Generation and characterization of the sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax brain and liver transcriptomes.

International audienceThe sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax is the center of interest of an increasing number of basic or applied research investigations, even though few genomic or transcriptomic data is available. Current public data only represent a very partial view of its transcriptome. To fill this need, we characterized brain and liver transcriptomes in a generalist manner that would benefit the entire scientific community. We also tackled some bioinformatics questions, related to the effect of RNA fragment size on the assembly quality. Using Illumina RNA-seq, we sequenced organ pools from both wild and farmed Atlantic and Mediterranean fishes. We built two distinct cDNA libraries per organ that only differed by the length of the selected mRNA fragments. Efficiency of assemblies performed on either or both fragments size differed depending on the organ, but remained very close reflecting the quality of the technical replication. We generated more than 19,538Mbp of data. Over 193million reads were assembled into 35,073 contigs (average length=2374bp; N50=3257). 59% contigs were annotated with SwissProt, which corresponded to 12,517 unique genes. We compared the Gene Ontology (GO) contig distribution between the sea bass and the tilapia. We also looked for brain and liver GO specific signatures as well as KEGG pathway coverage. 23,050 putative micro-satellites and 134,890 putative SNPs were identified. Our sampling strategy and assembly pipeline provided a reliable and broad reference transcriptome for the sea bass. It constitutes an indisputable quantitative and qualitative improvement of the public data, as it provides 5 times more base pairs with fewer and longer contigs. Both organs present unique signatures consistent with their specific physiological functions. The discrepancy in fragment size effect on assembly quality between organs lies in their difference in complexity and thus does not allow prescribing any general strategy. This information on two key organs will facilitate further functional approaches

Imaging of the interface between fibers and matrix in the yarns of three-directional carbon-carbon composites by a photoacoustic method

International audienceThe performance of composite materials such as three-directional carbon-carbon composites depends greatly on the quality of the interface between the fibers and the matrix in the yarns. A set-up was built to examine the quality of this interface using a thermal method: photoacoustic method by photodeformation. Comparison of photoacoustic and electron beam microscope images, on the same area of a sample confirms that fibers 5 to 7 µm in diameter can be seen with the set-up. Moreover, the thermal phase images show discrepancies around some fibers which could be due to abnormal local thermal resistances

A web-based and mobile intervention with brochure support providing complementary feeding guidelines to first-time parents in France: Randomized Controlled Trial (NutrienT trial)

International audiencePurpose: In light of the latest epidemiological and nutritional knowledge and scientific evidence supporting responsive feeding, the French feeding guidelines for 0-3 years were recently updated and nationally disseminated through a brochure and media campaign by Santé publique France. Moreover, smartphone apps become increasingly popular and is likely relevant to provide timely information across development to inform parents about child feeding practices but their effect is seldom evaluated. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to investigate whether the provision of guidelines through an app and a brochure (vs. brochure alone, usual service) results in healthier parental feeding practices, infant's eating behaviours and body mass index (BMI). Methods: This double-blinded monocentric 2-arm trial is conducted among first-time parents living in the area of Dijon (France) and recruited in a maternity ward. A smartphone app was developed by INRAE for the outcome evaluation and for the timely distribution of the new guidelines content: from child age 3 to 36 months, 106 age-adapted messages with dietary recommendations, educational advice, recipes and tips provided in the form of short texts and videos (intervention group only), and 36 generic messages (both groups). The primary outcome is the BMI z-score at 36 months of age. Secondary outcome measures include online parents' reports and behavioural assessments (experimental meals) of parental feeding practices and infant eating behaviours from inclusion to 36 months of age. Analyses of covariance on these outcomes will assess the effect of the intervention. Mediation and moderation analyses will explore, respectively, the mechanisms of action of the intervention and the potential moderating effect of socioeconomic, parental (attitudes and beliefs about child feeding) and infants' (general temperament) factors. Sample size was determined to be n=118 in each arm, plus 20% to compensate for potential attrition.Results/findings: The first participants were enrolled in March 2022 and the recruitment is ongoing (n=110 were included on February 2023). Conclusions: This is the first French RCT to assess a digital intervention targeted to first-time parents to improve feeding practices and child growth. The app may represent a potential stand-alone communication tool to complement those already disseminated to the general population

The Edmonton Frail Scale Improves the Prediction of 30-Day Mortality in Elderly Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study

Objectives: To investigate whether the Edmonton Frail Scale (EFS), a multidimensional frailty assessment tool, improves the prediction of 30-day or in-hospital mortality over the use of the European System for Cardiac Outcome Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) II alone. Design: Single-center prospective observational study. Setting: University hospital. Participants: Patients aged 75 years or older undergoing cardiac surgery between February 2014 and May 2017. Intervention: No intervention was performed. The EFS was administered the day before surgery. Measurements and Main Results: The primary endpoint was 30-day or in-hospital mortality. Secondary endpoints were times to discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU) and from the hospital, discharge to a health care facility, and ability to return home by postoperative day 30. The EFS had a good discriminative ability for 30-day mortality (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56-0.82). Adding frailty, defined by an EFS ≥8, to the EuroSCORE II significantly improved the prediction of 30-day (p = 0.04) mortality. The integrated discrimination index was 0.03 (95% CI, 0.01-0.06, p = 0.01), meaning that the difference in predicted risk between patients who died and those who survived increased by 3% due to the addition of frailty determined by the EFS to the EuroSCORE II. Frailty also was associated significantly with a decreased cumulative probability of discharge from the ICU (p = 0.02) and an increased incidence of discharge to a health care facility (p = 0.01). Conclusion: The EFS has a good predictive ability for 30-day mortality after cardiac surgery in elderly patients and improves the prediction of 30-day mortality over the use of the EuroSCORE II. © 2018 Elsevier Inc

Photoacoustic microscopy by photodeformation applied to the determination of thermal diffusivity

Tire de : 'Thermosense XIII' SPIE conference, Orlando FL, April 3-5, 1991 (SPIE Proceedings series, vol. 1467, 278-289)SIGLEAvailable at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : 22419, issue : a.1991 v.136 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

ASTERICS: A Tool for the ExploRation and Integration of omiCS data

International audienc

ASTERICS: A Tool for the ExploRation and Integration of omiCS data

International audienc

ASTERICS: A Tool for the ExploRation and Integration of omiCS data

International audienc

ASTERICS: A Tool for the ExploRation and Integration of omiCS data

International audienc

ASTERICS: A Tool for the ExploRation and Integration of omiCS data

International audienc