Analyzing the Spread of Chagas Disease with Mobile Phone Data

We use mobile phone records for the analysis of mobility patterns and the detection of possible risk zones of Chagas disease in two Latin American countries. We show that geolocalized call records are rich in social and individual information, which can be used to infer whether an individual has lived in an endemic area. We present two case studies, in Argentina and in Mexico, using data provided by mobile phone companies from each country. The risk maps that we generate can be used by health campaign managers to target specific areas and allocate resources more effectively.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

Traumatismo en pediatría y su relación con los determinantes sociales de la salud

Background: Trauma represents in Chile and in the world, the major cause of death in children, adolescents and young adults; and is one of the most important causes of morbidity. It is a significant public health problem, because its consequences are transcendental in magnitude and impact.Objective: To identify the Social Health Determinants (SHD) that impact trauma in children, describe the relationship between the SHD identified, and propose comprehensive strategies to lessen the impact.Methods: A literature review was made from Medline/Pubmed, Lilacs, ProQuest, Cinhal and Scielo, between October 2011 and January 2012. Selected for analysis were 15 articles that met the inclusion criteria.Results: The SHD that are related to the incidence and severity of trauma in children are: education and literacy, socioeconomic status, and physical environment. These can cause a positive or negative impact on the health of children with regard to morbidity and mortality from external causes.Conclusion: To reduce the trauma of children in Chile, it is essential to educate the population. Educational programs should be designed and implemented by multidisciplinary teams in coordination among sectors, taking into account the social determinants of health involved, such as low educational level, low socioeconomic status and inadequate physical environment; also consideringAntecedentes: Los traumatismos representan en Chile y el mundo, la principal causa de muerte en niños, adolescentes y adultos jóvenes, y es una de las causas más importantes de morbilidad. Es un problema relevante de salud pública, debido a que sus consecuencias, son trascendentes en magnitud e impacto. Objetivo: Identificar los DSS que tienen impacto en el traumatismo en pediatría, describir la relación entre los DSS identificados, y proponer estrategias globales para disminuir el impacto. Metodología: Revisión bibliográfica, se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Medline/Pubmed, Lilacs, ProQuest, Cinhal y Scielo, entre los meses de octubre 2011 y enero 2012. Para el análisis fueron seleccionados 15 artículos que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión. Resultados: Los determinantes sociales de la salud que se relacionan con la incidencia y la severidad del traumatismo en pediatría son: educación y literacidad, ingreso y status social, y ambiente físico. Los cuales pueden causar un impacto positivo o negativo en la salud de la población infantil con respecto a la morbimortalidad por causas externas. Conclusión: Para prevenir el traumatismo infantil en Chile, es indispensable educar a la población. Los programas educativos deben ser diseñados por equipos multidisciplinarios e implementados en forma intersectorial; teniendo en cuenta los determinantes sociales de la salud involucrados, tales como: bajo nivel de escolaridad, bajo nivel socioeconómico y ambiente físico inadecuado; considerando además, la capacidad de las personas para acceder y comprender la información otorgada por los profesionales de la salud

ANCESTRALIDADE, SOBRENOMES E DISCRIMINAÇÃO: EVIDÊNCIAS A PARTIR DO JOGO ALEMANHA 7X1 BRASIL

Este artigo analisa os mecanismos da discriminação com base na ancestralidade dos trabalhadores brasileiros. O estudo utiliza informações de sobrenomes para identificar grupos de ancestralidades e examina se houve discriminação em favor de indivíduos com ancestralidade germânica após a derrota da seleção brasileira de futebol na Copa do Mundo de 2014. Limitando a nossa análise nos trabalhadores que apenas entraram no mercado de trabalho formal em 2014, antes e depois do jogo em questão, estimamos regressões mincerianas com controles baseados na ancestralidade indicada pelos sobrenomes e modelos probit para a obtenção do primeiro emprego. Os resultados mostram que a vitória da Alemanha teve um impacto positivo nos salários dos trabalhadores com sobrenomes germânicos, mas também resultou em uma redução na probabilidade desses trabalhadores serem contratados. Foram observados impactos menores para trabalhadores com sobrenomes italianos, ibéricos e japoneses, com efeitos positivos para os primeiros e negativo para os japoneses. O estudo contribui para uma compreensão mais ampla dos efeitos econômicos de eventos socioculturais e se relaciona com pesquisas anteriores que exploram os impactos da ancestralidade nos salários e na probabilidade de contratação no mercado de trabalho

Uncovering the Spread of an Infectious Disease with Mobile Phone Data

We use mobile phone records for the analysis of mobility patterns and the detection of possible risk zones of Chagas disease in two Latin American countries. We show that geolocalized call records are rich in social and individual information, which can be used to infer whether an individual has lived in an endemic area. We present two case studies, in Argentina and in Mexico, using data provided by mobile phone companies from each country. The risk maps that we generate can be used by health campaign managers to target specific areas and allocate resources more effectively. Finally, we show the value of mobile phone records to predict long-term migrations, which play a crucial role in the spread of Chagas disease.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

Uncovering the Spread of an Infectious Disease with Mobile Phone Data

We use mobile phone records for the analysis of mobility patterns and the detection of possible risk zones of Chagas disease in two Latin American countries. We show that geolocalized call records are rich in social and individual information, which can be used to infer whether an individual has lived in an endemic area. We present two case studies, in Argentina and in Mexico, using data provided by mobile phone companies from each country. The risk maps that we generate can be used by health campaign managers to target specific areas and allocate resources more effectively. Finally, we show the value of mobile phone records to predict long-term migrations, which play a crucial role in the spread of Chagas disease.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO

Designing a hosting area as an advanced nursing care strategy in a pediatric nursing ward

Background: The most important comfort needs for caregivers are related to improving their hospital stay conditions, with more comfortable waiting rooms, a place to sleep, a toilette with shower, food and a safe place where to leave their belongings. Objective: To implement a hosting area that meets the comfort needs of parents who do not have their own accommodations during the hospitalization of their children. Methodology: Innovative strategies in providing advanced nursing care based on the theoretical model of Kolcaba, which allows us to bring the discipline of nursing care into practice, in direct benefit of patients. Results: We expect an increase in comfort perception of parents during hospitalization, which will lead to increased alertness of parents, effective participation in child care, improved response to educational interventions and effective linkages with the caring team. Conclusions: A hosting area for parents of hospitalized children, designed to meet the most important comfort needs reported in the literature and contextualized according to Kolcaba’s theory, can contribute to implement advanced nursing care, recovering the essence of nursing at the Pediatrics Service of the UC Hospital

Uncovering the Spread of an Infectious Disease with Mobile Phone Data

We use mobile phone records for the analysis of mobility patterns and the detection of possible risk zones of Chagas disease in two Latin American countries. We show that geolocalized call records are rich in social and individual information, which can be used to infer whether an individual has lived in an endemic area. We present two case studies, in Argentina and in Mexico, using data provided by mobile phone companies from each country. The risk maps that we generate can be used by health campaign managers to target specific areas and allocate resources more effectively. Finally, we show the value of mobile phone records to predict long-term migrations, which play a crucial role in the spread of Chagas disease.Sociedad Argentina de Informática e Investigación Operativa (SADIO