Economic concept of food development of Russian market

At present, the Russian economy is developing in the conditions of imposed sanctions on high-tech means of production by foreign countries. In this situation, the development vector is the formation of import substitution policies and the solution of food safety issues for various types of food products that are strategically important for human life. Meeting the needs of the country's population with its own production is a priority for the development of the agrarian market, which makes it possible to develop the production agrarian sector, the processing and trade sphere, to create additional jobs, thereby improving the quality and standard of living of people.peer-reviewe

Human capital as a base for regional development : a case study

Purpose: The main aim of this article is to consider the main trends observed in the labor market in the regional agricultural sector. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study uses the statistical method, the method of analogy and comparison, as well as the positive and normative approach. Findings: The study indicated that in the agricultural sector there are several problems associated with the formation of human resources. This is evidenced by the presence of negative trends that have been observed over the past 20 years. The main problems are the low educational level of workers, aging professional staff, and a reduction in the number of employees in all positions. Practical implications: The socio-economic problems considered in the article indicate the urgent need to develop a mechanism of state support for agricultural workers. Originality/Value: The authors define the concept of human capital and reveal the essence of the factors influencing its formation, revealing them from the perspective of the socio-economic development of the region.peer-reviewe

Principles of healthcare management for patients with pulmonary hypertension: focus on continuity

In managing care for patients with rare, rapidly progressive pathologies such as pulmonary hypertension (PH) and chronic thromboembolic hypertension (CTEPH), early diagnosis and speed of routing are of particular importance. Reducing the time spent on patient routing reduces the risk of disease progression, the rate of hospitalizations, and thereby the socioeconomic burden of the disease.In the Republic of Karelia, an algorithm for routing patients with PH and CTEPH has been created, which is an example of a successful healthcare management

РОЛЬ МЕДИЧНОЇ СЕСТРИ У ПРОФІЛАКТИЦІ АЛІМЕНТАРНОГО ОЖИРІННЯ: ВІД РЕКОМЕНДАЦІЙ ДО ПРАКТИЧНОГО ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ

Summary. The interest of scientists and health professionals in alimentary obesity as a serious health threat is growing every year. Today, overweight occurs in more than 30 % of the population, so obesity is seen as a global epidemic that has affected various segments of the population. The aim of the study – to analyze scientific data on the prevention of alimentary obesity and the role of the nurse in this process. Materials and Methods. Recommendations for weight management of the American Heart Association, the American College of Cardiology, the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, the Society of Obesity, the Endocrine Society, the European Society of Endocrinology were analyzed and our own algorithm was proposed. Results. A systematic review of the literature on the role of nurses in the prevention of chronic diseases in the United Kingdom, the United States, Finland, the Netherlands and New Zealand shows the effectiveness of measures aimed at adjusting the lifestyle of such patients. The nurses measured weight, controlled blood pressure and cholesterol, and promoted healthy eating habits and exercise. In the UK, the Netherlands and the Nordic countries, nurses provide advice on healthy living to control weight. In the United States, the activities of nurses to optimize body weight are still not clearly defined, so they work on their own initiative. It is noted that nurses are more accessible to communicate with patients than doctors. In Ukraine, research is being conducted on the role of nurses in optimizing the body weight of obese people, but in practice the proposed algorithms are not implemented. Conclusions. Although nurses have limited time and resources, regular support for overweight and obese patients improves weight loss outcomes. Prevention of alimentary obesity should include the usual measures: clear motivation, lifestyle changes (diet and physical activity) and maintenance of weight loss. At the same time, the nurse must provide the necessary care for the patient at each of these stages.Резюме. З кожним роком зростає інтерес науковців та медичних працівників до аліментарного ожиріння як серйозної загрози здоров’ю. Сьогодні надмірна маса тіла зустрічається у понад 30 % населення, тому ожиріння розглядається як глобальна епідемія, що охопила різні верстви населення. Мета дослідження – проаналізувати наукові дані щодо профілактики аліментарного ожиріння та ролі медсестри у цьому процесі. Матеріали і методи. Було проаналізовано рекомендації щодо керування масою тіла Американської асоціації серця, Американського коледжу кардіологів, Американської асоціації клінічних ендокринологів, Товариства ожиріння, Ендокринного товариства, Європейського товариства ендокринології та запропоновано власний алгоритм. Результати. Проведений систематичний огляд літератури щодо ролі медичних сестер у профілактиці хронічних захворювань у Великобританії, США, Фінляндії, Нідерландах та Новій Зеландії свідчить про ефективність заходів, спрямованих на корекцію способу життя таких пацієнтів. При цьому медсестри проводили вимірювання маси, контроль за артеріальним тиском та холестерином, заохочення здорових харчових звичок та занять фізичними навантаженнями. У Великобританії, Нідерландах та скандинавських країнах медсестри проводять консультації щодо здорового способу життя з метою контролю маси тіла. У США діяльність медичних сестер у напрямку оптимізації маси тіла до цього часу не визначена чітко, тому вони працюють за власною ініціативою. При цьому зазначається, що медсестри є більш доступнішими для спілкування з пацієнтами, аніж лікарі. В Україні проводяться дослідження щодо ролі медичних сестер в оптимізації маси тіла осіб з ожирінням, проте практично запропоновані алгоритми не впроваджуються. Висновки. Хоча медичні сестри мають обмежений час та ресурси, проте регулярна підтримка пацієнтів із надмірною масою тіла та ожирінням покращує результати щодо зменшення маси. Профілактика аліментарного ожиріння має включати звичайні заходи: чітку мотивацію, зміну способу життя (харчування й фізична активність) та підтримку зменшеної маси. При цьому медична сестра повинна надавати необхідну для пацієнта допомогу на кожному з цих етапів

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF OSTEOPONTINE AND MATRIX METALLOPROTEASE-9 IN THORACAL AORTA ANEURYSM DEVELOPMENT

Aim. To evaluate the significance of osteopontine and MMP-9 in the development of thoracal aorta aneurysm in patients with tricuspid (TAV) and bicuspid (BAV) aorta valve. Material and methods. Totally 94 patients included with the dilation of thoracal aorta for more than 40 mm, and 50 patients without aorta pathology, that were the comparison group. All patients underwent echocardiographic study by Vivid 7 (GE, USA) device by standard protocol. The osteopontine concentration and MMP-9 were measured in blood serum with manual plate immune-enzyme assay. Results. The concentration of MMP-9 in blood serum of the patients with aorta pathology and TAV did not differ significantly with the value in comparison group. Otherwise, in IHD the concentration of MMP-9 was significantly higher than in patients without aorta pathology (164,9±76,6 ng/ml and 106,8±82,7 ng/ml, respectively, p<0,01) and closely correlated with the Valsalva sinuses diameters (r=0,302, р=0,007). Comparative analysis of the osteopontine serum concentration did not show differences in the subgroups studied.Conclusion. The positive correlation revealed of the aorta diameter and concentration of MMP-9 in blood serum of the patients with BAV confirms not only the differences in the pathogenesis of thoracal aorta aneurysm in TAV and BAV, but makes it possible to think on the usage of MMP-9 as biomarker of thoracal aorta dilatation

Effect of Antibiotic Therapy on the Sensitivity of Etiological Diagnostic Methods in Patients with Infective Endocarditis after Surgery

Aim. Assessment of impact  of the duration  of preoperative  antimicrobial  therapy  (AMT) on the sensitivity  of microbiological examination and polymerase  chain reaction (PCR) of blood/tissues of resected valves in operated patients with infective endocarditis  (IE).Materials and methods. 52 operated patients with active IE were included prospectively (Duke criteria, 2015). All patients underwent microbiological examination of blood  before  admission  to the cardiac  surgery  hospital,  as well as parallel  simultaneous microbiological examination and  PCR  of blood/tissues of excised  valves,  followed  by Sanger  sequencing. The duration  of preoperative  treatment  was  calculated  from the first day of AMT according to IE diagnosis to the day of surgery.Results. The causative agent of IE was established in 84.6% (n=44) patients by means of complex etiological diagnosis. A significant  decrease in the sensitivity of microbiological examination of venous blood was revealed when performed  in the period before and after hospitalization to a surgical hospital (up 44.2% to 17.3%, p<0.05). When comparing microbiological examination of blood/tissues of resected valves and PCR of blood/tissues of resected valves, molecular biological  methods demonstrated the greatest sensitivity, with a great advantage when examining the tissues of resected valves (17.3% and 19.2% vs. 38.5% and 75.0%, respectively;  p<0.001). The microbiological examination of venous blood performed  at an early date before admission  to the cardiac  surgery  hospital was comparable in sensitivity to the PCR blood test performed  at a later date after prolonged AMT,  and significantly less sensitive in relation to the PCR of resected valve tissues [44.2% and 38.5% (p>0.05) vs. 75.0% (p<0.05)]. In course of AMT 1-28 days,  there were comparable results of microbiological examination with PCR blood examination and significantly better results of PCR of resected valve tissues [31.0% and 34.5% and 41.4% (p>0.05) vs 72.4% (p<0.001), respectively], and with AMT ≥ 29 days, microbiological examination of any biological  material was negative  in all patients,  and PCR of blood/tissues of resected valves retained high sensitivity (0% and 0% vs. 34.8% and 78.3%, respectively; p<0.01).Conclusion. Long-term preoperative AMT significantly reduced the sensitivity of microbiological examination of resected valve blood/tissue in operated patients with IE, whereas PCR of resected valve blood/tissue was highly sensitive even with preoperative AMT for more than 29 days

Late Paleocene Flora of the Northern Alaska Peninsula: The Role of Transberingian Plant Migrations and Climatic Change

For the first time, the Late Sagwon Flora is described from the upper beds of the Prince Creek Formation (Upper Paleocene) at the Sagavanirktok River (northern Alaska Peninsula). The flora is dominated by the angiosperm Tiliaephyllum brooksense Moiseeva et Herman sp. nov. and conifer Metasequoia occidentalis (Newb.) Chaney. The Late Sagwon Flora is most similar to the Danian or Danian-Selandian flora from the middle part of the Upper Tsagayan Subformation (Amur Region) and lower part of the Wuyun Formation (Heilongjiang Province, China). This similarity allows us to hypothesize that the genus Tiliaephyllum, which dominated in the Late Tsagayan Flora, migrated via the Bering Land Bridge from southern paleolatitudes of the Far East to high latitudes of the Arctic Pacific, due to the progressively warming climate of the Paleocene. Additional new angiosperm species are described from the Late Sagwon Flora: Archeampelos mullii Moiseeva et Herman sp. nov., Tiliaephyllum brooksense Moiseeva et Herman sp. nov., and Dicotylophyllum sagwonicum Moiseeva et Herman sp. nov

Effectiveness of immunosuppressive therapy for lymphocytic myocarditis according: data from actual clinical practice

Aim. To compare the effectiveness of standard heart failure therapy with and without combined immunosuppressive therapy in patients with documented lymphocytic myocarditis (LM) based on data from actual clinical practice.Material and methods. This observational study included 70 patients with documented LM, 40% (n=28) of whom received immunosuppressive therapy. All patients underwent standard echocardiographic and laboratory investigations, endomyocardial biopsy with histological, immunohistochemical and molecular genetic analysis. Contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 74% of patients. All patients received standard therapy for heart failure at baseline.Results. The groups did not differ in demographic and echocardiographic characteristics. The appointment of immunosuppressive therapy was accompanied by an increase in ejection fraction by 12,2% compared to 6,4% (p=0,02). There were no significant differences in combined endpoints (survival and the need for heart transplantation) depending on therapy regimen (log-rank p=0,97).Conclusion. The prognosis of patients with chronic LM depends on the process activity, the severity of impaired hemodynamics and ventricular arrhythmias, as well as on the presence of persistent viral infection. Compliance with patient selection algorithm before prescribing immunosuppressive therapy is associated with the improvement in myocardial global contractility