Three-dimensional imaging of laser imploded targets

Copyright 1990 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. The following article appeared in Journal of Applied Physics, 68(4), 1483-1488, 1990 and may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.34667

Relationship between Body Surface Isopotential Map of Myocardial Infarction and Coronary Arteriographic Findings

Whether or not a significant interrelation exists between patterns of the body surface isopotential map and sites of coronary obstruction and left ventricular asynergy in old myocardial infarctions was investigated. The QRS departure map (Dmap) was defined as the area of which the potentials were lower than the mean-2 SD of normal controls. A Dmap developed on the upper area above the 5th intercostal space between the vertical lines of lead V 2 and lead V 3 in the anterior myocardial infarction, and on the lower parts of the right anterior chest and the left back in the inferior myocardial infarction. The asynergy of seg. 1 manifested by left ventriculograms corresponded to the Dmap of the upper points of the left anterior axillar line, and seg. 2 corresponded to the upper area above the 5th intercostal space between leads V 2 and V 3. The Dmaps were observed in the area of two intercostal spaces lower than usual V 2 and V 3 points between leads V 2 and V 3, and in the lower point of the left posterior axillar line corresponded to asynergy of seg. 3 and seg. 4, respectively. Asynergy of seg. 5 was represented in the leads of the lower part of the right anterior chest and the back. In patients with left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) lesions which involved the 1 st diagonal branch, the Dmap shifted significantly to the left and upper area in comparison with the Dmap of patients with a LAD obstruction distal to the branch. Patients with a LAD lesion involving the 1 st diagonal branch showed a Dmap in the area at one costal space higher between the vertical lines of leads V 1 and V 2 than patients with an intact diagonal branch. The Dmap could separate the inferior infarction due to right coronary artery (RCA) obstructions from the infarction due to left circumflex coronary artery (LCX) lesions: a RCA lesion showed a Dmap on the lower part of the right anterior chest, and a LCX lesion showed a Dmap on the lower part of the left back. These data suggested that the Dmap is of use in locating myocardial and coronary artery lesions in old myocardial infarctions

Genetic mutation analysis of the malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma by targeted amplicon sequencing

Background: The mechanism underlying the malignant transformation of inverted papilloma (IP) has not yet been elucidated. Methods: To clarify the genes responsible for the malignant transformation, we analyzed 10 cases of IP, 8 of IP with dysplasia, and 11 of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by targeted amplicon sequencing. Results: The number of mutant genes increased in the order of IP < dysplasia < SCC. Significant differences were observed in the mutation rates of three genes (KRAS, APC and STK11) in particular. TP53 was altered frequently in each group and might be involved in malignant transformation based on to the site of the mutation. A comparison of the genetic variants by region of IP tissue among patients with IP alone, and those with dysplasia or SCC revealed significant differences in the mutation rate of the KRAS gene. Conclusion: Identification of genetic mutations in KRAS is effective for predicting the malignant transformation of IP

Electrocardiographic changes after neurosurgery

Electrocardiograms (ECG) and laboratory data were studied in 130 neurosurgical patients before and after neurosurgery. The following results were obtained: 1. The postoperative ECG showed ST-T changes in 21 % of the cases with subarachnoid hemorrhage, 15 % with cerebral tumor, 37.5 % with supracellar tumor and 50 % with Parkinson syndrome. 2. In 50 % of subarachnoid hemorrhage and 47 % of cerebral tumor, postoperative ECG deteriorated within 1 week. After 2 weeks such deterioration was observed in only 37 % in the former cases and 43 % in the latter. 3. Postoperative ECGs were improved or unchanged in 83 % cases of cerebral bleeding, 75 % (within 1 week) and 83 % (after 2 weeks) of intracerebral bleeding, and in all of Parkinson syndrome. However, in the cases of supra-cellar tumor, postoperative ECGs deteriorated 100 % within 1 week and 75 % after 2 weeks. 4. Serum K(+) and Ca(++) were decreased significantly in the group with deteriorated postoperative ECGs. The R. B. C., Hb and Ht were decreased regardless of postoperative ECGs. 5. Postoperative ECGs deteriorated when the operation time lasted longer than 6 h or blood loss during the operation was over 1,000 ml

Oxidation-Resistant and Elastic Mesoporous Carbon with Single-Layer Graphene Walls

An oxidation-resistant and elastic mesoporous carbon, graphene mesosponge (GMS), is prepared. GMS has a sponge-like mesoporous framework (mean pore size is 5.8 nm) consisting mostly of single-layer graphene walls, which realizes a high electric conductivity and a large surface area (1940 m2 g−1). Moreover, the graphene-based framework includes only a very small amount of edge sites, thereby achieving much higher stability against oxidation than conventional porous carbons such as carbon blacks and activated carbons. Thus, GMS can simultaneously possess seemingly incompatible properties; the advantages of graphitized carbon materials (high conductivity and high oxidation resistance) and porous carbons (large surface area). These unique features allow GMS to exhibit a sufficient capacitance (125 F g−1), wide potential window (4 V), and good rate capability as an electrode material for electric double-layer capacitors utilizing an organic electrolyte. Hence, GMS achieves a high energy density of 59.3 Wh kg−1 (material mass base), which is more than twice that of commercial materials. Moreover, the continuous graphene framework makes GMS mechanically tough and extremely elastic, and its mean pore size (5.8 nm) can be reversibly compressed down to 0.7 nm by simply applying mechanical force. The sponge-like elastic property enables an advanced force-induced adsorption control.This work was supported by PRESTO, JST (H.N.); a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A), 15H01999 (T.K.); the Nano-Macro Materials, Devices and System Research Alliance; and the Network Joint Research Center for Materials and Devices

Echocardiographic and body surface mapping investigation of cardiac hypertrophy in cardiomyopathy and hypertension.

It is often difficult to diagnose between cardiomegaly due to essential hypertension (EH) and that due to idiopathic cardiomyopathy (ICM). For the purpose of finding some useful clinical data for differentiating between cardiomegaly due to EH and that due to ICM, we examined the E.C.G., chest X-P and U.C.G. findings of 66 cases of EH and 46 cases of ICM. Body surface isopotential mappings (maps) were studied in 16 cases of EH and 18 cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Among those showing ASH or SH patterns in U.C.G., the ages of the EH group were greater than those of the ICM group. The thickness of the intraventricular septum (IVST) and the IVST/PWT ratio were greater and the left ventricular diastolic dimenaion (LVDd) was smaller in the ICM group than in the EH group. Among EH patients, the age and the systolic blood pressure were greater in those with abnormal U.C.G. findings. The septal activation time (SAT) obtained from maps correlated well with the IVST (r=0.55, p<0.005) and IVST/PWT ratio (r=0.61, p<0.005) obtained from U.C.G. In all of the HCM cases, the values os SAT were over 30msec., the values of IVST over 25mm and the IVST/PWT ratio over 2.0. These results suggest that these parameters should discriminate cardiomegaly due to EH from that due to ICM