74 research outputs found
Can Taxpayers Stand Discrimination?: Lack of Standing and the Religious Freedom Restoration Act Permits the Executive Branch to Fund Discrimination Within Religious Organizations
The Density Functional Theory (DFT) and ab initio (HF and MP2) calculations were performed on the quinoline molecule (QL) and its derivatives, namely quinaldine (QLD) and quinaldic acid (QLDA) to investigate their possible role as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic medium. Calculations were done for non-protonated and protonated forms in vacuo and in water. Some quantum chemical parameters were calculated and discussed in order to provide insight into the reactivity and selectivity of the molecules. The performance of the different calculation methods were also compared with available experimental data. The results show that DFT/B3LYP basis set is adequate in describing the geometry and quantum chemical parameters of the studied systems. Both experimental and theoretical results established that QLDA has the highest inhibition efficiency. A comparison in the trends of the quantum chemical parameters in water solution and in vacuo shows minimal influence of the solvent effects
Space-time inhomogeneity, anisotropy and gravitational collapse
We investigate the evolution of non-adiabatic collapse of a shear-free
spherically symmetric stellar configuration with anisotropic stresses
accompanied with radial heat flux. The collapse begins from a curvature
singularity with infinite mass and size on an inhomogeneous space-time
background. The collapse is found to proceed without formation of an even
horizon to singularity when the collapsing configuration radiates all its mass
energy. The impact of inhomogeneity on various parameters of the collapsing
stellar configuration is examined in some specific space-time backgrounds.Comment: To appear in Gen. Relativ. Gra
Spherically symmetric dissipative anisotropic fluids: A general study
The full set of equations governing the evolution of self--gravitating
spherically symmetric dissipative fluids with anisotropic stresses is deployed
and used to carry out a general study on the behaviour of such systems, in the
context of general relativity. Emphasis is given to the link between the Weyl
tensor, the shear tensor, the anisotropy of the pressure and the density
inhomogeneity. In particular we provide the general, necessary and sufficient,
condition for the vanishing of the spatial gradients of energy density, which
in turn suggests a possible definition of a gravitational arrow of time. Some
solutions are also exhibited to illustrate the discussion.Comment: 28 pages Latex. To appear in Phys.Rev.
Spherically Symmetric Braneworld Solutions with R_{4} term in the Bulk
An analysis of a spherically symmetric braneworld configuration is performed
when the intrinsic curvature scalar is included in the bulk action; the
vanishing of the electric part of the Weyl tensor is used as the boundary
condition for the embedding of the brane in the bulk. All the solutions outside
a static localized matter distribution are found; some of them are of the
Schwarzschild-(A)dS_{4} form. Two modified Oppenheimer-Volkoff interior
solutions are also found; one is matched to a Schwarzschild-(A)dS_{4} exterior,
while the other does not. A non-universal gravitational constant arises,
depending on the density of the considered object; however, the conventional
limits of the Newton's constant are recovered. An upper bound of the order of
TeV for the energy string scale is extracted from the known solar system
measurements (experiments). On the contrary, in usual brane dynamics, this
string scale is calculated to be larger than TeV.Comment: 23 pages, 1 figure, one minor chang
Plane-symmetric inhomogeneous magnetized viscous fluid universe with a variable
The behavior of magnetic field in plane symmetric inhomogeneous cosmological
models for bulk viscous distribution is investigated. The coefficient of bulk
viscosity is assumed to be a power function of mass density . The values of cosmological constant for these models are
found to be small and positive which are supported by the results from recent
supernovae Ia observations. Some physical and geometric aspects of the models
are also discussed.Comment: 18 pages, LaTex, no figur
Gravitational Collapse in Generalized Vaidya Space-Time for Lovelock Gravity Theory
In this work, we have assumed the generalized Vaidya solution in Lovelock
theory of gravity in -dimensions. It has been shown that Gauss-Bonnet
gravity, dimensionally continued Lovelock gravity and pure Lovelock gravity can
be constructed by suitable choice of parameters. We have investigated the
occurrence of singularities formed by the gravitational collapse in above three
particular forms of Lovelock theory of gravity. The dependence of the nature of
singularity on the existence of radial null geodesic for Vaidya space-time has
been specially considered. In all the three models, we have shown that the
nature of singularities (naked singularity or black hole) completely depend on
the parameters. Choices of various parameters are shown in tabular form. In
Gauss-Bonnet gravity theory, it can be concluded that the possibility of naked
singularity increases with increase in dimensions. In dimensionally continued
Lovelock gravity, the naked singularity is possible for odd dimensions for
several values of parameters. In pure Lovelock gravity, only black hole forms
due to the gravitational collapse for any values of parameters. It has been
shown that when accretion is taking place on a collapsing object, it is highly
unlikely to get a black hole. Finally on considering the phantom era in the
expanding universe it is observed that there is no possibility of formation of
a black hole if we are in the Gauss-Bonnet gravity considering the accreting
procedure upon a collapsing object.Comment: 11 page
A global research priority agenda to advance public health responses to fatty liver disease
Background & aims
An estimated 38% of adults worldwide have non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). From individual impacts to widespread public health and economic consequences, the implications of this disease are profound. This study aimed to develop an aligned, prioritised fatty liver disease research agenda for the global health community.
Methods
Nine co-chairs drafted initial research priorities, subsequently reviewed by 40 core authors and debated during a three-day in-person meeting. Following a Delphi methodology, over two rounds, a large panel (R1 n = 344, R2 n = 288) reviewed the priorities, via Qualtrics XM, indicating agreement using a four-point Likert-scale and providing written feedback. The core group revised the draft priorities between rounds. In R2, panellists also ranked the priorities within six domains: epidemiology, models of care, treatment and care, education and awareness, patient and community perspectives, and leadership and public health policy.
Results
The consensus-built fatty liver disease research agenda encompasses 28 priorities. The mean percentage of ‘agree’ responses increased from 78.3 in R1 to 81.1 in R2. Five priorities received unanimous combined agreement (‘agree’ + ‘somewhat agree’); the remaining 23 priorities had >90% combined agreement. While all but one of the priorities exhibited at least a super-majority of agreement (>66.7% ‘agree’), 13 priorities had 90% combined agreement.
Conclusions
Adopting this multidisciplinary consensus-built research priorities agenda can deliver a step-change in addressing fatty liver disease, mitigating against its individual and societal harms and proactively altering its natural history through prevention, identification, treatment, and care. This agenda should catalyse the global health community’s efforts to advance and accelerate responses to this widespread and fast-growing public health threat.
Impact and implications
An estimated 38% of adults and 13% of children and adolescents worldwide have fatty liver disease, making it the most prevalent liver disease in history. Despite substantial scientific progress in the past three decades, the burden continues to grow, with an urgent need to advance understanding of how to prevent, manage, and treat the disease. Through a global consensus process, a multidisciplinary group agreed on 28 research priorities covering a broad range of themes, from disease burden, treatment, and health system responses to awareness and policy. The findings have relevance for clinical and non-clinical researchers as well as funders working on fatty liver disease and non-communicable diseases more broadly, setting out a prioritised, ranked research agenda for turning the tide on this fast-growing public health threat
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Not AvailableSome growth models used in fisheries are inappropriate for use with species whose growth is seasonal due to the assumption that growth is invariant over time. A modified version of the logistic model that incorporates cyclical (or seasonal) fluctuations in growth gave significantly improved results when it was fitted to observations of length-at-age from Tor putitora. The modified logistic model was obtained by introducing a sine wave function into the original model.Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR
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