Dinâmica entre a alimentação habitual, anemia e segurança alimentar entre estudantes de Saúde no Amazonas

The aim of this work was to approach the dynamic between the usual food habit and the presence of iron deficiency anemia in students of health courses (Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing) from the Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), future professionals that deal with health education. At the beginning of the study, subjects were submitted to a questionnaire about their food habits (24-hour feeding recall and food frequency), use of medications, health history and demographic factors, and blood was collected for hemoglobin and iron study, and anthropometric data. 22 out of the 114 enrolled students have completed the survey - 64% females and 36% males; the mean age 19.8 and 26.2 years, respectively; anemia was detected in 18.2% of participants. Understanding of nutrition education is an essential, important and decisive factor for health and food safety

Vitamin D and prognostic factors in patients with severe Covid-19 in the amazon region

Vitamin D refers to a group of fat-soluble compounds involved in essential biological functions in the human body, besides playing a role in immunomodulation, lung and muscle function, cardiovascular health and in the prevention of infectious diseases. Evidence shows high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency worldwide, which is considered a public health problem. In the context of Covid-19, a correlation between low vitamin D levels and cases/mortality was identified and that vitamin D deficiency increased hospitalization and total mortality, verifying a strong association between disease severity and vitamin D3 deficiency. To evaluate data on vitamin D3 dosage in patients with severe Covid-19 in the Amazon region, correlating it with prognostic variables (nosographic and anthropometric data) arising from the disease. The medical records of patients of both sexes, belonging to age groups equal to or greater than 18 years old, with the diagnosis of severe Covid-19 were evaluated. This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study between October and November 2021 involving patients with severe Covid-19 that presented in their medical records anthropometric data, seen at urgent and emergency healthcare units in the city of Manaus-AM, Northern region of Brazil. The sample consisted of 68 patients with a mean age of 56.8 ± 20.0 years, 50% female and 50% male, with a mean BMI of 28.5 ± 6.2 kg/m2 and most of them overweight or obese (69.8%). Hypertension (57.1%) and Diabetes Mellitus (44.6%) were the most frequent comorbidities among the evaluated patients. Body mass index showed weak inverse correlation with vitamin D3 (P=0.044) and overweight/obese patients had lower vitamin D3 serum levels than eutrophic participants (P=0.004). Classification of serum vitamin D3 levels indicated that most patients were deficient. Significant relationships were found between vitamin D levels and the number of cases of Covid-19 and, especially, the mortality caused by this infection. The population group most vulnerable to the disease, the aging population, is also the one with the most deficient vitamin D levels

Nutritional therapeutic for the critically ill patients

Nutritional Therapeutic has a great impact on the treatment of the critically ill patient. Its choice and conduct, however, has been a matter of doubt and frequent errors. The choice of nutritional therapeutic and its route of administration must consider if the gastrointestinal tract is available. The enteral route will be used if the gastrointestinal tract is available. If it isn’t; like short bowel syndrome, or gastrointestinal haemorrhage, parenteral nutrition is indicated.This review has the objective of answer the most frequent questions and conduct the nutritional therapeutic in critically ill patients.  A Terapia Nutricional tem tido grande impacto na evolução do paciente grave. Sua escolha e manuseio, no entanto, têm sido alvo de dúvidas e erros freqüentes, principalmente no paciente crítico. A escolha da terapia nutricional a ser realizada, bem como sua via de administração deve levar em conta o quadro clínico e as condições gerais do paciente. A via oral/enteral de oferta de nutrientes, mais fisiológica, é a preferível. Portanto, sempre que possível, deve-se utilizar o trato gastrointestinal. Quando este não puder ser utilizado, a via parenteral está indicada, tanto no sentido de suplementar a nutrição enteral, como quando esta não consegue suprir toda a demanda de nutrientes, de que o paciente necessita. Esta revisão tem por objetivo apresentar e difundir a condução da terapia nutricional no paciente crítico, de forma prática e adequada. De maneira geral, a oferta calórica deverá atender às necessidades basais do paciente e a protéica fornecer material plástico para síntese protéica. Minerais, vitaminas e água deverão ser ajustados às necessidades e ao quadro clínico do paciente em questão

Interaction between Work and Metabolic Syndrome: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a clinical condition and a relevant risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases; it occurs as a result of lifestyle factors, e.g., work. The aim of this research was to estimate the interaction between work and MS among primary health care (PHC) nursing professionals in the state of Bahia, Brazil. A sectional multicentered study carried out in 43 municipalities in Bahia, whose study population consisted of nursing professionals. The exposure variables were occupation, professional exhaustion, and working time, and the outcome variable was MS. Interaction measures based on the additivity criteria were verified by calculating the excess risks due to the interactions and according to the proportion of cases attributed to the interactions and the synergy index. The global MS prevalence is 24.4%. There was a greater magnitude in the exposure group regarding the three investigated factors (average level occupation, professional exhaustion, and working time in PHC for more than 5 years), reaching an occurrence of 44.9% when compared to the prevalence of 13.1% in the non-exposure group (academic education, without professional burnout, and working time in PHC for up to 5 years). The study’s findings showed a synergistic interaction of work aspects for MS occurrence among PHC nursing professionals