11 research outputs found
Retention and regeneration of native NAD(H) in noncharged ultrafiltration membrane reactors : Application to l-lactate and gluconate production
Comisión de cuidados, propuestas para una agenda
Los cuidados, actividades altamente feminizadas, requieren ser reconocidos, remunerados y redistribuidos entre el Estado, el mercado, la comunidad y las mujeres y los varones. Es necesario arribar a un "Pacto Social por los Cuidados" e implementar una agenda de políticas públicas que entrelacen la generación de empleo con las necesidades de cuidado. Entre los impactos esperados con la inclusión de esta agenda se cuentan: el desarrollo de los derechos humanos básicos de las niñas y los niños, la reducción de la pobreza, la reactivación de la economía y la reducción de las desigualdades sociales y de género.Fil: Franganillo, Virginia. No especifíca;Fil: Cirmi Obon, Lucia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Centro Interdisciplinario para el Estudio de Políticas Públicas; ArgentinaFil: Roig, Alexandre. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; ArgentinaFil: Brandariz, Carolina. Unión de Trabajadores de la Educación; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Maria Jose. Ministerio de Trabajo, Empleo y Seguridad Social; ArgentinaFil: Cangenova, Cristian. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Barba, Estela. No especifíca;Fil: Panigo, Demian Tupac. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Raimundo, Nancy. No especifíca
Dietary and lifestyle determinants of acrylamide and glycidamide hemoglobin adducts in non-smoking postmenopausal women from the EPIC cohort
Purpose Acrylamide was classified as ‘probably carcinogenic’ to humans
in 1994 by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In 2002,
public health concern increased when acrylamide was identified in
starchy, plant-based foods, processed at high temperatures. The purpose
of this study was to identify which food groups and lifestyle variables
were determinants of hemoglobin adduct concentrations of acrylamide (
HbAA) and glycidamide (HbGA) in 801 non-smoking postmenopausal women
from eight countries in the European Prospective Investigation into
Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.
Methods Biomarkers of internal exposure were measured in red blood cells
(collected at baseline) by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem
mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS). In this cross-sectional analysis, four
dependent variables were evaluated: HbAA, HbGA, sum of total adducts
(HbAA + HbGA), and their ratio (HbGA/HbAA). Simple and multiple
regression analyses were used to identify determinants of the four
outcome variables. All dependent variables (except HbGA/HbAA) and all
independent variables were log-transformed (log2) to improve normality.
Median (25th-75th percentile) HbAA and HbGA adduct levels were 41.3
(32.8-53.1) pmol/g Hb and 34.2 (25.4-46.9) pmol/g Hb, respectively.
Results The main food group determinants of HbAA, HbGA, and HbAA + HbGA
were biscuits, crackers, and dry cakes. Alcohol intake and body mass
index were identified as the principal determinants of HbGA/HbAA. The
total percent variation in HbAA, HbGA, HbAA + HbGA, and HbGA/HbAA
explained in this study was 30, 26, 29, and 13 %, respectively.
Conclusions Dietary and lifestyle factors explain a moderate proportion
of acrylamide adduct variation in nonsmoking postmenopausal women from
the EPIC cohort
Flavonoid and lignan intake and pancreatic cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition cohort
Despite the potential cancer preventive effects of flavonoids and
lignans, their ability to reduce pancreatic cancer risk has not been
demonstrated in epidemiological studies. Our aim was to examine the
association between dietary intakes of flavonoids and lignans and
pancreatic cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into
Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. A total of 865 exocrine pancreatic
cancer cases occurred after 11.3 years of follow-up of 477,309 cohort
members. Dietary flavonoid and lignan intake was estimated through
validated dietary questionnaires and the US Department of Agriculture
(USDA) and Phenol Explorer databases. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95%
confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using age, sex and
center-stratified Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for energy
intake, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol and diabetes status. Our
results showed that neither overall dietary intake of flavonoids nor of
lignans were associated with pancreatic cancer risk
(multivariable-adjusted HR for a doubling of intake=1.03, 95% CI:
0.95-1.11 and 1.02; 95% CI: 0.89-1.17, respectively). Statistically
significant associations were also not observed by flavonoid subclasses.
An inverse association between intake of flavanones and pancreatic
cancer risk was apparent, without reaching statistical significance, in
microscopically confirmed cases (HR for a doubling of intake=0.96, 95%
CI: 0.91-1.00). In conclusion, we did not observe an association between
intake of flavonoids, flavonoid subclasses or lignans and pancreatic
cancer risk in the EPIC cohort.
What’s new? Flavonoids and lignans found in plant-based foods are potent
cancer chemopreventive agents but little is known about their effects on
pancreatic cancer risk. Here the authors address this question in a
large prospective epidemiological study using comprehensively derived
dietary data. Their results support growing evidence that there is no
association between food-based consumption of both substances with
pancreatic cancer risk
Endogenous androgens and risk of epithelial invasive ovarian cancer by tumor characteristics in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
The role of endogenous androgens and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)
in ovarian carcinogenesis is poorly understood. Epithelial invasive
ovarian cancer (EOC) is a heterogeneous disease and there are no
prospective data on endogenous androgens and EOC risk by tumor
characteristics (histology, grade, stage) or the dualistic model of
ovarian carcinogenesis (i.e. type I vs. type II, leading to less or more
aggressive tumors). We conducted a nested case-control study in the
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)
cohort evaluating androgens and SHBG and invasive EOC risk by tumor
characteristics. Female participants who provided a blood sample and
were not using exogenous hormones at blood donation were eligible (n =
183,257). A total of 565 eligible women developed EOC; two controls (n =
1,097) were matched per case. We used multivariable conditional logistic
regression models. We observed no association between androgens, SHBG
and EOC overall. A doubling of androstenedione reduced risk of serous
carcinomas by 21% (odds ratio (OR)log2=0.79, 95% confidence interval
[CI]=[0.64-0.97]). Moreover, associations differed for low-grade and
high-grade carcinomas, with positive associations for low-grade and
inverse associations for high-grade carcinomas (e.g. androstenedione:
low grade: ORlog2=1.99 [0.98-4.06]; high grade: ORlog2=0.75
[0.61-0.93], p(het)0.01), similar associations were observed for type
I/II tumors. This is the first prospective study to evaluate androgens,
SHBG and EOC risk by tumor characteristics and type I/II status. Our
findings support a possible role of androgens in ovarian carcinogenesis.
Additional studies exploring this association are needed.
What’s new? There appear to be several types of epithelial invasive
ovarian cancer (EOC), and hormone-related risk factors are poorly
understood. In this study, the authors found that the impact of
endogenous androgens on the risk of developing EOC differed depending
upon tumor characteristics. Androgen concentrations were positively
associated with the risk of low-grade and type-I carcinomas, but the
study found an inverse association for high-grade tumors. These findings
support a possible role for androgens in ovarian carcinogenesis, and
emphasize the need for additional research
X chromosome inactivation does not necessarily determine the severity of the phenotype in Rett syndrome patients
WOS: 000481590200024PubMed ID: 31427717Rett syndrome (RTT) is a severe neurological disorder usually caused by mutations in the MECP2 gene. Since the MECP2 gene is located on the X chromosome, X chromosome inactivation (XCI) could play a role in the wide range of phenotypic variation of RTT patients; however, classical methylation-based protocols to evaluate XCI could not determine whether the preferentially inactivated X chromosome carried the mutant or the wild-type allele. Therefore, we developed an allele-specific methylation-based assay to evaluate methylation at the loci of several recurrent MECP2 mutations. We analyzed the XCI patterns in the blood of 174 RTT patients, but we did not find a clear correlation between XCI and the clinical presentation. We also compared XCI in blood and brain cortex samples of two patients and found differences between XCI patterns in these tissues. However, RTT mainly being a neurological disease complicates the establishment of a correlation between the XCI in blood and the clinical presentation of the patients. Furthermore, we analyzed MECP2 transcript levels and found differences from the expected levels according to XCI. Many factors other than XCI could affect the RTT phenotype, which in combination could influence the clinical presentation of RTT patients to a greater extent than slight variations in the XCI pattern.Spanish Ministry of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III/FEDER) [PI15/01159]; Crowdfunding program PRECIPITA, from the Spanish Ministry of Health (Fundacion Espanola para la Ciencia y la Tecnologia); Catalan Association for Rett Syndrome; Fondobiorett; Mi Princesa RettWe thank all patients and their families who contributed to this study. The work was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Health (Instituto de Salud Carlos III/FEDER, PI15/01159); Crowdfunding program PRECIPITA, from the Spanish Ministry of Health (Fundacion Espanola para la Ciencia y la Tecnologia); the Catalan Association for Rett Syndrome; Fondobiorett and Mi Princesa Rett
Acrylamide and Glycidamide Hemoglobin Adducts and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Nested Case-Control Study in Nonsmoking Postmenopausal Women from the EPIC Cohort
Background: Acrylamide was classified as “probably carcinogenic to
humans (group 2A)” by the International Agency for Research on
Cancer. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the fourth cause of cancer
mortality in women. Five epidemiological studies have evaluated the
association between EOC risk and dietary acrylamide intake assessed
using food frequency questionnaires, and one nested case-control study
evaluated hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide (HbAA) and its metabolite
glycidamide (HbGA) and EOC risk; the results of these studies were
inconsistent.
Methods: A nested case-control study in nonsmoking postmenopausal women
(334 cases, 417 controls) was conducted within the European Prospective
Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Unconditional
logistic regression models were used to estimate ORs and 95% confidence
intervals (CI) for the association between HbAA, HbGA, HbAA+HbGA, and
HbGA/HbAA and EOC and invasive serous EOC risk.
Results: No overall associations were observed between biomarkers of
acrylamide exposure analyzed in quintiles and EOC risk; however,
positive associations were observed between some middle quintiles of
HbGA and HbAA+HbGA. Elevated but non-statistically significant ORs for
serous EOC were observed for HbGA and HbAA+HbGA (ORQ5vsQ1, 1.91; 95%
CI, 0.96-3.81 and ORQ5vsQ1, 1.90; 95% CI, 0.94-3.83, respectively);
however, no linear dose-response trends were observed.
Conclusion: This EPIC nested case-control study failed to observe a
clear association between biomarkers of acrylamide exposure and the risk
of EOC or invasive serous EOC.
Impact: It is unlikely that dietary acrylamide exposure increases
ovarian cancer risk; however, additional studies with larger sample size
should be performed to exclude any possible association with EOC risk.
(C) 2015 AACR
Dietary Intake of Acrylamide and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Cohort
Acrylamide, classified in 1994 by the International Agency for Research
on Cancer (IARC) as “probably carcinogenic” to humans, was
discovered in 2002 in some heat-treated, carbohydrate-rich foods. The
association between dietary acrylamide intake and epithelial ovarian
cancer risk (EOC) has been previously studied in one case-control and
three prospective cohort studies which obtained inconsistent results and
could not further examine histologic subtypes other than serous EOC. The
present study was carried out in the European Prospective Investigation
into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) subcohort of women (n = 325,006).
Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the
association between questionnaire-based acrylamide intake and EOC risk.
Acrylamide was energy-adjusted using the residual method and was
evaluated both as a continuous variable (per 10 mu g/d) and in
quintiles; when subgroups by histologic EOC subtypes were analyzed,
acrylamide intake was evaluated in quartiles. During a mean follow-up of
11 years, 1,191 incident EOC cases were diagnosed. At baseline, the
median acrylamide intake in EPIC was 21.3 mu g/d. No associations and no
evidence for a dose-response were observed between energy-adjusted
acrylamide intake and EOC risk (HR10 mu(g/d), 1.02; 95% CI, 0.96-1.09;
HRQ5vsQ1, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.76-1.23). No differences were seen when
invasive EOC subtypes (582 serous, 118 endometrioid, and 79 mucinous
tumors) were analyzed separately. This study did not provide evidence
that acrylamide intake, based on food intake questionnaires, was
associated with risk for EOC in EPIC. Additional studies with more
reliable estimates of exposure based on biomarkers may be needed. (C)
2014 AACR
Nutrient-wide association study of 57 foods/nutrients and epithelial ovarian cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study and the Netherlands Cohort Study
Background: Studies of the role of dietary factors in epithelial ovarian
cancer (EOC) development have been limited, and no specific dietary
factors have been consistently associated with EOC risk.
Objective: We used a nutrient-wide association study approach to
systematically test the association between dietary factors and invasive
EOC risk while accounting for multiple hypothesis testing by using the
false discovery rate and evaluated the findings in an independent
cohort.
Design: We assessed dietary intake amounts of 28 foods/food groups and
29 nutrients estimated by using dietary questionnaires in the EPIC
(European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) study (n
= 1095 cases). We selected 4 foods/nutrients that were statistically
significantly associated with EOC risk when comparing the extreme
quartiles of intake in the EPIC study (false discovery rate = 0.43) and
evaluated these factors in the NLCS (Netherlands Cohort Study; n = 383
cases). Cox regression models were used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs.
Results: None of the 4 dietary factors that were associated with EOC
risk in the EPIC study (cholesterol, polyunsaturated and saturated fat,
and bananas) were statistically significantly associated with EOC risk
in the NLCS; however, in meta-analysis of the EPIC study and the NLCS,
we observed a higher risk of EOC with a high than with a low intake of
saturated fat (quartile 4 compared with quartile 1; overall BR: 1.21;
95% CI: 1.04, 1.41).
Conclusion: In the meta-analysis of both studies, there was a higher
risk of EOC with a high than with a low intake of saturated fat
Circulating concentrations of vitamin D in relation to pancreatic cancer risk in European populations
Evidence from in vivo, in vitro and ecological studies are suggestive of
a protective effect of vitamin D against pancreatic cancer (PC).
However, this has not been confirmed by analytical epidemiological
studies. We aimed to examine the association between pre-diagnostic
circulating vitamin D concentrations and PC incidence in European
populations. We conducted a pooled nested case-control study within the
European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) and
the Nord-TrOndelag Health Study’s second survey (HUNT2) cohorts. In
total, 738 primary incident PC cases (EPIC n=626; HUNT2 n=112; median
follow-up=6.9 years) were matched to 738 controls. Vitamin D
[25(OH)D-2 and 25(OH)D-3 combined] concentrations were determined
using isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Conditional logistic regression models with adjustments for body mass
index and smoking habits were used to estimate incidence rate ratios
(IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Compared with a reference
category of >50 to 75 nmol/L vitamin D, the IRRs (95% CIs) were 0.71
(0.42-1.20); 0.94 (0.72-1.22); 1.12 (0.82-1.53) and 1.26 (0.79-2.01) for
clinically pre-defined categories of 25; >25 to 50; >75 to 100; and >100
nmol/L vitamin D, respectively (p for trend=0.09). Corresponding
analyses by quintiles of season-standardized vitamin D concentrations
also did not reveal associations with PC risk (p for trend=0.23).
Although these findings among participants from the largest combination
of European cohort studies to date show increasing effect estimates of
PC risk with increasing pre-diagnostic concentrations of vitamin D, they
are not statistically significant