CONSIDERATIONS UNDER PUBLIC DEBT WITH THE CURRENT ECONOMIC CRISIS

In current economic conditions, in full financial crisis, many world state governments looked for external funding to cover budgetary deficits, fact that led to explosive external debt of these states. The state must accomplish its objectives. For overtaking each economic, industrial, cultural, political, technical sector needs, needs financial resources; but not always the state internal financial resources cover entirely financial needs.public debt; external public debt; consolidated debt

Organizational factors that promote employees well-being: Springfield case

Treball Final de Grau en Administració d'Empreses. Codi: AE1049. Curs 2020/202

The infrastructure of the Romanian financial system in the current crisis

International macroeconomic an financial environment is subjected totension but remains relatively strong, even if is a visible slowdown in economicgrowth in some countries, it materializes the asset price correlation dueperceptions adjustment regarding risk, and financial market characteristicschanges significantly.Systemically important components in the financial system architectureare represented by the payment and settlement system for financialinstruments. These systems, from their implementation until now, did not facedparticular problems because of high standards observance in terms of safetyand operational efficiency and the measures taken by the central bank

Post-crisis financial intermediation

The recent financial crisis that begun in 2007 in the US, which then swept around the world, has left deep scars on the already wrinkled face of the global economy.Some national and regional economies, which had money for expensive makeup, or created money[1], managed to blur or hide the scars left by the crisis, others are still facing difficulties in overcoming the effects of this.The rapacity of banks, their greed and risk ignorance, were the origin of the outbreak of the last major economic and financial crisis but unfortunately those who were responsible or, rather, irresponsible, paid little or nothing at all for the burden of their bad loan portfolio. This cost has been supported by the population, either directly by paying high interest and fees [Mihai I., 2007], or indirectly, through the use of public budgets to cover the losses of banks, most of which had private capital. In this context, we intend to examine the state of financial intermediation in Romania in the post-crisis period, and to primarily follow: (i) The structure and evolution of the banking system; (ii) Non-government credit situation; (iii) The level of savings; (iiii) Loan-deposit ratio; (v) The degree of financial intermediation and disintegration phenomenon etc., and to articulate some conclusions and suggestions on the matters that have been explored.

Considerations under public debt with the current economic crisis

In current economic conditions, in full financial crisis, many world state governments looked for external funding to cover budgetary deficits, fact that led to explosive external debt of these states. The state must accomplish its objectives. For overtaking each economic, industrial, cultural, political, technical sector needs, needs financial resources; but not always the state internal financial resources cover entirely financial needs. Therefore, each state needs to apply for external or internal loans. 

Medical nutrition therapeutic approach of non-alcoholic fatty liver: diet, nutraceuticals, phytotherapy and probiotics

Although the genetic and pharmacological research of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the commonest liver disease in the world, affecting more than a quarter of the population, shows a promising future, the non-pharmacological therapy continues to be an important approach of this concerning public health issue. The present study focused on the therapeutical potential of the diet and mainly the phytotherapy, nutraceuticals, and probiotics use, employing the literature review methodology by a selection of recent (last 5-10 years) national and international articles from the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The conclusion was that the non-pharmacological medical nutrition approach could be considered as a first-line therapeutical option for NAFLD due to its low cost, few adverse effects, and a mainly positive impact on an individual's health and life quality

Development of lands on the slope through terracing for recreation areas

The terracing of sloping land provides multiple functional and aesthetic advantages. Landscaping on a slope is a complex work that requires a thorough analysis of the features of the relief, soil and vegetation. The adoption of an optimal terracing solution, in terms of dimensions, contributes to the quality of the result obtained, its maintenance over time and a minimal impact on the environment. In this work, for the dimensioning of the terraces and the optimal use of the natural elements, the topographic survey of the surface was carried out with the GPS. When determining the width of the leisure terraces, the slope of the land and microrelief were taken into account. To make the embankments more efficient, it was proposed to equalize the volume of excavation with that of filling. The achievement of this objective was achieved by covering the surface to be leveled with a network of squares, with a side of 17 m, the corners of the squares being materialized on the ground with wooden stakes. The absolute shares of all the points of the squares were determined, and depending on the weight of each point, the weighted average share of the two networks of squares was calculated. The calculation resulted in a value of the weighted average elevation on the first terrace, from the upstream side, of 148.789 m, and on the second terrace of 146.599 m. The values thus obtained were imposed quotas for the execution of the terrace platforms. Depending on the micro-relief of the land on the surface proposed for development and the neighboring areas, widths of the terraces of 15 and 17 m, with a length of 88 m, have resulted, which allow their use for the purpose proposed for development

The use of spatial and numeric databases of digital orthophotomaps in soil quality evaluation papers

In the period between 2003-2007, digital and analog orthophotomaps at a scale 1 : 10 000 were designed for a series of territorial administrative unities, based on aerial photogrammetric methods. The use of the digital support of the orthophotomaps facilitates the retrieval in real time of primary technical data for the cadastre general of the graphic fund of agricultural physical blocks and their contained plots. Within the grounds of the administrative territory of Bilca, in Suceava County, 315 physical blocks have been identified, with a total area of 2000,43 ha. According to the nature of the physical blocks 189 agricultural physical blocks (AB), occupying an area of 1853,81 ha have been delimited in the unincorporated area of the territory and 126 physical blocks (SA), in the residential area, with a surface of 146,62 ha. On the digital format of the orthophotomap, at a scale 1 : 10 000 of the physical blocks, an overlap was carried out of the thematic layer with the graphic entities of the 24 soil unities (SU), at a scale of 1: 10 000, identified and mapped on an agricultural area of 1358,14 ha. For the organisation, collection and validation of the technical data necessary for the cadastre general and the quality of the soils, has been considered an area of 100,4628 ha of an agricultural sector. The overlapping of the data layer of the soils map, one that included a spatial distribution for 10 soil units (SU) has been carried out on the digital support of the six agricultural physical blocks and the 228 cadastral plots, respectively. The interrogation of the relational model of the digital orthophotomap spatial and numeric database, according to the codes of the physical blocks and the cadastral plots respectively, enables the use of this type of data in various scopes. The informational model is based on the univocal relations between the graphic entities of the 228 cadastral plots and the specific attributes of the cadastre general entities and the descriptive and analytical data of the soil resources quality, respectively

Analysis of the transformation of a cadastral documentation made for the agricultural lands from the local projection system - Iasi into the 1970-stereographic projection system

The cadastral and land registration activity from the administrative territorial unit of Iasi city was conducted in various time intervals and it was characterized by different work instruments and methods. Thus, there are mentioned the topographic measurements made between 1950-1990 when the classical measuring technique and a local system of rectangular coordinates were used. In 1950 a Local – Stereographic projection – Iasi was adopted; it had its own 2D system of coordinates and the origin in the Golia point. After 1990, in a relatively short interval, the modern measuring methods started being used. There were included, among others, the measurement of distances using waves, the automatic processing of data and transmission of topographic plans. The cartographic documentations made between 1991 – 2009 also relied on the local projection system of coordinates – Iasi. Some of the works included: the measurement and evaluation of agricultural lands, the temporary registration in the land register etc. Starting with 2010 the system of plane rectangular coordinates from the 1970 Stereographic projection became official. From 2013 the Goliath transcalculation program started being used for the transformation of the plane rectangular coordinates from the old cadastral documentations of the Local system – Iasi into the official 1970 - Stereographic projection. The way in which cadastral sectors and real estates from the Local – Iasi system was integrated into the 1970 - Stereographic projection system was analysed considering the technical cadastral documentation from 2004. The case study included a total surface of 50.1808 ha of agricultural land from the unincorporated area of Iasi city. Cartographically speaking, the area was represented by the geodetic trapeziums L–35-32-A–c–3–II-3 and L–35-32-A–c–3–II-4, scale 1:2000, identified with ”Vasile Adamachi” farm of Iasi