lattice gauge theory at critical temperature is investigated with Monte Carlo methods. The critical initial increase of the Polyakov loop is observed. The dynamic exponents $\theta$ and $z$ as well as the static critical exponent $\beta/\nu$ are determined from the power law behaviour of the Polyakov loop, the auto-correlation and the second moment at the early stage of the time evolution. The results are well consistent and universal short-time scaling behaviour of the dynamic system is confirmed. The values of the exponents show that the dynamic SU(2) lattice gauge theory is in the same dynamic universality class as the dynamic Ising model.Comment: 10 pages with 2 figure

Management controls in automotive international joint ventures involving Chinese parent companies

Key findings: • Flexibility in international joint ventures (JVS) is important and a shared but split control style is recommended. • Chinese partners used to have learning as their main objective in an IJV but this has been replaced by profit, growth and market share. • The most significant shifts in control between partners involve human resource management and research and development. • When foreign partners insist on adherence to their own management philosophy, culture clashes occur. • Negotiation is a part of daily life in the IJVs, and it occurs at both executive and managerial levels, depending upon the significance of the item

Dynamic Monte Carlo Study of the Two-Dimensional Quantum XY Model

We present a dynamic Monte Carlo study of the Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition for the spin-1/2 quantum XY model in two dimensions. The short-time dynamic scaling behaviour is found and the dynamical exponent $\theta$, $z$ and the static exponent $\eta$ are determined at the transition temperature.Comment: 6 pages with 3 figure

Short-time critical dynamics and universality on a two-dimensional Triangular Lattice

Critical scaling and universality in short-time dynamics for spin models on a two-dimensional triangular lattice are investigated by using Monte Carlo simulation. Emphasis is placed on the dynamic evolution from fully ordered initialstates to show that universal scaling exists already in the short-time regime in form of power-law behavior of the magnetization and Binder cumulant. The results measured for the dynamic and static critical exponents, $\theta$, $z$, $\beta$ and $\nu$, confirm explicitly that the Potts models on the triangular lattice and square lattice belong to the same universality class. Our critical scaling analysis strongly suggests that the simulation for the dynamic relaxation can be used to determine numerically the universality.Comment: LaTex, 11 pages and 10 figures, to be published in Physica

Observation of an energetic radiation burst from mountain-top thunderclouds

During thunderstorms on 2008 September 20, a simultaneous detection of gamma rays and electrons was made at a mountain observatory in Japan located 2770 m above sea level. Both emissions, lasting 90 seconds, were associated with thunderclouds rather than lightning. The photon spectrum, extending to 10 MeV, can be interpreted as consisting of bremsstrahlung gamma rays arriving from a source which is 60 - 130 m in distance at 90% confidence level. The observed electrons are likely to be dominated by a primary population escaping from an acceleration region in the clouds.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letter