Risiko kelahiran pramatang spontan di Wad materniti, Hospital Kuala Lumpur

A case control study was conducted to assess the risk factors for spontaneous preterm birth among births delivered between 1st to 30th September 1994 in Kuala Lumpur Hospital. The risk factors studied were maternal age, maternal weight, parity, sex of the infant, history of antepartum haemorrhage, and history of abortion. A total of 84 cases of spontaneous preterm birth were chosen by quota sampling from the matenity records. Controls were full term births matched by ethnicity. The results showed the significant risk factors of preterm birth are maternal weight (odd ratio 2.8, 95% confidence interval 1.1-7.1) and history of antepartum haemorrhage (odd ratio3.6, 95% confidence interval 1.4-9.4). The association of other risk factors such as maternal age, parity, sex of the infant and history of abortion with spontaneous preterm birth were not statistically significant in this study

Induced electron radiation effect on the performance of inter-satellite optical wireless communication

This paper provides the details of a study on the effects of electron radiation on the Performance of Inters-satellite Optical Wireless Communication (IsOWC). Academia and industry focus on solutions that can improve performance and reduce the cost of IsWOC systems. Spacecraft, space stations, satellites, and astronauts are exposed to an increased level of radiation when in space, so it is essential to evaluate the risks and performance effects associated with extended radiation exposures in missions and space travel in general. This investigation focuses on LEO, especially in the near-equatorial radiation environment. Radiation experiments supported with simulations have made it possible to obtain and evaluate the electron radiation impact on optoelectronics at the device level and system level performances. The electron radiation has induced a system degradation of 70%. This result demonstrates the importance of such an investigation to predict and take necessary and suitable reliable quality service for future space missions

Application of a new system for classifying root canal morphology in undergraduate teaching and clinical practice: a national survey in Malaysia

Aim To evaluate and compare the feedback of final year undergraduate dental students in eight Malaysian dental schools on the application of a new system for classifying root canal morphology in teaching and clinical practice. Methods One PowerPoint presentation describing two classification systems for root canal morphology (Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology, 1974 38, 456 and its supplemental configurations, International Endodontic Journal 2017, 50, 761) was delivered to final year undergraduate dental students in eight dental schools in Malaysia by two presenters (each presented to four schools). To examine students' feedback on the utility of each system, printed questionnaires consisting of six questions (five multiple choice questions and one open-ended question) were distributed and collected after the lecture. The questionnaire was designed to compare the classification systems in terms of accuracy, practicability, understanding of root canal morphology and recommendation for use in pre-clinical and clinical courses. The exact test was used for statistical analysis, with the level of significance set at 0.05 (P = 0.05). Results A total of 382 (out of 447) students participated giving a response rate of 86%. More than 90% of students reported that the new system was more accurate and more practical compared with the Vertucci system (P 0.05). The students' responses for all questions were almost similar for both presenters (P > 0.05). Conclusions The new system of International Endodontic Journal 2017, 50, 761 for classifying root and canal morphology was favoured by final year undergraduate dental students in Malaysia. The new system has the potential to be included in the undergraduate endodontic curriculum for teaching courses related to root and canal morphology