Bezpieczeństwo i skuteczność dwufazowej insuliny aspart 30 (BIAsp30) u Irańczyków chorych na cukrzycę typu 2: otwarte, nierandomizowane, wieloośrodkowe badanie - irańska podgrupa badania IMPROVE™

Introduction: To evaluate the clinical profile of BIAsp 30 (30% soluble insulin aspart, 70% protamine-crystallized insulin aspart) (NovoMix®30) in type 2 diabetes patients in routine clinical practice in Iran. Material and methods: IMPROVE&#8482; was a 26-week, multinational, open-label, non-randomized study in patients with type 2 diabetes. The safety and efficacy of BIAsp 30 were assessed at baseline and at 13 and 26 weeks. The titration of BIAsp30 was at the physician&#8217;s discretion. Results: In Iran, 478 patients (47% male) previously treated with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) (N = 159, 33.3%) and/or insulin other than BIAsp30 (N = 317, 66.3%) or a few who were treatment-na&#239;ve (N = 2, 0.4%) participated in the study. After 26 weeks of treatment with BIAsp 30, the rate of reported major hypoglycaemic episodes was reduced by 88.1% from baseline (baseline v. Week 26: 0.303 v. 0.037 episodes/pt-year; p < 0.001). No significant differences in minor hypoglycaemic episodes between baseline and Week 26 were found. Glycaemic control was significantly improved from baseline to Week 26 with a mean HbA1c reduction of 1.2 &#177; 1.9%. Patients&#8217; quality of life as measured by the DiabMedSat questionnaire significantly improved from baseline (58.1) to the end of the study (75.4, p < 0.001). Conclusions: BIAsp 30 therapy appeared safe and effective and improved quality of life in Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes after 26 weeks of treatment. (Pol J Endocrinol 2010; 61 (4): 364-370)Wstęp: Celem badania była ocena profilu działania insuliny BIAsp 30 (30% rozpuszczalnej insuliny aspart, 70% insuliny krystalizowanej z protaminą) (NovoMix®30) u chorych na cukrzycę typu 2 w warunkach standardowej opieki zdrowotnej w Iranie. Materiał i metody: IMPROVE&#8482; było 26-tygodniowym, wieloośrodkowym, międzynarodowym, otwartym i nierandomizowanym badaniem z udziałem chorych na cukrzycę typu 2. Bezpieczeństwo i skuteczność insulin BIAsp 30 oceniano na początku badania oraz po 13 i 26 tygodniach. Dawkowanie insuliny BIAsp30 było zależne od zaleceń lekarskich. Wyniki: W irańskiej części badania uczestniczyło 478 chorych (47% stanowili mężczyźni) leczonych dotychczas doustnymi lekami hipoglikemizującymi (N = 159, 33,3%) i/lub insuliną inną niż BIAsp30 (N = 317, 66,3%) oraz nieliczna grupa pacjentów niestosujących wcześniej farmakoterapii (N = 2, 0,4%). Po 26 tygodniach leczenia insuliną BIAsp 30, częstość epizodów ciężkiej hipoglikemii zmniejszyła się o 88,1% (wartości wyjściowe v. tydzień 26: 0,303 v. 0,037 epizodów/pacjenta-rok; p < 0,001). Dane dotyczące częstości epizodów lekkiej hipoglikemii na początku badania i po 26 tygodniach leczenia nie różniły się istotnie. Odnotowano natomiast poprawę kontroli glikemii; po 26 tygodniach odsetek HbA1c obniżył się średnio o 1,2 &#177; 1,9% w stosunku do wartości wyjściowej. W okresie od rozpoczęcia do zakończenia badania nastąpiła istotna poprawa jakości życia chorych, oceniana przy użyciu kwestionariusza DiabMedSat; punktacja wynosiła odpowiednio 58,1 i 75,4 (p < 0,001). Wnioski: Terapia insuliną BIAsp 30 stosowana przez 26 tygodni u Irańczyków chorych na cukrzycę typu 2 okazała się bezpieczna i skuteczna, a ponadto spowodowała poprawę jakości życia pacjentów. (Endokrynol Pol 2010; 61 (4): 364-370

The Effect of Religious Care by the Clergyman next to the Patients’ Bedside on their Depression and Anxiety

For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Background and Objective: The fear of surgery, death, and the debilitating symptoms of the illness make hospitalized patients develop anxiety and depression that may disrupt their performance. Religious care aimed at addressing the religious needs of hospitalized patients can have a significant role in increasing the hospitalized patients’ ability to cope with their illness. Therefore, the researchers aimed to set up a religious-based plan and perform it by the presence of a clergy next to the patients’ bedside and determine its effectiveness on decreasing anxiety and depression of hospitalized patients.Method: In this randomized controlled clinical trial with control group, 142 hospitalized patients were chosen in the form of random sampling in Nekoui hospital of Qom. They were divided into a test and a control group. Then, the demographic questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale were completed by them. The religious-based plan by the presence of a clergy next to the patients’ bedside was performed in the test group. The two groups were followed after the intervention. All ethical issues were observed in this study and the researchers declared no conflict of interests.Results: In terms of overall score of hospital anxiety and depression, the results of ANCOVA showed a statistically meaningful difference between the two groups after the intervention (F=35.75, P&lt;0.001). Also, the results of paired-samples t-test showed a significant decline in the anxiety and depression of hospitalized patients in the intervention group (P= 0.001). In contrast, no measurable difference was observed in the anxiety and depression scores of patients in the control group (P= 0.10, P= 0.48).Conclusion: The presence of special medical teams like responsible clergies who are familiar with health issues and the provision of religious care can decrease patients’ anxiety and depression. Such a religious intervention also has a significant role in boosting patients’ morale and reducing their woes.For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Please cite this article as: ShojaeiS, AbbasiM, RahimiT, Vahedian M, FarhadlooR, Movahed E, Parvaresh-MasoudM. The Effect of Religious Care by the Clergyman next to the Patients’ Bedside on their Depression and Anxiety. J Res Relig Health. 2018; 4(3):45-5

Prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Iran : A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Investigating the Effect of Training With the Method of Simulation on the Knowledge and Performance of Nursing Students in the Pre-Hospital Triage

Background: Triage is the key for success in management of large numbers of injured and limited resources, and without preparedness of nurses to would seem an impossible task. This study has been conducted with the aim of determining the effect of training through the method of simulation on the knowledge and performance of nursing students in carrying out the pre-hospital triage. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted on 70 students of nursing who were selected based on the study inclusion criteria and through the randomized sampling method. The researcher tools included &ldquo;triage test having 10 questions of four options each and practical test including examining the correct performance of triage based on START criteria by using 10 designed simulated mockup models and based on the injury received by the victim and the level of injury&rdquo;. The validity of the test was verified through the formal and content validity method, and the reliability of the knowledge questionnaire based on the Cronbach-Alpha Coefficient was obtained to be equal to 0.87. After examining the level of knowledge on triage before training, the triage training workshop was held in two sessions of two hours each and through the simulation method, and again the scientific test and practical test were performed. For data analysis, the paired t-test and independent t-test were used, and the Kolmogorov Smirnov test was used to examine data normality. Data were analyzed using SPSS software-version 16. Results: The results of statistical analysis showed that the level of students knowledge significantly increased from 4.6&plusmn;1.94 before training to 7.40&plusmn;1.35 after training. Their performance significantly increased from 4.90&plusmn;1.6 to 8.30&plusmn;1.5. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that training with the simulation method on mockup model was effective on the preparedness of nurses for triage when accidents and emergencies occur. It was also found that training improves their preparedness in this regard. It is recommended that for better preparedness of nurses in triage in case of accidents and medical emergencies, this training method should be used

Epidemiology of Road Accident Death in Qom Province, 2014 (Iran)

Background and Objectives: Every year a large number of our countrymen lose their lives due to traffic accidents. Traffic accidents lead to considerable social and economic burden, and in case of serious neglect, it may be turned into a national disaster. This study was carried out to investigate the epidemiology of road accident deaths in Qom Province. &nbsp; Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the road driving accident deaths in Qom Privince in the first 5 months of 2014 (March 21 to July 23 using the data provided by the Legal Medicine Organization. Data were analyzed by Chi square test (for comparison of differences in number of deaths in terms of gender and age). &nbsp; Results: The total number of deaths was reported 80 individuals in the first 5 months of 2014. The highest statistics of death was related to the Qom&ndash;Aveh road with 11 deaths, and 29 deaths were due to vehicle rollover. Most of the victims (17 cases), were in the age group of 0-10 years, followed by 21-30 and 31-40 age groups, each with 15 cases; 59 deceased individuals were male, and 28 individuals had primary education level, while this rate was two cases in individuals with bachelor's degree. Forty-one deceased individuals, were drivers. Fifty-seven subjects died at the scene of the accident. Multiple fractures and head trauma, were the most common cause of death with 38 and 36 subjects, respectively. Seventy deaths were related to the main roads and 17 deaths occurred on Thursday. &nbsp; Conclusion: Due to high incidence of traffic accidents and death cases, there is a need for comprehensive programming by responsible organizations, such as traffic center, relief and rescue systems, and cultural institutions to deal with this phenomenon. &nbsp;Therefore, investigation of death causes and comparison of its mechanism can lead to good results. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp

Evaluation of Clinical Skills of Emergency Medical Technicians in Jahrom in Caring for Trauma Patients, 2018, (Iran)

Background and Objectives: Today, trauma is a major cause of disability and mortality throughout the world. Since pre-hospital care is the first line of trauma care, thus, proper and desirable care can reduce traumatic injuries. The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the clinical skills of emergency medical technicians (EMTs) in Jahrom city in the care of trauma patient.   Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, a total of 40 EMTs were selected randomly. The data collection tools were demographic questionnaire and clinical skill checklist containing 9 skills. The validity and reliability of the checklist, were confirmed by Shakeri et al. Data were collected by observing the skills of the EMTs and completing the clinical skills checklist. Data were analyzed using statistical independent t, ANOVA, and regression analysis tests at a significant level of p<0.05.   Results: In this study, 62.50% of EMTs had good clinical skills in trauma care, but obtained poor score in both skills of using traction splint and endotracheal intubation. There was also a significant relationship between variables of age, educational level, EMS station, and number of missions per 24-hour shift and clinical skills in the field of trauma (p<0.05).   Conclusion: The results of this study showed that EMTs of Jahrom city had good clinical skills in caring for trauma patients, but due to the significant difference between the obtained scores and the ideal level, further training in this field seems to be still necessary

مراقبت مذهبی روحانی بر بالین بیماران و تأثیر آن بر افسردگی و اضطراب بیمارستانی

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v4i3.15911Background and Objective: The fear of surgery, death, and the debilitating symptoms of the illness make hospitalized patients develop anxiety and depression that may disrupt their performance. Religious care aimed at addressing the religious needs of hospitalized patients can have a significant role in increasing the hospitalized patients’ ability to cope with their illness. Therefore, the researchers aimed to set up a religious-based plan and perform it by the presence of a clergy next to the patients’ bedside and determine its effectiveness on decreasing anxiety and depression of hospitalized patients. Method: In this randomized controlled clinical trial with control group, 142 hospitalized patients were chosen in the form of random&nbsp;sampling in Nekoui hospital of Qom. They were divided into a test and a control group. Then, the demographic questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale were completed by them. The religious-based plan by the presence of a clergy next to the patients’ bedside was performed in the test group. The two groups were followed after the intervention. All ethical issues were observed in this study and the researchers declared no conflict of interests. Results: In terms of overall score of hospital anxiety and depression, the results of ANCOVA showed a statistically meaningful difference between the two groups after the intervention (F=35.75, P&lt;0.001). Also, the results of paired-samples t-test showed a significant decline in the anxiety and depression of hospitalized patients in the intervention group (P= 0.001). In contrast, no measurable difference was observed in the anxiety and depression scores of patients in the control group (P= 0.10, P= 0.48). Conclusion: The presence of special medical teams like responsible clergies who are familiar with health issues and the provision of religious care can decrease patients’ anxiety and depression. Such a religious intervention also has a significant role in boosting patients’ morale and reducing their woes. &nbsp; Please cite this article as: ShojaeiS, AbbasiM, RahimiT, Vahedian M, FarhadlooR, Movahed E, Parvaresh-MasoudM. The Effect of Religious Care by the Clergyman next to the Patients’ Bedside on their Depression and Anxiety. J Res Relig Health. 2018; 4(3):45-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v4i3.15911سابقه و هدف: بیماران بستری به علت ترس از عمل جراحی یا علائم ناتوان‌کننده‌ی بیماری و مرگ دچار اضطراب و افسردگی می‌شوند که می‌تواند عملکرد آنها را مختل کند. مراقبت مذهبی روحانيون با هدف برآوردن نیازهای مذهبی بیماران مي‌تواند موجب افزایش توانایی آنان برای مقابله با بیماری شود. ازاین‌رو، پژوهشگران بر آن شدند برنامه‌ی مراقبت مذهبیی تدوین کنند که فرد روحانی آن را بر بالین بیمار اجرا کند، تا اثربخشی برنامه را در افسردگی و اضطراب بیماران بستری ارزیابی کنند. روش کار: در این مطالعه‌ی کارآزمایی بالینی با گروه کنترل، 142 بیمار بستری در بیمارستان نکویی شهر قم به‌صورت نمونه‌گيري تصادفي انتخاب شدند و در دو گروه آزمون و كنترل قرار گرفتند و پرسش‌نامه‌هاي مربوط به اطلاعات جمعیت‌شناختی و سطح افسردگی و اضطراب بیمارستانی را تكميل کردند. پس از آن روحانی همکار برنامه‌ی مراقبت مذهبی را بر بالین بیماران گروه آزمون اجرا کرد و دو گروه پس از مداخله پيگيري شدند. در این پژوهش همه‌ی موارد اخلاقی رعایت شده است. علاوه‌ بر این، نویسندگان مقاله هیچ‌گونه تضاد منافعی گزارش نکرده‌اند. یافته‌ها: آزمون آنکووا نشان داد که مداخله‌ی صورت گرفته مؤثر بود و دو گروه بعد از مداخله از نظر نمره‌ی کلی اضطراب و افسردگی بیمارستانی و حیطه‌های آن (اضطراب - افسردگی) (001/0p&lt; و 75/35F=)، با هم تفاوت آماری معنی‌داری داشتند. آزمون تی زوجی نیز نشان داد که در گروه مداخله اضطراب و افسردگی بیمارستانی بعد از مداخله به‌‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش پیدا کرده بود (001/0p=)؛ درحالی‌که در گروه کنترل، تفاوت معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد (10/0P= و 48/0P=). نتیجه‌گیری: حضور افرادی نظیر روحانی متعهد و آشنا به مسائل درمانی در کنار افراد دیگر؛ و دادن مراقبت مذهبی می‌تواند موجب کاهش اضطراب و افسردگی بیماران شود و نقش بسزایی در کاهش آلام و تقویت روحیه‌ی بیماران و بهبودی‌ آنان داشته باشد. &nbsp; استناد مقاله به این صورت است: ShojaeiS, AbbasiM, RahimiT, Vahedian M, FarhadlooR, Movahed E, Parvaresh-MasoudM. The Effect of Religious Care by the Clergyman next to the Patients’ Bedside on their Depression and Anxiety. J Res Relig Health. 2018; 4(3):45-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v4i3.15911 &nbsp

A Comparison between the Effects of Scenario and Lecture-based Education Methods on Knowledge and Attitude of Emergency Medical Technicians towards Patients with Chest Trauma

Background and Objectives: Education is one of the fundamental pillars of development of capabilities, skills, and competencies in different sectors of society. Application of modern education methods seems to be necessary due to rapid changes of social requirements. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of scenario and lecture-based education methods on knowledge and attitude of emergency medical technicians towards patients with chest trauma. Methods: A total of 160 emergency medical technicians were participated in this quasi-experimental research. The participants were divided into two groups of scenario- and lecture-based education. Required information were collected by knowledge and attitude questionnaire before and after the intervention. Data were then analyzed by paired t- and chi-square tests. Results: The mean of knowledge (p<0/001) and attitude (p<0.001) scores significantly increased in the scenario-based education group. Conclusion: Considering the effect of scenario-based education and its role in utilization of learner&rsquo;s intellectual capability and creativity, it seems that scenario-based education is an appropriate alternative for traditional education methods

Evaluation of Bacterial Contamination on Pre Hospital Ambulances in Qom University of Medical Sciences of Iran in 2015

Abstract Background & Aims of the Study: When the issue of the quality of the patient's care is addressed, determination of infection degrees in reference to the quality of such cares has gained a high priority. Therefore, infections in ambulance equipment might play a significant role in reduction of the quality of the hospital cares. This study was conducted wishing to determine bacterial infection degrees in ambulances servicing in pre-hospital emergency medical services of Qom University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, 132 sampling of the equipments of 12 ambulances were done. Samples were stored on BHI broth as an amplifier for 24 hours. Then, they were introduced to blood agar and Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar culture environments. After 24 hours, negative staphylococcus coagulase and bacillus were specified by different environments, solutions, diagnostic discs, gram staining, catalase test, oxidase test and coagulase test. Then data were analyzed by SPSS16. Results: The results showed that the highest infection prevalence rate was observed in stretchers (12 samples, 100%) and the lowest in oxygenation moisturizers (1 sample, 8.4%). From infected equipments, in addition, four instruments (37%) were mobile and eight of them (63%) were immobile. Conclusion: Results indicated that an infection degree of the utensils and instruments which were used in ambulances employed servicing in the Qom Province Medical Emergency Response Center of Iran is high, that might have their roots in non-application of disinfectants for disinfecting ambulance surfaces and equipment. This is a mandatory for healthcare agents to utilize the protective covers, especially medical gloves

A Comparison of Insertion and Success Rate in the Use of Two Methods of Endotracheal Intubation and Laryngeal Mask Airway

Background and Objectives: Providing and making airway is the first known measure that comes to mind at an emergency situation. Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is an alternative for airway management, which its insertion training in beginners and professionals is easier than endotracheal intubation. This study was conducted to compare the speed of insertion and success rate in using two LMA and ETT methods in nursing students. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 49 last year nursing students were selected by simple random sampling method. After airway management training course, the students were tested on endotracheal intubation and LMA insertion in a manikin. Data were analyzed using t-test at the p<0.05 significance level. Results: The time for endotracheal intubation was obtained 28.73 s and for LMA was 5.05 s. Also, gender of the students had no significant relationship with airway management (p=0.45). Ninety-eight percent of the student succeeded to insert LMA with no error, but this rate for ETT was just 28%. Conclusion: Given that shorter time, lower error, and ease of insertion of LMA in comparison with the ETT method, use of this method is recommended as an appropriate alternative for endotracheal intubation, especially in emergency situation