The Dimensions of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Environment

The fundamental of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) is needed to engage entrepreneur being creative, innovative, risky as well as uncertain activities in the market place and discover new opportunities before their competitors. Due to low risk-taking propensity, Micro, Small Medium Enterprises in Malaysia growing in number each year but they are not into becoming a large corporation due to unwillingness to commit resources to undergo activities and projects which resulted in the uncertainty of the outcomes. Hence, this study discussed the fundamental of entrepreneurial orientation and practices of EO among the new entrant in the business.Keywords: Creative, Innovative, Risky, and EntrepreneurialeISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.1949

Online Shopper Satisfaction: Exploring the Impact of e-Service Quality

The advent of online shopping has brought a significant revolution in how individuals exchange goods and services. Online purchasing has gained considerable popularity, especially after the Movement Control Order due to COVID-19. Therefore, this study aims to find the relationship and identify the most dominant factors of e-service quality that affect online shopping. Convenience sampling was used to collect primary data. 250 self-administered questionnaires with four Likert scales were distributed through a social media channel among Klang Valley residents aged 18 years and above. The data was then analyzed using SPPS Version 26. Multiple Regression Analysis was used to investigate the relationship between e-service quality and customer satisfaction. The researcher found a collective significant effect between Customer Satisfaction and all independent variables except Perceived Risk. Convenience was found to be the most dominant factor that influences Customer Satisfaction. Hence, this study can benefit online business owners as they develop appropriate strategies based on the findings to expand their business

Methods of evaluating adaptation and accuracy of additive manufactured removable partial dentures: a scoping review

This study aimed to provide a comprehensive review of various recent methods that can be used to assess the fit and accuracy of additive-manufactured removable partial dentures (RPDs), focusing on 3D-printed RPDs. An electronic search of the English language literature from January 2000 to February 2022 was performed using four databases: Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCOhost, using relevant keywords. The parameters of interest were extracted and tabulated. Of 936 retrieved studies, 26 studies were included. Most of the studies were laboratory studies, conducted between 2011 and 2022, did not include control group, used stone cast model as reference, used direct 3D printing method, and polished the final RPD framework. Methods of assessment can be divided into two categories: 1) qualitative assessment which is based mainly on visual inspection or tactile sense, and 2) quantitative assessment which includes optical assessment (with or without a registration material) and computerized assessment based on surface-matching software programs. In conclusion, computerized assessment using different surface matching software provides more accurate and precise quantitative assessment of denture fit and allows researcher and practitioner to detect minute dimensional changes that cannot be detected visually

Prediction of body fat loss in relation to change in nutrient intake among housewives participating in the MyBFF@ home study

Background: Diet compositions are likely to be one of the influential factors for body fat deposition. The aim of this paper was to determine the nutrient changes and its association to body fat loss among the overweight and obese housewives in the MyBFF@home study. Methods: Data of participants in the MyBFF@home study (intervention and control groups) were analysed. Participants in the intervention group received personalised dietary counselling consisted of reduced calorie diet 1200–1500 kcal/day, while the control group was assigned to receive women’s health seminars. The dietary assessment was done during the intervention phase at baseline, 1 month (m), 2 m, 3 m and 6 m using a 3-day food diary. Body fat was measured using a bioelectrical impedance analyser (In-body 720) at baseline and at the end of the intervention phase. The mean differences of nutrient intake and body compositions during the intervention phase were measured with paired t-test. The changes in body fat and nutrients intake were calculated by subtracting baseline measurements from those taken at 6 months. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the extent to which the changes in each gram of nutrients per 1000 kcal were predictive of changes in body fat mass. Results: There were significant reductions in energy, all macronutrients, dietary fibre, calcium and iron intake in both study groups after the intervention phase (p <  0.05). In the intervention group, body fat loss increased with the reduction of each gram of carbohydrate, protein and fat per 1000 kcal, (p <  0.05), and decreased with the reduction of each gram of calcium and fibre intake per 1000 kcal (p <  0.05). In the control group, body fat loss increased with the reduction of each gram fat per 1000 kcal (p <  0.05) and decreased with the reduction of each gram iron per 1000 kcal. Conclusion: Changes in the intake of various nutrients have different effects on body fat loss between the intervention and control group

Chemical Reduction Behavior of Zirconia Doped to Nickel at Different Temperature in Carbon Monoxide Atmosphere

The reduction behavior of nickel oxide (NiO) and zirconia (Zr) doped NiO (Zr/NiO) was investigated using temperature programmed reduction (TPR) using carbon monoxide (CO) as a reductant and then characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen absorption isotherm using BET technique and FESEM-EDX. The reduction characteristics of NiO to Ni were examined up to temperature 700 °C and continued with isothermal reduction by 40 vol. % CO in nitrogen. The studies show that the TPR profile of doped NiO slightly shifts to a higher temperature as compared to the undoped NiO which begins at 387 °C and maximum at 461 °C. The interaction between ZrO2 with Ni leads to this slightly increase by 21 to 56 °C of the reduction temperature. Analysis using XRD confirmed, the increasing percentage of Zr from 5 to 15% speed up the reducibility of NiO to Ni at temperature 550 °C. At this temperature, undoped NiO and 5% Zr/NiO still show some crystallinity present of NiO, but 15% Zr/NiO shows no NiO in crystalline form. Based on the results of physical properties, the surface area for 5% Zr/NiO and 15% Zr/NiO was slightly increased from 6.6 to 16.7 m2/g compared to undoped NiO and for FESEM-EDX, the particles size also increased after doped with Zr on to NiO where 5% Zr/NiO particles were 110 ± 5 nm and 15% Zr/NiO 140 ± 2 nm. This confirmed that the addition of Zr to NiO has a remarkable chemical effect on complete reduction NiO to Ni at low reduction temperature (550 °C). This might be due to the formation of intermetallic between Zr/NiO which have new chemical and physical properties

Women participation in business:a focus on franchising venture

The number of women involved in business sector is a growing phenomenon worldwide.Despite this scenario, the involvement of women in business particularly in franchising business is not being studied thoroughly and systematically. Franchising is known as a mean to provide opportunities to minorities and women who have interests to venture in business. This study attempts to look into a few questions related to women involvement in franchising venture. The questions are: 1) what is the pattern of womens participation in franchise business 2) problems faced by franchisees in the franchise business and 3) what are the role of government in promoting and assisting the women in their franchise business. The study is conducted by taking samples of 24 women franchisors and 31 franchisees all over Malaysia participating in franchise business. The findings show that there are less women franchisors in the top administrative positions such as the managing director, chairman and the general manager. The top three problems identified by franchisees are limited control in managing the franchise business, the power to terminate the agreement by franchisees and tough competition facing them as franchisees. The government is really showing their commitment and doing their part in supporting the franchise business by giving loans and setting up agencies which seriously looked into the matters of franchising in Malaysia

Development of nondestructive inspection systems using infrared images based on image processing techniques

The last few years, infrared thermography technique has been applied successfully in petrochemical industry. The main information from this technology acquired by using infrared thermal camera is in the form of thermal image. Any abnormal condition of an inspected object will be reflected as an abnormal spot (often hotspot) at certain location in a thermal image with highest pixel intensity values. In image processing terminology, this spot is called as the defect. Current practice, this hotspot is interpreted manually by human inspector. This way of interpretation is not effective and efficient. This report proposes an automatic and efficient way for interpreting a thermal image, in term of defect detection

Penentuan kemahiran yang bersesuaian untuk pelajar sarjana muda pengurusan teknologi

Graduan yang menganggur terus menjadi masalah yang semakin meruncing dan serious di Malaysia. Terdapat majikan yang menganggap kompetensi akademik sahaja tidak mencukupi dan mula meminta institusi pendidikan tinggi untuk menghasilkan graduan yang dilengkapi dengan kemahiran generik. Dalam membangunkan rekabentuk kurikulum yang efektif untuk pelajar Sarjana Muda Pengurusan Teknologi, adalah penting untuk mengenal pasti kepentingan kemahiran yang relevan untuk pelajar Sarjana Muda Pengurusan Teknologi. Tujuan kajian ini ialah untuk menentukan tahap kepentingan kemahiran yang relevan daripada perspektif alumni dan juga untuk mengenalpasti kelemahan kurikulum MOT sekarang berbanding dengan hasil kajian. Kemahiran yang berkaitan dikategorikan kepada tiga bahagian iaitu : kemahiran pengurusan, kemahiran teknikal dan kemahiran generik. Data untuk kajian ini diperolehi melalui soal selidik yang dihantar melalu pos kepada 233 alumni ( graduan yang bekerja di bidang yang bersesuaian) . Analisis tak berparametrik (Kruskal Wallis dan Mann Whitney U) dan kaedah ukuran kecenderungan memusat (min, mod dan median) telah digunakan untuk mencapai obkejtif yang pertama. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan di antara sektor pekerjaan dan jenis pekerjaan dalam menentukan tahap kepentingan kemahiran teknikal dan kemahiran pengurusan. Kajian ini juga mencadangkan matapelajaran yang perlu ditambah dalam kurikulum semasa

Kerjaya bidang seni bina

Seni Bina merupakan suatu bidang yang merangkumi ilmu tentang Sains, Sejarah, Geografi, Budaya, Ekonomi, Seni dan Pengurusan. Ramai yang berpendapat bahawa kerjaya ini ada kaitan dengan seni sahaja, namun hakikatnya bidang Seni Bina ini merentas pelbagai bidang yang memerlukan pemahaman tentang ketamadunan manusia dan interaksinya dengan alam. Kerjaya Arkitek adalah kerjaya yang mencabar, bagaimanapun, di sebalik cabaran itu bidang ini mampu memberi kepuasan dari aspek pengurusan kepelbagaian ilmu berkaitan manusia. Buku ini memberi pengenalan ringkas tentang bidang Seni Bina dan kerjaya yang berkaitan dengannya. Buku ini sesuai dibaca oleh para ibu bapa, dan guru kaunseling, untuk memberi panduan kepada pelajar dalam memilih kerjaya. Di samping itu, buku ini boleh digunakan oleh para pelajar peringkat sekolah menengah supaya inspirasi kerjaya dapat mekar awal dalam pendidikan sekolah. Malah, pelajar institusi pengajian tinggi yang berada pada tahun pertama bidang Seni Bina dapat memanfaatkan buku ini dalam memberi gambaran keseluruhan tentang kerjaya

Principal-principal conflicts and socioemotional wealth in family firms

Corporate governance is the concern of all the parties throughout the world regarding their viability in order to ensure the sustainability of the firm. As the family firms are listed in the public exchange, there are different kind of the investors in the corporation produce the resolution that are opposing to each other. Moreover, the large capital that is injected by the institutional investor complicates the role played in the corporation that shapes the culture and philanthropy. The phenomenon leads to the complex relationship in one corporation due to the different types of interest. Board composition and board independence are stretched by numerous scholars regarding the core importance in the corporation. Executive compensation is another area of corporate governance that is widely discussed by the scholars regarding the relationship with the long-term firm performance. Therefore, this review paper will focus on the application of the Principal-principal Conflicts theory and Socio-Emotional Wealth theory to narrate the whole scenario of the governance practice in the family firm. Throughout the paper, current rigorous practice of the family firms will be deeply investigated to cover the deep insights of the current phenomenon. The meticulous review of this paper is able to synthesize the significance of these theories towards the general governance setting in the family firms. Eventually, the working paradigm of the family firm can be clearly justified with the rationale that is justified. At the end of the review, the two main theories are concluded to be equally essential to illustrate the corporate governance practice in family firms across the globe