8 research outputs found
Comprehensive Fragment Screening of the SARS-CoV-2 Proteome Explores Novel Chemical Space for Drug Development
12 pags., 4 figs., 3 tabs.SARS-CoV-2 (SCoV2) and its variants of concern pose serious challenges to the public health. The variants increased challenges to vaccines, thus necessitating for development of new intervention strategies including anti-virals. Within the international Covid19-NMR consortium, we have identified binders targeting the RNA genome of SCoV2. We established protocols for the production and NMR characterization of more than 80â% of all SCoV2 proteins. Here, we performed an NMR screening using a fragment library for binding to 25 SCoV2 proteins and identified hits also against previously unexplored SCoV2 proteins. Computational mapping was used to predict binding sites and identify functional moieties (chemotypes) of the ligands occupying these pockets. Striking consensus was observed between NMR-detected binding sites of the main protease and the computational procedure. Our investigation provides novel structural and chemical space for structure-based drug design against the SCoV2 proteome.Work at BMRZ is supported by the state of Hesse. Work in Covid19-NMR
was supported by the Goethe Corona Funds, by the IWBEFRE-program 20007375 of state of Hesse, the DFG
through CRC902: âMolecular Principles of RNA-based regulation.â and through infrastructure funds (project
numbers: 277478796, 277479031, 392682309, 452632086, 70653611) and by European Unionâs Horizon 2020 research and innovation program iNEXT-discovery under grant agreement No 871037. BY-COVID receives funding from the European Unionâs Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement number 101046203. âINSPIREDâ (MIS 5002550) project, implemented under the Action âReinforcement of the Research and Innovation Infrastructure,â funded by the Operational
Program âCompetitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovationâ (NSRF 2014â2020) and co-financed by Greece and the EU (European Regional Development Fund) and the FP7 REGPOT CT-2011-285950ââSEE-DRUGâ project (purchase of UPATâs 700 MHz NMR equipment). The support of the CERM/CIRMMP center of Instruct-ERIC is gratefully acknowledged. This work has been funded in part by a grant of the Italian Ministry of University and Research (FISR2020IP_02112, ID-COVID) and by Fondazione CR
Firenze. A.S. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [SFB902/B16, SCHL2062/2-1] and the Johanna Quandt Young Academy at Goethe [2019/AS01]. M.H. and C.F. thank SFB902 and the Stiftung Polytechnische Gesellschaft for the Scholarship. L.L. work was supported by the French National Research Agency (ANR, NMR-SCoV2-ORF8), the Fondation de la Recherche MĂ©dicale (FRM, NMR-SCoV2-ORF8), FINOVI and the IR-RMN-THC Fr3050 CNRS. Work at UConn Health was supported by grants from the US National Institutes of Health (R01 GM135592 to B.H., P41 GM111135 and R01 GM123249 to J.C.H.) and the US National Science Foundation (DBI 2030601 to J.C.H.). Latvian Council of Science Grant No. VPP-COVID-2020/1-0014. National Science Foundation EAGER MCB-2031269. This work was supported by the grant Krebsliga KFS-4903-08-2019 and SNF-311030_192646 to J.O. P.G. (ITMP) The EOSC Future project is co-funded by the European Union Horizon Programme call INFRAEOSC-03-2020âGrant Agreement
Number 101017536. Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEALPeer reviewe
Let's get interested with sea buckthorn. Preparations of sea buckthorn as food additives and assessment of their market in Poland
Unikalny skĆad chemiczny rokitnika zwyczajnego Hippophae rhamnoides L. sprawia, ĆŒe moĆŒe on speĆniaÄ w produkcie zarĂłwno funkcje konserwantu, dodatku, jak rĂłwnieĆŒ skĆadnika podnoszÄ
cego wartoĆÄ odĆŒywczÄ
produktu (np. jako wsad jogurtowy). WartoĆÄ ta polega przede wszystkim na duĆŒej zawartoĆci fenolokwasĂłw, nienasyconych kwasĂłw tĆuszczowych, witamin (zarĂłwno tych rozpuszczalnych w tĆuszczach jak i w wodzie), a takĆŒe bogactwa mikroelementĂłw. Celem pracy byĆo przedstawienie wiedzy na temat preparatĂłw z rokitnika zwyczajnego, wykorzystania ich w przemyĆle spoĆŒywczym oraz ogĂłlna charakterystyka tej roĆliny, z wyszczegĂłlnieniem walorĂłw odĆŒywczych. Dodatkowym celem pracy byĆa analiza znajomoĆci rokitnika i jego preparatĂłw wĆrĂłd polskich konsumentĂłw. Preparaty z rokitnika jako dodatki do ĆŒywnoĆci w naszym kraju nie sÄ
jeszcze powszechnie stosowane. Z przeprowadzonych badaĆ wynika, iĆŒ ponad 50% ankietowanych osĂłb nie sĆyszaĆo o rokitniku zwyczajnym, zaĆ przeszĆo 80% nie spotkaĆo siÄ z produktami, w ktĂłrych skĆadzie rokitnik byĆ zawarty.The unique chemical composition of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) makes it an excellent food additive that can act as preservative, additive, as well as the component of the nutritional value. This is due to a high content of phenolic acids, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins (both fat and water soluble), and the broad range of micronutrients. Preparations of sea buckthorn as food additives in Poland are not yet widely used. The aim of this study was to present the knowledge of the preparation of sea buckthorn, their use in the food industry and to describe the general characteristics of this plant detailing its nutritional value. An additional aim of this study was to analyze the knowledge of sea buckthorn and its preparations among Polish consumers. Hereby presented survey revealed, that more than half of respondents hadn't heard of Sea Buckthorn before, and over 80% never met products containing extracts of this plant
Oxidation of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis key virulence factor protein tyrosine phosphatase A (MptpA) reduces its phosphatase activity
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis tyrosine-specific phosphatase MptpA and its cognate kinase PtkA are prospective targets for anti-tuberculosis drugs as they interact with the host defense response within the macrophages. Although both are structurally well-characterized, the functional mechanism regulating their activity remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate the effect of post-translational oxidation in regulating the function of MptpA. Treatment of MptpA with H2O2/NaHCO3, mimicking cellular oxidative stress conditions, leads to oxidation of the catalytic cysteine (C11) and to a conformational rearrangement of the phosphorylation loop (D-loop) by repositioning the conserved tyrosine 128 (Y128) and generating a temporarily inactive preclosed state of the phosphatase. Thus, the catalytic cysteine in the P-loop acts as a redox switch and regulates the phosphatase activity of MptpA
Structural characterization of the intrinsically disordered domain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein tyrosine kinase A
Although intrinsically disordered proteins or protein domains (IDPs or IDD) are less abundant in bacteria than in eukaryotes, their presence in pathogenic bacterial proteins is important for protein-protein interactions. The protein tyrosine kinase A (PtkA) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis possesses an 80-residue disordered region (IDDPtkA ) of unknown function, located N-terminally to the well-folded kinase core domain. Here, we characterize the conformation of IDDPtkA under varying biophysical conditions and phosphorylation using NMR-spectroscopy. Our results confirm that the N-terminal domain of PtkA exists as an IDD at physiological pH. Furthermore, phosphorylation of IDDPtkA increases the activity of PtkA. Our findings will complement future approaches in understanding molecular mechanisms of key proteins in pathogenic virulence
19F NMR-based fragment screening for 14 different biologically active RNAs and 10 DNA and protein counter-screens
We report here the nuclear magnetic resonance 19F screening of 14 RNA targets with different secondary and tertiary structure to systematically assess the druggability of RNAs. Our RNA targets include representative bacterial riboswitches that naturally bind with nanomolar affinity and high specificity to cellular metabolites of low molecular weight. Based on counter-screens against five DNAs and five proteins, we can show that RNA can be specifically targeted. To demonstrate the quality of the initial fragment library that has been designed for easy follow-up chemistry, we further show how to increase binding affinity from an initial fragment hit by chemistry that links the identified fragment to the intercalator acridine. Thus, we achieve low-micromolar binding affinity without losing binding specificity between two different terminator structures
Exploring the druggability of conserved RNA regulatory elements in the SARS-CoV-2 genome
SARS-CoV-2 contains a positive single-stranded RNA genome of approximately 30â000 nucleotides. Within this genome, 15 RNA elements were identified as conserved between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. By nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we previously determined that these elements fold independently, in line with data from in vivo and ex-vivo structural probing experiments. These elements contain non-base-paired regions that potentially harbor ligand-binding pockets. Here, we performed an NMR-based screening of a poised fragment library of 768 compounds for binding to these RNAs, employing three different 1H-based 1D NMR binding assays. The screening identified common as well as RNA-element specific hits. The results allow selection of the most promising of the 15 RNA elements as putative drug targets. Based on the identified hits, we derive key functional units and groups in ligands for effective targeting of the RNA of SARS-CoV-2
Comprehensive Fragment Screening of the SARSâCoVâ2 Proteome Explores Novel Chemical Space for Drug Development
SARSâCoVâ2 (SCoV2) and its variants of concern pose serious challenges to the public health. The variants increased challenges to vaccines, thus necessitating for development of new intervention strategies including antiâvirals. Within the international Covid19âNMR consortium, we have identified binders targeting the RNA genome of SCoV2. We established protocols for the production and NMR characterization of more than 80 % of all SCoV2 proteins. Here, we performed an NMR screening using a fragment library for binding to 25 SCoV2 proteins and identified hits also against previously unexplored SCoV2 proteins. Computational mapping was used to predict binding sites and identify functional moieties (chemotypes) of the ligands occupying these pockets. Striking consensus was observed between NMRâdetected binding sites of the main protease and the computational procedure. Our investigation provides novel structural and chemical space for structureâbased drug design against the SCoV2 proteome