Applications of Calcium Oxalate Crystal Microscopy in the Characterization of Baccharis articulata.

Baccharis articulata (Lam.) Pers., popularly known as carqueja, carquejinha or carqueja-doce, is a plant widely used in traditional medicine as a diuretic, digestive and antidiabetic. Due to its similar morphology with other species of the "carqueja group", especially Baccharis pentaptera (Less.) DC., it can be easily confused even by specialists. Thus, this study aimed to characterize micromorphology of the crystals present in B. articulata to show botanical markers that can help differentiate this species from other carquejas. Eleven crystalline morphotypes, including druses, styloids and various shapes of prismatic and sand crystals, were evidenced by scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the elemental chemical composition and the degree of hydration of the crystals were analyzed by EDS and Raman spectroscopy. The results of this study would aid in the authentication of B. articulata and serve as a basis for future studies of other species of Baccharis

Towards a comprehensive characterization of spatio-temporal dependence of light-induced electromagnetic forces in dielectric liquids

Abstract The interaction of localized light with matter generates optical electrostriction within dielectric fluids, leading to a discernible change in the refractive index of the medium according to the excitation’s light profile. This optical force holds critical significance in optical manipulation and plays a fundamental role in numerous photonic applications. In this study, we demonstrate the applicability of the pump-probe, photo-induced lensing (PIL) method to investigate optical electrostriction in various dielectric liquids. Notably, the thermal and nonlinear effects are observed to be temporally decoupled from the electrostriction effects, facilitating isolated observation of the latter. Our findings provide a comprehensive explanation of optical forces in the context of the recently introduced microscopic Ampère electromagnetic formalism, which is grounded in the dipolar approximation of electromagnetic sources within matter and characterizes electrostriction as an electromagnetic-induced stress within the medium. Here, the optical force density is re-obtained through a new Lagrangian approach

8^{8}Be + 14^{14}C break-up of 22^{22}Ne

The $^{12}$C($^{18}$O, $^{14}$C + $^{8}$Be)$^{8}$Be reaction was studied at a beam energy of 140 MeV. Two multi-element charged-particle telescopes were used to detect the decay of $^{22}$Ne states into $^{14}$C + $^{8}$Be. The reconstructed excitation energy spectrum indicates that two states at 24.14(20) and 26.89(20) MeV decay by $^{8}Be emission. These states may be linked to a$^{14}$C + 2$\alpha$cluster structure in$^{22}$Ne

α\alpha decay of excited states in 14^{14}C

Measurements of the $^{14}$C($^{14}$C,$^{14}$C[$^{10}$Be + α]) breakup reaction have been made at a beam energy of 98.2 MeV. The studies were performed with two charged-particle telescopes that permitted the energy, mass, charge, and emission angle of each detected particle to be determined. A series of $^{14}$C excited states at energies of 14.3, 14.8 15.6, 16.4, 17.3, 18.6, 19.8, 20.6, and 21.6 MeV was observed to decay to either the $^{10}$Be ground state or the first excited states. Angular correlation measurements suggest an assignment of J$^{PI}$ = 3$^{−}$ for the 15.6 MeV state

alpha-decaying states 18^{18}O, 20^{20}Ne and 22^{22}Ne in 18^{18}O beam induced reactions

The three reactions $^{12}$C($^{18}$O,$^{14}$C + α)$^{12}$C, $^{12}$C($^{18}$O,$^{16}$O + α)$^{10}$Be, and $^{12}$C($^{18}$O,$^{18}$O + α)$^{8}$Be have been used to investigate α-decaying states in the nuclei $^{18}$O, $^{20}$Ne, and $^{22}$Ne populated through inelastic scattering, 2p, and α transfer, respectively. The measurements were performed at a beam energy of 140 MeV, and two charged particle detector telescopes were used to detect the breakup of the projectile-like particle. States in $^{18}$O, $^{20}$Ne, and $^{22}$Ne were observed in the excitation energy range from 7 to 22 MeV and angular correlation techniques were used to determine the spins of a number of these states. The data are interpreted in terms of the underlying cluster structure. In the case of the $^{18}$O, $^{14}$C core + α, cluster bands, that are the analog of those in $^{20}$Ne have been identified

High-spin states in

High-spin states in 22Ne have been studied using the 14C(12C,α)22Ne(α)18O reaction at E(12 C)= 44MeV. The spin assignments were obtained as results of the analysis of double (α, α) angular correlations with the residual 18O nucleus in the 0+ ground state. The obtained values of spin and parity of five levels are: 20.0 MeV (9−), 20.7 MeV (11−), 21.6 MeV (9−), 22.2 MeV (12+), 25.0 MeV (9−)