The Wiedemann Effect of the Magnetostriction Alloy "Alfer" at High Temperatures

The Wiedemann effect of "Alfer" (12.91 per cent Al-Fe alloy) was measured with the annealed specimen at high temperatures. As the temperature rises, the effect gradually decreases at the constant current through the specimen, and also the higher the temperature is, the weaker the field is for the maximum effect. When the current through the specimen as well as the longitudinal field is constant, the effect gradually decreases with the rise of temperature, and bcecomes extremely small at the magnetic transformation point of the Fe_3Al superlattice, and vanishes at the magnetic transformation point of α phase. The effect of Ni and Fe was measured to compare with that of Alfer. The temperature dependence of the effect of Ni is similar to that of Alfer, but that of Fe is different from both, that is, it gradually increases as the temperature rises, and after reaching a maximum at about 600℃, rapidly decreases, becoming zero at the magnetic transformation point

On the Magnetic Shunt Characteristics of Fe-Ni-Cr Alloys and M. S. Alloy

For the purpose of improving the magnetic shunt alloys hitherto used, the magnetic properties of Fe-Ni-Cr alloys, containing 30～60% of Ni, 1～18% of Cr and having no allotropic transformation, were measured at various temperatures ranging from -50° to 100° It has been found that those alloys with the magnetic transformation point of about 100° show excellent characteristics of magnetic shunt as follows : The permeability in 400 Oe at 0° are 5～20 and their temperature coefficient, 0.003～0.040, the permeability varying almost linearly with the temperature. And the authors have named them "M. S Alloy"

The Wiedemann Effect of the Binary System of Iron Aluminium Alloys at High Temperatures

The Wiedemann effect was measured at high temperatures with annealed specimens of 13 Fe-Al alloys. With the addition of Al to Fe, the torsion increased at first gradually, but after reaching a maximum at the concentration of about 13 per cent Al it decreased rapidly. In alloy containing less than about 6 per cent Al it was similar to that of iron, while in the alloy containing more than about 6 per cent Al it was similar to that of "Alfer"

The Effect of Carbon Addition on the Magnetic Shunt Properties of M.S.O. Alloy

The magnetic shunt properties of a kind of M.S.O. Alloy (31%Ni, 8.5%Cr and rest Fe) containing C from 0.019 to 0.150% were studied. The magnetization curves at 0°to 40℃ were measured by the ballistic method. The dimension of specimen was 0.4 cm in diameter, 3.1 cm in length, and so the demagnetization factor N was 0.30. The experimental results on magnetic shunt properties are summarised as follows : (1) With increasing C addition, the permeability decreases at first and then increases slightly through a feeble minimum. It is assumed that the former decreasing is due to the impurity of C and the latter increasing due to the formation of Fe_6Cr_C_6 which is speculated by the microscopic. texture and the calculation. (2) The temperature coefficient of permeability becomes larger with increasing C addition, and its linearity becomes worse

The Wiedemann Effect of the Magnetostriction Alloy "Alfer"

The Wiedemann effect of "Alfer" (12.91 per cent Al-Fe alloy) was measured at room temperature up to 820 Oe in longitudinal magnetic field and to 8 A in current through the specimens, 3 mm, in diameter and 150 mm in length (the circular magnetic field at the surface of the cylindrical specimen was about 10.7 Oe). It was found that the Wiedemann effect, that is, the angle of twist increased with increasing longitudinal field and after attaining a maximum value decreased gradually at the constant current through the specimen, and that the maximum value as well as the corresponding field increased with increasing current through the specimen. In a weak field, the effect increased at first at a constant rate, and then reaches a saturation value with increasing current, and in higher fields, the effect became proportional to the current. The effect of "Alfer" had the opposite sign to that of Ni, though the absolute magnitudes were nearly equal to each other

Novel Iron Chelators, Super-Polyphenols, Show Antimicrobial Effects against Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans

Dental caries are an oral infectious disease that can affect human health both orally and systemically. It remains an urgent issue to establish a novel antibacterial method to prevent oral infection for a healthy life expectancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effects of novel iron chelators, super-polyphenols (SPs), on the cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans, in vitro. SPs were developed to reduce the side effects of iron chelation therapy and were either water-soluble or insoluble depending on their isoforms. We found that SP6 and SP10 inhibited bacterial growth equivalent to povidone-iodine, and viability tests indicated that their effects were bacteriostatic. These results suggest that SP6 and SP10 have the potential to control oral bacterial infections such as Streptococcus mutans

Accuracy of ultrawide-field fundus ophthalmoscopy-assisted deep learning for detecting treatment-naïve proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Purpose We investigated using ultrawide-field fundus images with a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN), which is a machine learning technology, to detect treatment-naïve proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Methods We conducted training with the DCNN using 378 photographic images (132 PDR and 246 non-PDR) and constructed a deep learning model. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were examined. Result The constructed deep learning model demonstrated a high sensitivity of 94.7% and a high specificity of 97.2%, with an AUC of 0.969. Conclusion Our findings suggested that PDR could be diagnosed using wide-angle camera images and deep learning

Effect of bovine milk fermented with Lactobacillus rhamnosus L8020 on periodontal disease in individuals with intellectual disability: a randomized clinical trial

Studies on the oral health of individuals with intellectual disability (ID) have identified problems that include a high prevalence of periodontal disease. The use of probiotics to treat periodontal disease has been the focus of considerable research, and bovine milk fermented with Lactobacillus rhamnosus L8020 (L8020 yogurt) has been shown to reduce the oral prevalence of four periodontal pathogens. Objective: The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was to compare the effects of L8020 yogurt (test group) with those of placebo yogurt (placebo group) on the papillary-marginal-attached (PMA) index, gingival index (GI), and probing depth (PD) in 23 individuals with ID. Methodology: All patients were required to consume the allocated yogurt after breakfast for 90 days. PMA index and GI scores as well as PDs were assessed before the start of yogurt consumption (baseline), after 45 and 90 days of consumption, and 30 days after the cessation of consumption. Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U test or Fisher’s exact test was used for inter-group comparisons, and the mixed effect model of repeated measurements was used for data analysis. Results: The decrease in PMA index score was significantly greater in the test group than in the placebo group (p<0.001). The GI score also decreased during the study, with a tendency for greater decrease in the test group. Furthermore, decreases in PD between baseline, 45 and 90 days tended to be greater in the test group than in the placebo group. Conclusion: These results suggest that regular consumption of bovine milk fermented with L. rhamnosus L8020 can lower the risk of periodontal disease in individuals with ID

Conventional Cancer Therapies Can Accelerate Malignant Potential of Cancer Cells by Activating Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Esophageal Cancer Models

Esophageal cancer is one of the most aggressive tumors, and the outcome remains poor. One contributing factor is the presence of tumors that are less responsive or have increased malignancy when treated with conventional chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or a combination of these. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an important role in the tumor microenvironment. Focusing on conventional cancer therapies, we investigated how CAFs acquire therapeutic resistance and how they affect tumor malignancy. In this study, low-dose chemotherapy or radiotherapy-induced normal fibroblasts showed enhanced activation of CAFs markers, fibroblast activation protein, and α-smooth muscle actin, indicating the acquisition of malignancy in fibroblasts. Furthermore, CAFs activated by radiotherapy induce phenotypic changes in cancer cells, increasing their proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities. In in vivo peritoneal dissemination models, the total number of tumor nodules in the abdominal cavity was significantly increased in the co-inoculation group of cancer cells and resistant fibroblasts compared to that in the co-inoculation group of cancer cells and normal fibroblasts. In conclusion, we demonstrated that conventional cancer therapy causes anti-therapeutic effects via the activation of fibroblasts, resulting in CAFs. It is important to select or combine modalities of esophageal cancer treatment, recognizing that inappropriate radiotherapy and chemotherapy can lead to resistance in CAF-rich tumors