Effective model analysis of intrinsic spin Hall effect with magnetism in stacked-kagome Weyl semimetal Co3Sn2S2

We theoretically study the spin Hall effect in a simple tight-binding model of stacked-kagome Weyl semimetal Co3Sn2S2 with ferromagnetic ordering. We focus on the two types of the spin Hall current: one flowing in the in-plane direction with respect to the kagome lattice (in-plane spin Hall current), and one flowing in the stacking direction (out-of-plane spin Hall current). We show the spin Hall conductivities for those spin currents drastically change depending on the direction of the magnetic moment. Especially, the out-of-plane spin Hall current may induce surface spin accumulation, which are useful for the perpendicular magnetization switching via spin-orbit torque.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure

On-chip constructive cell-network study (II): on-chip quasi-in vivo cardiac toxicity assay for ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation measurement using ring-shaped closed circuit microelectrode with lined-up cardiomyocyte cell network

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Backgrounds</p> <p>Conventional <it>in vitro </it>approach using human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG) assay has been considered worldwide as the first screening assay for cardiac repolarization safety. However, it does not always oredict the potential QT prolongation risk or pro-arrhythmic risk correctly. For adaptable preclinical strategiesto evaluate global cardiac safety, an on-chip quasi-<it>in vivo </it>cardiac toxicity assay for lethal arrhythmia (ventricular tachyarrhythmia) measurement using ring-shaped closed circuit microelectrode chip has been developed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The ventricular electrocardiogram (ECG)-like field potential data, which includes both the repolarization and the conductance abnormality, was acquired from the self-convolutied extracellular field potentials (FPs) of a lined-up cardiomyocyte network on a circle-shaped microelectrode in an agarose microchamber. When Astemisol applied to the closed-loop cardiomyocyte network, self-convoluted FP profile of normal beating changed into an early afterdepolarization (EAD) like waveform, and then showed ventricular tachyarrhythmias and ventricular fibrilations (VT/Vf). QT-prolongation-like self-convoluted FP duration prolongation and its fluctuation increase was also observed according to the increase of Astemizole concentration.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The results indicate that the convoluted FPs of the quasi<it>-in vivo </it>cell network assay includes both of the repolarization data and the conductance abnormality of cardiomyocyte networks has the strong potential to prediction lethal arrhythmia.</p

Generating arbitrary polarization states by manipulating the thicknesses of a pair of uniaxial birefringent plates

We report an optical method of generating arbitrary polarization states by manipulating the thicknesses of a pair of uniaxial birefringent plates, the optical axes of which are set at a crossing angle of {\pi}/4. The method has the remarkable feature of being able to generate a distribution of arbitrary polarization states in a group of highly discrete spectra without spatially separating the individual spectral components. The target polarization-state distribution is obtained as an optimal solution through an exploration. Within a realistic exploration range, a sufficient number of near-optimal solutions are found. This property is also reproduced well by a concise model based on a distribution of exploration points on a Poincar\'e sphere, showing that the number of near-optimal solutions behaves according to a power law with respect to the number of spectral components of concern. As a typical example of an application, by applying this method to a set of phase-locked highly discrete spectra, we numerically demonstrate the continuous generation of a vector-like optical electric field waveform, the helicity of which is alternated within a single optical cycle in the time domain.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

A novel monoclinic phase of impurity-doped CaGa2S4 as a phosphor with high emission intensity

In the solid-state synthesis of impurity-doped CaGa2S4, calcium tetra­thio­digallate(III), a novel phosphor material (denominated as the X-phase), with monoclinic symmetry in the space group P21/a, has been discovered. Its emission intensity is higher than that of the known ortho­rhom­bic polymorph of CaGa2S4 crystallizing in the space group Fddd. The asymmetric unit of the monoclinic phase consists of two Ca, four Ga and eight S sites. Each of the Ca and Ga atoms is surrounded by seven and four sulfide ions, respectively, thereby sharing each of the sulfur sites with the nearest neighbours. In contrast, the corresponding sites in the ortho­rhom­bic phase are surrounded by eight and four S atoms, respectively. The photoluminescence peaks from Mn2+ and Ce3+ in the doped X-phase, both of which are supposed to replace Ca2+ ions, have been observed to shift towards the high energy side in comparison with those in the ortho­rhom­bic phase. This suggests that the crystal field around the Mn2+ and Ce3+ ions in the X-phase is weaker than that in the ortho­rhom­bic phase

Whole exome sequencing combined with integrated variant notation prediction identifies a causative myosin essential light chain variant in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

13301甲第4591号博士（医学）金沢大学博士論文要旨Abstract 以下に掲載： Journal of Cardiology 67 pp.133-139 2016. Elsevier. 共著者：Akihiro Nomura, Hayato Tada, Ryota Teramoto, Tetsuo Konno, Akihiko Hodatsu, Hong-Hee Won, Sekar Kathiresan, Hidekazu Ino, Noboru Fujino, Masakazu Yamagishi, Kenshi Hayash

Postural instability via a loss of intermittent control in elderly and patients with Parkinson's disease: a model-based and data-driven approach

Postural instability is one of the major symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Here, we assimilated a model of intermittent delay feedback control during quiet standing into postural sway data from healthy young and elderly individuals as well as patients with Parkinson's disease to elucidate the possible mechanisms of instability. Specifically, we estimated the joint probability distribution of a set of parameters in the model using the Bayesian parameter inference such that the model with the inferred parameters can best-fit sway data for each individual. It was expected that the parameter values for three populations would distribute differently in the parameter space depending on their balance capability. Because the intermittent control model is parameterized by a parameter associated with the degree of intermittency in the control, it can represent not only the intermittent model but also the traditional continuous control model with no intermittency. We showed that the inferred parameter values for the three groups of individuals are classified into two major groups in the parameter space: one represents the intermittent control mostly for healthy people and patients with mild postural symptoms and the other the continuous control mostly for some elderly and patients with severe postural symptoms. The results of this study may be interpreted by postulating that increased postural instability in most Parkinson's patients and some elderly persons might be characterized as a dynamical disease

Locomotive syndrome is associated with body composition and cardiometabolic disorders in elderly Japanese women

The 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale [7]. (DOCX 154 kb

Evidence and mechanism of efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence promoted by delocalized excited states

The design of organic compounds with nearly no gap between the first excited singlet (S1) and triplet (T1) states has been demonstrated to result in an efficient spin-flip transition from the T1 to S1 state, that is, reverse intersystem crossing (RISC), and facilitate light emission as thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). However, many TADF molecules have shown that a relatively appreciable energy difference between the S1 and T1 states (~0.2 eV) could also result in a high RISC rate. We revealed from a comprehensive study of optical properties of TADF molecules that the formation of delocalized states is the key to efficient RISC and identified a chemical template for these materials. In addition, simple structural confinement further enhances RISC by suppressing structural relaxation in the triplet states. Our findings aid in designing advanced organic molecules with a high rate of RISC and, thus, achieving the maximum theoretical electroluminescence efficiency in organic light-emitting diodes