Analysis of Black Spots on NH-3 and Its Rectification

This study based on the road safety and detailed study of black spot. National Highways accounts for a considerable percentage of these accidents foremost to massive economical loss and exaggerated the development of the country. Main aim of this paper to Identification of black spot and detailed studies for Analysis of Black Spots and its Rectification. In this study, the techniques and methods that are used for Selection of project study stretch (where high accidents occurred), accident data collection system, Bifurcation of data for better observation, analysis of black spots and black zones are included. Identification of black spot on the basis of several identification methods which are concluded in this paper. Also, it includes some techniques that are used to profile these accident locations and the use of before and after studies to estimate the effect of treatment on the Black spots zone. Methodology of rectification on the basis of short term measures, long term measures, mitigation measure, or improvement of geometric design which is depended on existing road condition are concluded in this paper

Effect of sitagliptin on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes

BACKGROUND: Data are lacking on the long-term effect on cardiovascular events of adding sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor, to usual care in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind study, we assigned 14,671 patients to add either sitagliptin or placebo to their existing therapy. Open-label use of antihyperglycemic therapy was encouraged as required, aimed at reaching individually appropriate glycemic targets in all patients. To determine whether sitagliptin was noninferior to placebo, we used a relative risk of 1.3 as the marginal upper boundary. The primary cardiovascular outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for unstable angina. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 3.0 years, there was a small difference in glycated hemoglobin levels (least-squares mean difference for sitagliptin vs. placebo, -0.29 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.32 to -0.27). Overall, the primary outcome occurred in 839 patients in the sitagliptin group (11.4%; 4.06 per 100 person-years) and 851 patients in the placebo group (11.6%; 4.17 per 100 person-years). Sitagliptin was noninferior to placebo for the primary composite cardiovascular outcome (hazard ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.88 to 1.09; P<0.001). Rates of hospitalization for heart failure did not differ between the two groups (hazard ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.20; P = 0.98). There were no significant between-group differences in rates of acute pancreatitis (P = 0.07) or pancreatic cancer (P = 0.32). CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease, adding sitagliptin to usual care did not appear to increase the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, hospitalization for heart failure, or other adverse events

Analysis of Black Spots on NH-3 and It’s Rectification

This study based on the road safety and detailed study of black spot.  National Highways accounts for a considerable percentage of these accidents foremost to massive economical loss and exaggerated the development of the country. Main aim of this paper to Identification of black spot and detailed studies for Analysis of Black Spots and its Rectification. In this study, the techniques and methods that are used for Selection of project study stretch (where high accidents occurred), accident data collection system, Bifurcation of data for better observation, analysis of black spots and black zones are included. Identification of black spot on the basis of several identification methods which are concluded in this paper. Also, it includes some techniques that are used to profile these accident locations and the use of before and after studies to estimate the effect of treatment on the Black spots zone. Methodology of rectification on the basis of short term measures, long term measures, mitigation measure, or improvement of geometric design which is depended on existing road condition are concluded in this paper