An Automated Dna Strands Detection System Featuring 32-Bit Arm7tdmi Microcontroller And Vga-Cmos Digital Image Sensor.

Genetic DNA recognition is a routine experiment for detecting the origin of the species. Electrophoresis is one of the processes for such detection which has been used extensively. Pengecaman genetik DNA ialah eksperimen rutin untuk mengesan asal usul sesuatu spesis. Proses electrophoresis ialah salah satu proses pengecaman yang digunakan secara meluas

Technological effort in developing countries: multinational corporations in Malaysia

This paper examines the factors that influence the likelihood of MNCs undertaking technological effort in developing countries, using a data set obtained from a survey. Factors such as modification to the main production line by MNCs and assistance they rendered to local firms were found significant in indicating the likelihood of technological activities. The paper also provides evidence that export-oriented MNCs in developing host countries do undertake technological effort for effective participation in the world market

WSense: A Robust Feature Learning Module for Lightweight Human Activity Recognition

In recent times, various modules such as squeeze-and-excitation, and others have been proposed to improve the quality of features learned from wearable sensor signals. However, these modules often cause the number of parameters to be large, which is not suitable for building lightweight human activity recognition models which can be easily deployed on end devices. In this research, we propose a feature learning module, termed WSense, which uses two 1D CNN and global max pooling layers to extract similar quality features from wearable sensor data while ignoring the difference in activity recognition models caused by the size of the sliding window. Experiments were carried out using CNN and ConvLSTM feature learning pipelines on a dataset obtained with a single accelerometer (WISDM) and another obtained using the fusion of accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers (PAMAP2) under various sliding window sizes. A total of nine hundred sixty (960) experiments were conducted to validate the WSense module against baselines and existing methods on the two datasets. The results showed that the WSense module aided pipelines in learning similar quality features and outperformed the baselines and existing models with a minimal and uniform model size across all sliding window segmentations. The code is available at https://github.com/AOige/WSense

The hybrid of waqf land and zakat fund development: a case study for protecting asnaf fisabilillah well-being / Siti Nadiah Mohd Ali, Salbiah Mokhtar and Abdul Halim Mohd Noor

This research purpose is to explore the hybrid of Waqf land and zakat fund in the development of asnaf fisabilillah needs. Due to the current situation, asnaf fisabilillah in the context of zakat division in modern time interpretation can be used to design socioeconomic development and to uphold the symbolism of Islam. The significant value of understanding this issue will undergo qualitative research based on a paradigm of strategic management theories to suit the internal and the external needs of Pahang SIRC. Using purposive sampling, Pahang SIRC has been chosen to be part of the study where rich data got from the semi-structured interview with three officers. The data were taped, transcribed and analyzed using coding analysis for multiple interviews. Our results inform that, from Pahang SIRC officer’s perspective, there is a need in the hybrid between Waqf land and zakat fund to the well-being of asnaf fisabilillah. The officers are more worried about the benefits of interest they give to the asnaf fisabilillah are insufficient, so that the collection of zakat fund needs to be in the "house." The finding shows that Pahang SIRC has two projects that involved asnaf fisabilillah in the combination of Waqf land and zakat fund. In summary, this study provides some discussion of the single case study which represents a hybrid of Waqf land, and zakat is a comprehensive collaboration within SIRC unit in their operation. The awareness of the knowledge of Waqf land and zakat from the shariah and management principles give a broader perspective to the professionals in Pahang SIRC to contribute to the target group

Relationship between entrepreneurial orientation, firm resources, SME branding and firm’s performance: is innovation the missing link?

Innovation is regarded as an engine for driving economic growth.Innovation is considered equally important for the large enterprises as well as the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).Role of innovation becomes of even greater importance in the context of the business environment of developing countries such as Pakistan, where most of the SMEs do not embrace rigorous innovation and at the same time there is lack of sufficient external support to encourage innovation.It has been discussed that despite of healthy economic contribution to Pakistan’s Economy, SMEs are facing a low growth trap.Innovation can come up as a potential solution specifically for Pakistani SMEs and generally for SMEs in developing countries in other parts of the world. This paper reviews the literature in a thorough manner in a bid to build a novel conceptual framework proposing that innovation has causal linkages with entrepreneurial orientation, firm resources, branding and firm performance. On the basis of literature review, four thoughtful research propositions have been presented in this paper. The proposed framework can lead to very useful insights as it proposes that branding may lead to innovation as opposed to generally believed concept of innovation leading to branding. This paper is built on the underpinning theories like Resource Based View, Dynamic Capabilities Perspective, and Theory of Economic Development. This paper also provides useful implications for the entrepreneurs as well as external institutions responsible for ensuring higher extent of innovation in SMEs in Pakistan

Personal representative cum trustee in estate administration: conflict of duties and obligations

The office of personal representative in the administration of a deceased’s estate requires a personal representative who must at the utmost ensure himself to have a solemn understanding of his duties and obligations. The personal representative must act with the highest degree of trustworthiness and good faith in discharging his office. However, in the process of estate administration, one question that has nagged the office of personal representative is that what should be the two distinct capacities of personal representative and trustee since the expression of trustee under the Malaysian Trustee Act 1949 includes the duties incidental to the office of a personal representative. The question is relevant because the role of a personal representative is quite distinct from that of a trustee and is subject to different legal framework and liability. Hence, this paper seeks to examine the legal position of a personal representative and to identify the line separating the duties of a personal representative from his duties as a trustee. For this purpose, the paper analyses relevant statutory provisions as provided by the Probate and Administration Act 1959 and the Trustee Act 1949. An analysis of the decided cases is also made to identify the distinction between the offices of a personal representative to that of a trustee in the administration of the deceased’s estate. The paper concludes that there is no objective test as to when and how a personal representative becomes a trustee since a person may be a personal representative in respects of certain assets and trustee in respect of others. What matter most is that they must carry out their job diligently and reasonably in which failure to do so will result in their facing legal action by the beneficiary or other interested parties

Detection of Freezing of Gait using Unsupervised Convolutional Denoising Autoencoder

At the advanced stage of Parkinson’s disease, patients may suffer from ‘freezing of gait’ episodes: a debilitating condition wherein a patient’s “feet feel as though they are glued to the floor”. The objective, continuous monitoring of the gait of Parkinson’s disease patients with wearable devices has led to the development of many freezing of gait detection models involving the automatic cueing of a rhythmic auditory stimulus to shorten or prevent episodes. The use of thresholding and manually extracted features or feature engineering returned promising results. However, these approaches are subjective, time-consuming, and prone to error. Furthermore, their performance varied when faced with the different walking styles of Parkinson’s disease patients. Inspired by state-of-art deep learning techniques, this research aims to improve the detection model by proposing a feature learning deep denoising autoencoder to learn the salient characteristics of Parkinsonian gait data that is applicable to different walking styles for the elimination of manually handcrafted features. Even with the elimination of manually handcrafted features, a reduction in half of the data window sizes to 2s, and a significant dimensionality reduction of learned features, the detection model still managed to achieve 90.94% sensitivity and 67.04% specificity, which is comparable to the original Daphnet dataset research

Do Capital Assistance Programs by Zakat Institutions Help the Poor?

AbstractZakat refers to the determined share of wealth in Islam to be distributed mainly to the poor and needy. The portions they received will enable them to fulfill their basic needs and conduct economic activities. One of the distribution instruments of zakat institutions is in form of loan-free capital assistance. The objective of capital assistance programs is to increase the income of the recipients through entrepreneurships. Zakat institutions have also initiated various programs such as offering training as well as giving business and marketing guidance, so that the recipients would become self-reliant and own a formal business. Based on content analysis on secondary data as well as primary data, the discussion of this paper is divided into three sections. First, this paper identifies the capital assistance program which is the most effective in increasing the income of the recipients. Second, this paper investigates the factors that contribute to the success of the program and third, it investigates the challenges encountered by zakat institution in capital assistance program. The study was done with the cooperation from Selangor Zakat Board, one of the main zakat institutions in Malaysia. The findings of the research revealed that the mobile business program is the most effective program in transforming the recipients into entrepreneurs where the success of the business can be seen in as early as 3 months. The findings of this research also revealed that instead of requesting the recipients to repay the capital aid, forced savings method has been imposed which became one of the factors that contribute to the success of the program

Moderating Role of Competitive Environment between Knowledge Management, Human Capital and SMEs’ performance: Emerging Countries’ Perspective

The importance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and their economic contribution is acknowledged globally. Although SMEs in developed economies have become fairly competitive, their counterparts in the emerging economies have struggled in the rapidly evolving external environment. The objective of this study is to present a conceptual framework for SMEs in emerging economies targeted to raise their performance. Literature indicates that the low skill level of human resource and the lack of emphasis on knowledge management are the major factors behind the struggle of SMEs to establish themselves in emerging economies. Earlier studies have discovered a positive impact of knowledge management and human capital in raising SMEs’ performance. Literature also indicates that the influence of knowledge and human capital within SMEs’ performance varies due to the prevailing competitive conditions. Therefore, this study proposes a conceptual framework to leverage the performance of SMEs in emerging economies and examines how this relationship may vary when it interacts with the competitive environment

Skim agihan zakat asnaf al-ghārimīn di institusi-institusi zakat di Malaysia

This study investigated the implementation of the scheme of distribution of zakah al- Ghārimin recipients by selective zakat institutions in Malaysia. This study was conducted using qualitative research methods and analyzed using the method of deductive, inductive and comparison. Studies show that the schemes zakah al-Ghārimin recipients implemented varies between institutions of zakah in Malaysia. There are schemes implemented by all the institutions of zakah surveyed, while there are also schemes implemented by certain zakah institutions. This study has implications for the implementation of the scheme of distribution of zakah recipients al- Ghārimin by institutions of zakah in Malaysia