The Support to Improve Self Efficacy and Healing of Drugs Addict

Appropriate counseling and education can be adopted to achieve a change in attitude, knowledge and perception. Still there is a wrong perception of a given intervention. Peer support through a process of social learning, the process of growing understanding of how to process information from experience, observational include: attention (attention), given (retention), reproduction of motion (reproduction), motivation (motivation), and communication. The purpose of this study was to analyze resident self-efficacy to regardless of drug addiction through family support. This study employed qualitative approach with case study design. Subjects in this study were residents, ex drugs user, peer support, and resident family. The results showed that peer support from fellow residents and the support of the major on duty (MOD) very meaningful and helpful for resident in the healing process

Improving the Development of Children with Neurodevelopment Disorder by Empowering the Occupational Therapists in Aquatic Program

Background: There are different therapies that can be used to help the development of children with neurodevelopmental disorder, one of which is aquatic therapy. This therapy was a recreational therapy that involves the use of water and it plays an important role in enhancing the child’s quality of life and improving productivity. Therapists use specifically-designed water activities to help children restore, improve, and enhance their functions.This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of occupational therapist empowerment training in aquatic program on the knowledge, attitude, and competence of occupational therapists, and the effectiveness aquatic therapy on improving the development of children with neurodevelopment disorder. Subjects and Method: This was a quasi experiment study with pre and post test design. A sample of 88 occupational therapists were selected for this experiment. Knowledge, attitude, and competence of the therapists before and after empowerment training were measured and compared. Likewise, 78 children with neurodevelopmental disorder in Central Java who were under treatment by the occupational therapists were measured and compared before and after the occupational therapist empowerment training, in terms of motoric and sensoric development. The data were analyzed by linear regression analysis model. Results: Empowerment training significantly increased knowledge (b=3.95; 95% CI= 3.55 to 4.34; p<0.001), attitude (b=3.49; 95% CI= 2.84 to 4.14; p<0.001), and competence (b=2.73; 95% CI= 1.93 to 3.53; p<0.001) of the occupational therapists. Aquatic therapy resulting from empowerment training significantly increased motoric (b=1.39; 95% CI= 1.04 to 1.74; p<0.001), and sensoric (b=2.79; 95% CI= 2.13 to 3.45; p<0.001) development of children with neurodevelopment disorder. Conclusion: Empowerment training effectively increases knowledge, attitude, and competence of occupational therapists. In turn, aquatic therapy conducted by the occupational therapists effectively increases motoric and sensoric development of children with neurodevelopment disorder. Keywords: Occupational therapist,aquatic program, empowerment training, competence, motoric development, sensoric development, neurodevelopment disorder, childre

Theory of Planned Behavior: Associations between Intention, Knowledge, and Use of Visual Inspection Acetic Acid

Background: Icek Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) puts that intention precedes health behavior. That is, any health behavior takes place deliberately after the emergence of intervention. This study aimed to test if TPB can be used to explain the uptake of visual inspection acetic acid (VIA) screening for cervical cancer. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at 5 Community Health Centers (CHC) in Sragen, Central Java, from April to May 2018. A sample of 200 women of reproductive age were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling, composing of 50 women who used VIA and 150 women who did not use VIA. The dependent variable was use of VIA. The independent variable were intention and knowledge on VIA and cervical cancer. The data were collected by questionnaire. Data on VIA was obtained from medical record at CHC. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: The use of VIA was associated with intention (OR= 48.02; 95% CI= 13.66 to 168.83; p<0.001) and knowledge (OR= 13.41; 95%CI= 2.82 to 63.73; p= 0.001). Nagelkerke R2= 61.1%. Conclusion: The use of VIA is associated with intention and knowledge. Keywords: intention, knowledge, visual inspection acetic aci

The Effects of Nutrition Intake and Peer Role on Overweight among Adolescents: A Path Analysis From Karanganyar, Central Java

Background: The adolescent period is associated with changes in eating and activity behaviors. Peer experiences have been theoretically and empirically related to the “Big Two” contributors to the obesity epidemic, unhealthy eating and physical inactivity among adolescents. This study aimed to examine the effects of nutrition intake and peer role on overweight among adolescents. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 25 junior high schools in Karanganyar, Central Java, in December 2017. A sample of 200 students was selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was overweight. The independent variables were nutrition intake, snacking habit, physical activity, maternal education, family income, and peer role. Data on body weight were measured by weight scale. Data on height were measured by microtoise. The other variables were measured by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by path analysis. Results: The risk of overweight in adolescents was directly and positively affected by high nutrition intake (b= 2.04; 95% CI= 1.21 to 2.87; p<0.001), high snacking habit (b= 1.28; 95% CI= 0.43 to 2.14; p= 0.003), and strong peer role (b= 1.98; 95% CI= 1.16 to 2.81; p<0.001), but negatively affected by high physical activity (b= -2.11; 95% CI= -2.95 to -1.26; p<0.001). The risk of overweight in adolescents was indirectly affected by maternal education and family income. Conclusion: The risk of overweight in adolescents is directly and positively affected by high nutrition intake, high snacking habit, and strong peer role, but negatively affected by high physical activity. The risk of overweight in adolescents is indirectly affected by maternal education and family income. Keywords: overweight, nutrition intake, snacking habit, physical activity, maternal education, family income, peer rol

Factors Associated with Years of Life with Disability in Patients with Leprosy: A Path Analysis Evidence from Kelet Hospital, Central Java

Background: Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae or Mycobacterium lepromatosis. World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the number of leprosy casesin 2015 was 211,973 in 108 countries in the world. The number of leprosy cases in Indonesia ranks third after India and Brazil. There are 14,000 (8%) leprosy cases with disability. This study aimed to determine factors affecting disability and Years of Life with Disability (YLD) attributable to leprosy in patients with leprosy at Kelet Hospital, Central Java. Subjects and Method: This was a case control study conducted at Kelet Hospital, Central Java, from December 2017 to January 2018. A total sample of 140 leprosy patients was selected for this study using fixed disease sampling, consisting of 70 patients with disability and 70 patients without disability. The dependent variables were disability and YLD. The independent variables were age, education level, and self care. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis. Results: Disability increases YLD (b= 0.37; 95% CI= 0.31 to 0.43; p<0.001). Disability increased with older age (b= 1.41; 95% CI= 0.38 to 2.43; p= 0.007) and decreased with better self care (b= -3.80; 95% CI= -4.90 to -2.71; p<0.001). Better self care increased with high education level (b= 1.96; 95% CI= 1.03 to 2.89; p<0.001). Conclusion: Older age increases the risk of disability, whereas self care decreases the risk of disability. Disability itself increases YLD. Higher education improves self care. Keywords: leprosy, disability, years of life with disability, determinan

Health Belief Model on The Determinants of Self Care among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Promoting self-care and self-management behaviors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus related have been associated with improved clinical outcomes, fewer complications, enhanced glycaemic control, and quality of life. This study aimed to analyze the determinants of self care among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, using Health Belief Model. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study carried out at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java, from March to April 2018. A sample of 200 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was selected by total sampling. The dependent variable was self preventive care. The independent variables were perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, and cues to action. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: Self preventive care in type 2 diabetes mellitus increased with strong perceived susceptibility (OR= 2.56; 95% CI= 1.11 to 5.91; p= 0.027), strong perceived severity (OR= 6.56; 95% CI= 3.03 to 14.22; p<0.001), and cues to action (OR= 4.38; 95% CI= 1.81 to 10.56; p<0.001). Conclusion: Self preventive care in type 2 diabetes mellitus increases with perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and cues to action. Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, self preventive care, health belief mode

Factors Associated with Quality of Health Services and The Contextual Effect of Community Health Center

Background: The quality of the employees’ workplace environment impacts on their motivation level and hence performance. When employees have the desire, physically and emotionally to work, then their performance shall be increased. Work performance in turn affects the quality of health service. This study aimed to determine factors associated with quality of health service at Puskesmas (community health center) taking account of the contextual effect of Puskesmas as the workplace. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at Puskesmas Surakarta and Karanganyar, Central Java, from June to July 2018. A total of 25 Puskesmas was selected for this study. A sample of 225 patients was selected for this study. The dependent variable was quality of health service. The independent variables were patient income, health insurance status, educational status, work motivation of the doctor, work satisfaction of the doctor, experience of the doctor, and accreditation of Puskesmas. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multilevel logistic regression. Results: The quality of health service in Puskesmas increased with patient income (b= 0.39; 95% CI= 0.19 to 0.59; p<0.001), health insurance status (b= 0.39; 95% CI= 0.22 to 0.64; p<0.001), educational status (b= 0.26; 95% CI= 0.15 to 0.36; p<0.001), work satisfaction of the doctor (b= 0.08; 95% CI= 0.04 to 0.12; p<0.001), and accreditation of Puskesmas (b= 1.90; 95% CI= 1.60 to 2.20; p<0.001). The effects of doctor’s motivation and experiences were not statistically significant. Puskesmas had a substantial contextual effect on the quality of health service with intraclass correlation (ICC) = 34.31%. Conclusion: The quality of health service in Puskesmas increases with patient income, health insurance status, educational status, work satisfaction of the doctor, and accreditation of Puskesmas. Keywords: contextual factor, motivation, work satisfaction, accreditation, quality of health service, Puskesma