2,282 research outputs found
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Frequency and risk factors for prevalent, incident, and persistent genital carcinogenic human papillomavirus infection in sexually active women: community based cohort study (vol 344, e4168, 2012)
Correction to article of the same name, available at http://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e416
Application of Framingham risk estimates to ethnic minorities in United Kingdom and implications for primary prevention of heart disease in general practice : cross sectional population based study
Objective To compare the 10 year risk of coronary
heart disease (CHD), stroke, and combined
cardiovascular disease (CVD) estimated from the
Framingham equations.
Design Population based cross sectional survey.
Setting Nine general practices in south London.
Population 1386 men and women, age 40Â59 years,
with no history of CVD (475 white people, 447 south
Asian people, and 464 people of African origin), and
a subgroup of 1069 without known diabetes, left
ventricular hypertrophy, peripheral vascular disease,
renal impairment, or target organ damage.
Main outcome measures 10 year risk estimates.
Results People of African origin had the lowest 10
year risk estimate of CHD adjusted for age and sex
(7.0%, 95% confidence interval 6.5 to 7.5) compared
with white people (8.8%, 8.2 to 9.5) and south Asians
(9.2%, 8.6 to 9.9) and the highest estimated risk of
stroke (1.7% (1.5 to 1.9), 1.4% (1.3 to 1.6), 1.6% (1.5 to
1.8), respectively). The estimate risk of combined
CVD, however, was highest in south Asians (12.5%,
11.6 to 13.4) compared with white people (11.9%,
11.0 to 12.7) and people of African origin (10.5%, 9.7
to 11.2). In the subgroup of 1069, the probability that
a risk of CHD >15% would identify risk of combined
CVD >20% was 91% in white people and 81% in
both south Asians and people of African origin. The
use of thresholds for risk of CHD of 12% in south
Asians and 10% in people of African origin would
increase the probability of identifying those at risk to
100% and 97%, respectively.
Conclusion Primary care doctors should use a lower
threshold of CHD risk when treating mild
uncomplicated hypertension in people of African or
south Asian origin
âJust Something in Historyâ: Classroom Knowledge and Refusals to Teach the Tension in Solomon Islands
Boarding school in Solomon Islands has historically been a place where students learned a kind of knowledgeâclassroom knowledgeâdevoid of social content and meaning. Away from their homes for most of the year, young Solomon Islanders would focus on learning classroom knowledge, even though it was only useful to help them pass national examinations and advance to the next tier of formal education. Classroom knowledge aided colonization because it assisted in the separation of students from Indigenous knowledges and made them feel like failures if they did not master it. In this article, I show that new textbooks, written in the wake of the civil conflict that Solomon Islanders call âthe Tension,â have invited teachers to use Indigenous conceptualizations of how knowledge about violence should be shared in their teaching. Although for many the Tension could be rendered as the classroom knowledge of the colonial era, teachers have accepted the invitation the curriculum has offered them to refuse to pass on knowledge about the violent past
Community based trial of home blood pressure monitoring with nurse-led telephone support in patients with stroke or transient ischaemic attack recently discharged from hospital.
BACKGROUND: High blood pressure in patients with stroke increases the risk of recurrence but management in the community is often inadequate. Home blood pressure monitoring may increase patients' involvement in their care, increase compliance, and reduce the need for patients to attend their General Practitioner if blood pressure is adequately controlled. However the value of home monitoring to improve blood pressure control is unclear. In particular its use has not been evaluated in stroke patients in whom neurological and cognitive ability may present unique challenges.
DESIGN: Community based randomised trial with follow up after 12 months.
PARTICIPANTS: 360 patients admitted to three South London Stroke units with stroke or transient ischaemic attack within the past 9 months will be recruited from the wards or outpatients and randomly allocated into two groups. All patients will be visited by the specialist nurse at home at baseline when she will measure their blood pressure and administer a questionnaire. These procedures will be repeated at 12 months follow up by another researcher blind as to whether the patient is in intervention or control group.
INTERVENTION: INTERVENTION patients will be given a validated home blood pressure monitor and support from the specialist nurse. Control patients will continue with usual care (blood pressure monitoring by their practice). Main outcome measures in both groups after 12 months: 1. Change in systolic blood pressure.2.
Cost effectiveness: Incremental cost of the intervention to the National Health Service and incremental cost per quality adjusted life year gained
Phase--coherence Effects in Antidot Lattices: A Semiclassical Approach to Bulk Conductivity
We derive semiclassical expressions for the Kubo conductivity tensor. Within
our approach the oscillatory parts of the diagonal and Hall conductivity are
given as sums over contributions from classical periodic orbits in close
relation to Gutzwiller's trace formula for the density of states. Taking into
account the effects of weak disorder and temperature we reproduce recently
observed anomalous phase coherence oscillations in the conductivity of large
antidot arrays.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures available under request, RevTe
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The Importance of Community and Patient Involvement in the Design of Physical Activity Programs.
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