EFEK PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL SELEDRI (Apium graveolens L.) TERHADAP KADAR ASAM URAT PADA TIKUS PUTIH (Sprague dawley) MODEL CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di seluruh dunia. CKD terjadi akibat pengurangan nefron fungsional dan penurunan laju filtrasi glomerulus (GFR) sehingga terjadi penurunan fungsi ginjal yang akan menyebabkan gangguan dalam proses fisiologik ginjal, terutama dalam hal ekskresi zat-zat sisa termasuk asam urat. Laju filtrasi glomerulus ≤50% mulai terjadi peningkatan kadar kreatinin, urea, dan juga asam urat. Peningkatan asam urat akan terus bertambah seiring dengan penurunan (LFG). Perlu upaya untuk pencegahan progresifitas CKD. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan memanfaatkan bahan alam yaitu seledri. Seledri mempunyai efek sebagai sebagai anti inflamasi, antioksidan, antihipertensi dengan kandungan flavonoid, saponin, tanin 1%, minyak asiri, apiin, apigenin, kolin, asparagines, zat pahit, vitamin A, B, dan C. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek pemberian ekstrak etenol seledri terhadap kadar asam urat pada tikus model CKD. Sebanyak 25 ekor tikus putih dibagi dalam 5 kelompok. Kelompok 1: kontrol sham, kelompok 2: kontrol sakit, kelompok 3, 4, dan 5: kelompok 5/6 nefrektomi subtotal dan diberi ekstrak etanol seledri dosis 250, 500, dan 1000 mg/kgBB 14 hari sebelum dan 14 hari setelah pembuatan model 5/6 nefrektomi subtotal. Asam urat diperiksa menggunakan sampel serum darah. Data dianalisis dengan uji Kruskal-Wallis dilanjutkan dengan uji post hoc Mann Whitney dengan signifikansi p<0,05. Rerata kadar asam urat kelompok A: 0,618±0,044, B: 1,400±0,231, C: 1,394±0,112, D: 1,586±0,434, E: 1,632±0,212. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna rerata kadar asam urat antara kelompok A dibanding kelompok B, C, D, dan E. Kadar asam urat kelompok C lebih rendah dibanding kelompok B namun tidak berbeda signifikan, dan kadar asam urat kelompok D dan E lebih tinggi dibanding kelompok B. Pemberian ekstrak etanol seledri tidak dapat mencegah peningkatan kadar asam urat pada tikus model CKD

CORRELATION OF SALIVARY TESTOSTERONE LEVELS WITH EXTROVERTED PERSONALITY IN STUDENTS OF THE FACULTY OF MEDICINE JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN UNIVERSITY

Testosterone is the main male sex hormone produced by Leydig cells in the testis. Measurement of testosterone levels can use saliva samples. Testosterone has many roles in reproductive and non-reproductive functions, such as behavior. Behavior includes aggressive and dominant traits. Aggressive behavior has a relationship with extrovert personality. This study aims to determine the correlation of salivary testosterone levels with extroverted personality in students of the Faculty of Medicine Jenderal Soedirman University. This study is observational with a cross-sectional study design. The number of subjects in this study was 26 students taken with consecutive sampling, with inclusion criteria of male aged 17-25 years, agreed to informed consent, BMI 18-24,9 kg/m2, didn’t smoke, and didn’t consume alcohol. Testosterone level was measured with a Salimetrics ELISA kit. Measurement of extrovert personality using the MBTI questionnaire. The normality test of the data used the Saphiro-Wilk test and bivariate analysis using the Pearson correlative parametric test. The results of measurements on the subjects obtained salivary testosterone levels 11,64±2,51 pg/mL and extrovert personality 41,02±19,74 %. The results of the Pearson correlation test salivary testosterone with extroverted personality values obtained p = 0,007 and r = 0,517 which means that there is a significant correlation between salivary testosterone levels and extrovert personality. The conclusion of this study is there is a correlation between salivary testosterone levels and extrovert personality in students of the Faculty of Medicine Jenderal Soedirman University

Mid-Upper Arm Circumference vs Body Mass Index in Association with Blood Pressure in Young Men: A Cross-Sectional Study

Hypertension and obesity are major risks factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is one of the leading causes of mortality. Many studies have shown that body mass index (BMI) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurements are associated with blood pressure in children and adults. However, the association has not been studied extensively in young men. This study aims to investigate the correlation between BMI with blood pressure and MUAC and MUAC with blood pressure in young men. This is a cross-sectional study that consisted of 38 male participants who met the criteria. Blood pressure, BMI, and MUAC were measured using standard procedures. The mean of BMI, MUAC, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (SBP) was 24.68±4.41 kg/m2, 30.23±5.45 cm, 117.39±10.47 mmHg, and 75.57±8.44 mmHg, respectively. The Pearson correlation test between the BMI with SBP and BMI with DBP was statistically significant (p≤0.05) with r=0.446 and r=0.537, respectively. Contrarily, the MUAC and blood pressure show no significant association. This study concluded a moderate positive correlation of BMI with systolic and diastolic blood pressure in young men subjects.

Fat mass as the main contributor to the Body Mass Index of obese patients in Banyumas Regency

Body Mass Index (BMI) measurement is the indicator most often used to identify whether a person is obese or not. However, BMI is not always synonymous with body fat mass because many other body components that play a role in determining BMI, such as muscle mass and bone mass. This study aims to determine whether the BMI of obese patients can represent body fat mass. This study was a cross-sectional study. A total of 76 obese women aged 18-34 years were taken by consecutive sampling. The examination of height and weight were performed to determine the BMI. Meanwhile, the measurements of fat mass, muscle mass, and bone mass were carried out using a bioelectric impedance analyzer (BIA). Analysis of data used Pearson correlation test and Multiple Linear Regression analysis. The level of significance was at p<0.05. The results of the Pearson correlation test showed that there was a significant correlation between fat mass, muscle mass, bone mass, and BMI (p=0.000). Multivariate test using Multiple Linear Regression analysis showed that only fat mass has a significant relationship with BMI (p=0.000), R square=0.978, and the regression equation BMI = -2.860+0.807 fat mass. The main contributor to the BMI of obese patients in Banyumas was fat mass. For every 1% increase in fat mass, the BMI will increase by 0.80

Penyuluhan pentingnya berjalan kaki bagi peningkatan kebugaran siswa SMPIT Harapan Bunda Purwokerto di masa pandemi

Kebugaran fisik adalah kemampuan tubuh untuk menjalankan aktifitas sehari-hari tanpa mengalami kelelahan. Di masa pandemi, dimana diterapkan sistem pembelajaran jarak jauh, terdapat masalah penurunan kebugaran fisik pada banyak siswa SMPIT Harapan Bunda Purwokerto yang ditandai dengan siswa mengeluh cepat lelah. Tujuan dari kegiatan penyuluhan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kesadaran siswa dan guru akan pentingnya menjaga kebugaran fisik sekaligus mengenalkan teknik berjalan kaki yang dapat dilakukan di dalam rumah selama masa pandemi. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan dalam 3 tahapan yaitu persiapan, penyuluhan dengan metode ceramah dan praktek, serta pendampingan. Sebanyak 51 peserta hadir yang merupakan perwakilan dari siswa dan guru. Hasil penilaian pengetahuan didapatkan peningkatan sebesar 5,2% dan hasil uji statistik menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna (p≤0,05). Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa siswa mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan setelah mengikuti kegiatan penyuluhan.Physical fitness is the body's ability to carry out daily activities without experiencing fatigue. During the pandemic, where the online learning system was implemented, there was a problem of decreasing physical fitness in many students of SMPIT Harapan Bunda Purwokerto which was marked by students complaining of getting tired quickly. The purpose of this counseling activity is to increase student and teacher understanding of the importance of maintaining physical fitness while introducing walking techniques that can be done at home during the pandemic. This activity is carried out in 3 stages, preparation, counseling with lecture and practice methods, and mentoring, respectively. A total of 51 participants attended which were representatives of students and teachers. The results of the knowledge assessment showed an increase of 5.2% and the results of statistical tests showed a significant difference (p≤0.05). Based on this, it can be concluded that students experience an increase in knowledge after participating in this activiti

EFEK LAMA WAKTU PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL SELEDRI (Apium graveolens L.) TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN PENINGKATAN KADAR IL-1β PADA TIKUS MODEL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the condition that disrupted the blood supply to the organ followed by the restoration of blood flow. IRI in the kidneys promotes the inflammatory cascade. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) belongs to the most powerful pro-inflammatory cytokine that released in the early phase of IRI. Prevention of inflammation is one of the strategies for reducing kidney damage due to IRI. Celery (Apium graveolens L) is a natural resource that reported has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of duration of the administration ethanol extract of celery on IL-1β level in the IRI rat model. Twenty-five rats male Sprague Dawley, 2-3 months old were divided into 5 groups: Sham operations (SO, n=5), Ischemia-reperfusion (IR, n=5), celery 1000 mg/ kg BW for 7 days before IR (IR7) (IR7, n=5), 14 days before IR (IR14, n=5), 28 days before IR (IR28, n=5). The IL-1β level was assessed using the ELISA. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA (p<0.05). The results showed that the mean of IL-1β levels in the IR7 group (5.99±4.28 ng/L) and R14 (4.68±2.64 ng/L) were lower than IR group (8.19±5.36 ng/L), while the R28 group (9.05 ± 4.38 ng/L) was higher than the IR group (8.19±5.36 ng/L). In conclusion, the administration of celery ethanol extract 1000 mg/ kg BW for 7 days and 14 days can prevent the increase of IL-1β level in the IRI rat model.   Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) adalah suatu keadaan yang terjadi ketika suplai darah sebagian atau seluruh organ terganggu diikuti pemulihan aliran darah. IRI pada ginjal memicu terjadinya inflamasi. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) termasuk sitokin pro-inflamasi paling kuat yang keluar selama fase awal IRI. Pencegahan terhadap inflamasi merupakan strategi untuk menurunkan kerusakan ginjal akibat IRI. Seledri merupakan salah satu bahan alam yang diketahui mempunyai efek antiiflamasi dan antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efek lama waktu pemberian ekstrak etanol seledri terhadap pencegahan peningkatan kadar IL-1β pada tikus model IRI. Sebanyak 25 ekor tikus jantan Sprague Dawley, 2-3 bulan, dikelompokkan menjadi 5, yaitu Sham Operation (SO, n=5), Ischemia-reperfusion (IR, n=5), seledri 1000 mg/kgBB selama 7 hari sebelum IR(IR7, n=5), 14 hari sebelum IR(IR14, n=5), dan 28 hari sebelum IR(IR28, n=5). Kadar IL-1β diukur menggunakan metode ELISA. Data dianalisis dengan One Way ANOVA (p<0,05). Rerata kadar IL-1β pada kelompok IR7 (5,99±4,28 ng/L) dan IR14 (4,68±2,64 ng/L) lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kelompok IR (8,19±5,36 ng/L), sedangkan kelompok IR28 (9,05±4,38 ng/L) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok IR (8,19±5,36 ng/L). Pemberian ekstrak etanol seledri 1000 mg/kgBB selama 7 hari dan 14 hari dapat mencegah peningkatan kadar IL-1β pada tikus model IRI

HUBUNGAN FUNGSI PARU DENGAN TINGKAT KESANGGUPAN KARDIOVASKULER PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN

Kesanggupan kardiovaskuler merupakan salah satu indikator kebugaran seseorang dan prediktor penyakit kardiometabolik seperti diabetes melitus, penyakit jantung koroner, dan stroke. Salah satu organ yang berperan dalam kesanggupan kardiovaskuler adalah paru. Sehingga, fungsi paru berpotensi untuk menjadi prediktor tingkat kesanggupan kardiovaskuler. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan fungsi paru terhadap tingkat kesanggupan kardiovaskuler pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. sebanyak 29 subyek laki-laki berusia 18-25 tahun menjadi subyek penelitian. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Fungsi paru diukur dengan pemeriksaan spirometri untuk mengetahui nilai Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Force Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), dan rasio FEV1/FVC. Didapatkan rerata nilai persen prediksi FVC, nilai persen prediksi FEV1, rasio FEV1/FVC, dan rerata indeks kesanggupan kardiovaskuler pada subjek berturut-turut adalah 80,82±2,72%; 87,17±2,71%; 94,87±0,63%; 65,88±3,575. Uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara FVC, FEV1, dan rasio FEV1/FVC terhadap kesanggupan kardiovaskuler, dengan nilai p berturut-turut adalah 0,324; 0,284; dan 0,231 (p>0,05). Sebagai kesimpulan, tidak terdapat hubungan antara fungsi paru dengan tingkat kesanggupan kardiovaskuler pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman.Cardiorespiratory fitness is an indicator of a person's fitness and a predictor of cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and stroke. One of the organs that play a role in cardiorespiratory fitness is the lungs. Thus, lung function has the potential to be a predictor of cardiorespiratory fitness. This study aims to determine the relationship between lung function and the level of cardiorespiratory fitness in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Jenderal Soedirman University. As many as 29 male subjects aged 18-25 years became research subjects. The consecutive sampling technique was used to recruit the subjects. Lung function was measured by spirometry to determine the value of Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Force Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), and the FEV1/FVC ratio. The average predicted percent value of FVC, FEV1 predicted percent value, FEV1/FVC ratio, and the mean cardiorespiratory fitness index in subjects were 80.82 ± 2.72%; 87.17±2.71%; 94.87±0.63%; 65.88±3.575, respectively. The Pearson correlation test showed no relationship between FVC, FEV1, and the FEV1/FVC ratio on cardiorespiratory fitness, with p values ​​of 0.324; 0.284; and 0.231 (p>0.05), respectively. In conclusion, there is no relationship between lung function and the level of cardiorespiratory fitness in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Jenderal Soedirman Universit

Hubungan Antara Waist To Height Ratio (WHtR) Dengan Heart Rate Recpvery (HRR) Pada Subyek Remaja Laki-laki

Background: The prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular disease remains a national problem. Banyumas, Central Java, is one of the districts where the prevalence of obesity and the risk of cardiovascular disease are high. WHtR is an anthropometric index that can be a parameter for early detection of cardiovascular disease risks. HRR is a physiological indicator of the heart’s function that can be associated with cardiovascular disease in adolescence. Objective: To determine the association between WHtR and HRR in adolescent boys. Methods: This is an analytic observational study with cross sectional approach. Total research subjects were 128 adolescent boys were divided into two groups: normal WHtR (n = 64) and abnormal WHtR (n = 64). WHtR data was obtained from ratio of waist circumference and height. HRR data was measured after the Kasch Step Test. Association between WHtR and HRR was analyzed using the Chi -square test (α = 0.05, 95% CI). Results: Value of WHtR in adolescent boys had a range of 0.34 - 0.70 with a mean of 0.49 ± 0.08. Value of HRR in adolescent boys had a range of 1-58 bpm with a mean of 20.63 ± 13.42 bpm. Chi-square test’s result was p=0.000, show there was a statistically significant association (p <0.05) between WHtR and HRR with the prevalence ratio (PR) = 3. Conclusion: There is an association between WHtR and HRR in adolescent boys. Adolescent boys with abnormal WHtR have 3 times higher risk obtaining a low HRR value than adolescent boys with normal WHtR.   Keywords: waist to height ratio, heart rate recovery, adolescent boy

The protective effect of celery (Apium graveolens L.) ethanol extract on anemia in 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy rat model

Background Anemia is a frequent complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Anemia in CKD is associated with reduced quality of life, increased cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment, and mortality. Therefore it is necessary to find an alternative agent for preventing anemia in CKD. Celery is one of the natural substances that have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antihypertensive pharmacological effects. Based on the mechanism of CKD and its progression, celery is thought to prevent anemia in CKD. This research was aimed at evaluating the protective effect of celery extract against anemia in a CKD rat model. Methods This was an experimental laboratory study using 25 male Sprague Dawley rats, aged 2-3 months, they were randomized into 5 groups, namely group A, sham operation; group B, subtotal nephrectomy; group C, D, E, subtotal nephrectomy + 250, 500, 1000 mg/kg BW ethanol extract of celery, respectively. The administration of celery extract was performed 14 days before and 14 days after induction of 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy. The hematological parameters (Hb, RBC, Ht, MCV, MCH, MCHC) and serum creatinine level were measured at the end of the study. Data were analyzed with One Way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney test at p<0.05. Results There were no significant differences between groups in Hb, RBC, Ht, MCV (p>0.05) and significant differences between groups in MCH and MCHC (p<0.05). The highest levels of Hb, RBC, and Ht were found in group C. Conclusion Celery ethanol extract at a dose of 250 mg/kg BW/day may prevent anemia in the CKD rat model