Integrated water & land management strategies and policy recommendations

It was found that in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region from climate-related water scarcity, greatest economic losses can be expected (World Bank 2018 in World Resources Institute 2019). Yet, here are unused opportunities to boost water security in MENA. Large amounts (about 82%) of the region’s wastewater is not reclaimed; meaning using this resource would produce a new and clean water resource (World Resources Institute, 2019). The scope of the MADFORWATER project is to develop integrated technological and management solutions to boost wastewater treatment and an efficient reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation in selected hydrological basins in Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia. In this deliverable 6.1 integrated water & land management strategies and policy recommendations were established. This was carried out in two main approaches: i) the integration and assessment of water & land management strategies, ii) policy recommendations to promote the adoption of the proposed technologies and integrated waster & land management strategies in the target countries

Decision Support Tools for wastewater management and for water & land management in agriculture

This deliverable provides the description and the user guides for two Decision Support Tools (DSTs) relative to wastewater management and water & land management in agriculture, developed in the MADFORWATER project. The actual software and codes relative to these two DSTs have been deposited in open access repositories, and the corresponding links are reported in this deliverable. The first DST (Poseidon 2.0) compares different water-reuse options and it shows decision makers implementable solutions for wastewater treatment which comply with local requirements. It was developed in the framework of Task 5.2 of MADFORWATER - Strategies and economic instruments for WW management. Section 2.1 describes the DST and provides the links where it can be downloaded. A dedicated handbook explaining how to use the DST is included in Appendix I. The second DST is an integrated agro-economic model developed in Tasks 3.3 and 5.3, aimed at integrating water reuse and irrigation technologies (developed, tested and implemented in the MADFORWATER project) with economic instruments into basin-scale strategies to enhance the use of treated wastewater. Section 2.2 describes this DST and provides the links where it can be downloaded. A dedicated handbook explaining how to use the DST is included in Appendix II

WW management strategies and water & land management strategies in agriculture

The general objective of the MADFORWATER project is to develop integrated technological and management solutions to boost wastewater treatment and treated wastewater efficient reuse for irrigation in selected hydrological basins in Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia. In particular, Work Package (WP) 5 ‘’ Strategies and economic instruments for basin-scale water resources management’’ aims to develop strategies for wastewater management, water reuse and water & land management in agriculture, tailored to the three studied basins. This WP will make use of two decision support tools (DSTs) to support the development of strategies and economic instruments for wastewater management and water & land management in agriculture. In this deliverable 5.2, the wastewater management strategies and the strategies for water management in agriculture are developed separately. The proposed two types of strategies will then be combined into basin-scale integrated water & land management strategies in the upcoming deliverable 6.1

Guidance on evaluation and selection of sustainable water demand management technologies

This report presents guidance for the evaluation and selection of Water Demand Management (WDM) type technologies for the effective and efficient reduction of water consumption for different water stakeholders - householders, Water Service Providers (WSPs) and policy makers - in a technically sound, yet economically, environmentally and socially acceptable way for all stakeholders involved. The technical guidance is based on reviews of different WDM technologies and methodologies developed in Work Package 42 of the TRUST project. The WDM interventions considered in the report have been evaluated largely based on the their overall water saving potential, cost-effectiveness, water-related energy use as well as impact on the reliability of supply/demand balance of Water Distribution Systems (WDSs).Bello-Dambatta, A.; Kapelan, Z.; Butler, D.; Oertlé, E.; Wintgens, T.; Rozos, E.; Makropoulos, C.... (2014). Guidance on evaluation and selection of sustainable water demand management technologies. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/3534

MADFORWATER. WP2 and WP3 Adaptation of wastewater treatment technologies and technologies for efficient water management and treated wastewater reuse in agriculture. Life-Cycle Assessment and Cost-Benefit Analysis of the tested technologies

This data set includes data produced by FHNW and PNO in collaboration with research partners in the framework of the MADFORWATER project. In particular, the data set contains qualitative and quantitative data about different MADFORWATER wastewater treatment technology and irrigation & water reuse technologies, collected by means of surveys and interviews with MADFORWATER project partners. Data were gathered and processed into comparable data types for the purpose of life-cycle assessment (LCA) and cost-benefit analysis (CBA). LCA data includes technology-specific data (description, environmental benefits, and inventory of processes) and the resulting LCA analysis, that contains environmentally relevant indicators for each technology. CBA data includes various performance categories (capital; operating; maintenance and additional costs, such as training and overheads; social/environmental costs imposed on third parties by each wastewater treatment technology and irrigation & water reuse technology, such as noise or carbon impacts; health benefits related to irrigation with treated instead of untreated WW; health/environmental benefits), with specific data for each technology. Data and evaluation results can potentially be used by researchers active in similar research areas in their experiment designs, as well as by companies as a means for innovation decisions and business development

Evaluation of the Performance and Quality of Wastewater Treated by M’zar Plant in Agadir, Morocco

The aim of our study is based on the characterization of the effluents treated by the M’zar plant, the monitoring of its purification performance after each treatment stage and the benefits of treated wastewater reuse in Souss-Massa region. Physico-chemical and bacteriological analyses were performed monthly from May 2019 to September 2020 on four types of water: Raw Water (RW), Settled Water (SW), Filtered Water (FW) and Purified Water treated by ultraviolet radiation (PWUV). After treatment, the pH values were close to neutrality and the concentrations of COD, BOD5, SM and bacteriological parameters were below the limits recommended by Moroccan standards, with a satisfactory abatement rate (between 97.5% and 100%), with the exception of electrical conductivity, which recorded very high values (3.7 dS/cm in PWUV) due to the salt discharged by the fish industries. In fact, the treated wastewater is rich in nitrates (289.24 mg/L in PWUV) and their reuse in agriculture can therefore contribute to making significant savings in terms of fertilization (2.08 t/day of nitrogen with a daily flow of 30,000 m3/day). Furthermore, a daily quantity of 2 to 5 tons of sludge is discharged, containing 40% to 60% of dry volatile matter, which results in the biogas production of 1275 m3/day/decanter

Poseidon—Decision Support Tool for Water Reuse

In an era when many water systems worldwide are experiencing water stress regarding water quantity and quality, water reuse has received growing attention as one of the most promising integrated mitigating solutions. Nevertheless, the plethora of technologies and their combinations available, as well as social, economic, and environmental constraints, often make it complex for stakeholders and especially decision makers to elicit relevant information. The scope of the current study is to develop a decision support tool that supports pre-feasibility studies and aims at promoting water reuse and building capacities in the field. The tool developed currently encompasses 37 unit processes combined into 70 benchmark treatment trains. It also contains information on water quality standards and typical wastewater qualities. It estimates the removal performances for 12 parameters and the lifecycle costs including distribution. The tool and all underlying data are open access and under continuous development. The underlying systemic approach of the tool makes it intuitive also for users with limited prior knowledge in the field to identify most adequate solutions based on a multi-criteria assessment. This should help to promote water reuse and spearhead initiates for more detailed feasibility and design commissioning for implementation of water reuse schemes

LCA and CBA of the lab-scale irrigation technologies

This report is part of the European Horizon 2020 project MADFORWATER, which aims to develop solutions to enhance water efficiency in Morocco, Tunisia and Egypt. Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) are used together with considerations about the technological performance and social acceptance of the technology in the target country, in order to select technologies that will be optimized and scaled up for the field pilots. The CBA provides insight into the economic performance of the different technologies for the field pilots, the LCA into the environmental burdens and benefits. In particular, this deliverable focuses on the WP3 technologies for irrigation

LCA and CBA of the lab-scale WW treatment technologies

This report is part of the European Horizon 2020 project MADFORWATER, which aims to develop solutions to enhance wastewater treatment, reuse treated wastewater for irrigation and water efficiency in Morocco, Tunisia and Egypt. Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) are used together with considerations about the technological performance and social acceptance of the technology in the target country, in order to select technologies that will be optimized and scaled up for the field pilots. The CBA provides insight into the economic performance of the different technologies for the field pilots, the LCA into the environmental burdens and benefits. In particular, this deliverable focuses on the WP2 technologies for wastewater (WW) treatment, whereas D3.2 focuses on the WP3 irrigation technologies