OPTIMIZACIJA BLOK-MODELA I PROCJENA REZERVI RUDNIKA ANGOURAN POMOĆU PREBACIVANJA ISTRAŽIVAČKIH PODATAKA IZ LOKALNOGA U UTM KOORDINATNI SUSTAV

Resource estimation is one of the most important steps in the mining process. Precise resource estimation has a significant influence on the optimization of subsequent mining steps, i.e. mine planning and scheduling. The previous resource estimation in the Angouran Mine was conducted based on the provided information in the local coordinate system which causes considerable errors in estimations. Therefore, an attempt is made in this research to optimize the block model of the Angouran Mine and resource estimation based on the information in the UTM global coordinate system. For this purpose, exploratory data is firstly transferred from the local coordinate system to the UTM environment. Then, block model optimization is conducted using indicator kriging (IK) in which the waste blocks are removed and the block model was optimized. Finally, resource estimation is performed using the inverse distance weighting (IDW) and simple kriging (SK) methods. After variogram analyses in different directions, it was found that the mine deposit is anisotropic. Also, validation results showed that the acquired correlation coefficient in the carbonate and sulfide sections for IDW, SK and IK is 0.86, 0.87 and 0.92, and 0.88, 0.87 and 0.92, respectively. Finally, the obtained grades and tonnages are compared with the actual data of the exploratory boreholes, mined blocks and previous resource estimation in the mine. Comparative results showed that the obtained grades and tonnages from both previous and new models are over-estimated and higher than the actual values. The minimum errors of grade estimation equal 46% and 23.1% for previous and new resource estimations (before and after the waste removal), respectively. Also, the mining errors of tonnage estimation are 50.29% and 28.37% for previous and new models, respectively. This field comparison proved that transferring the exploratory data to the UTM system, utilization of the IK to remove the waste blocks and applying the SK for resource estimation lead to the optimization of the block model and a reduction in the estimation error compared to the previous estimations for the mine.Procjena rezervi jedan je od najvažnijih koraka u rudarstvu. Precizna procjena rezervi ima znatan utjecaj na optimizaciju budućih rudarskih zahvata, odnosno na planiranje i razradu rudnika. Procjena rezervi u rudniku Angouran načinjena je uporabom lokalnoga koordinatnog sustava za koji je ocijenjeno kako je prouzročio znatne pogreške. Zbog toga je ovim istraživanjem prikazana optimizacija blok-modela rudnika te izračun rezervi u UTM (univerzalna transverzalna Mercatorova projekcija) globalnome koordinatnom sustavu. Istraživački podatci najprije su prebačeni iz lokalnoga u UTM koordinatni sustav. Zatim je načinjena optimizacija blok-modela pomoću indikatorskoga krigiranja (IK) kojim su ocrtani uklonjivi jalovinski blokovi i tako optimiziran blok-model. Konačno, procjena rezervi provodi se metodom inverzne udaljenosti (IU) i jednostavnoga krigiranja (JK). Variogramskom analizom u različitim smjerovima utvrđena je anizotropija rudnoga ležišta. Također, rezultati validacije pokazali su kako koeficijent korelacije za IU, JK i IK prosječno iznosi 0,86, 0,87 i 0,92 za karbonatne, odnosno 0,88, 0,87 i 0,92 za sulfidne dijelove ležišta. Na kraju su procijenjeni sadržaj i količine rude uspoređene sa stvarnim podatcima iz istraživačkih bušotina, odminiranih blokova i prethodne procjene rezervi u rudniku. Usporedba je pokazala kako su sadržaj i količine rude iz prethodnoga, ali i novoga modela precijenjene, odnosno više od stvarnih vrijednosti. Međutim, minimalne pogreške u procjeni sadržaja rude iznose 46 % za prethodno utvrđene rezerve, no znatno manjih 23,1 % kod novoga izračuna (prije i nakon uklanjanja jalovine). Također, istovrsne pogreške procjene za količinu iznose 50,29 % za prethodni, odnosno 28,37 % za novi model. Terenska usporedba dokazala je kako prebacivanje istraživačkih podataka u UTM sustav, korištenje IK-a za uklanjanje jalovinskih blokova i primjena JK-a za procjenu rezervi dovode do optimizacije blok-modela i smanjenja pogreške izračuna rezervi u rudniku

The Impact of Teachers’ Reflectivity and Gender on Their Intellectual Excitement and Interpersonal Teaching Style

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of teachers’ reflectivity and gender on their use of intellectual excitement and interpersonal rapport teaching styles. Fifty EFL teachers (25 male and 25 female) in various English Language Institutes in Shiraz, Fars province, Iran were selected through availability sampling. The participants were all from the 23-42 age group. Their degree level ranged from BA to MA in TEFL (30 teachers), English Literature (10 teachers) and Linguistics (10 teachers). The teachers’ teaching experience ranged between 5 and 10 years. They were given the teacher reflectivity questionnaire introduced by Akbari, Behzadpour and Dadvand (2010) and Lowman’s (1995) Two Dimensional Teaching style scale. To analyze the data, use was made of inferential statistics including correlation, independent sample T-test and Two-way ANOVA. The results indicated that there was a significant relationship between teachers’ reflectivity and teaching style. Gender was shown to have no effect on teacher’s reflectivity. Gender was of course observed to be a contributing factor in teaching style, and finally teachers’ reflectivity and gender did not reveal any impact on teaching style

The Impact of Teachers’ Reflectivity and Gender on Their Intellectual Excitement and Interpersonal Teaching Style

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of teachers’ reflectivity and gender on their use of intellectual excitement and interpersonal rapport teaching styles. Fifty EFL teachers (25 male and 25 female) in various English Language Institutes in Shiraz, Fars province, Iran were selected through availability sampling. The participants were all from the 23-42 age group. Their degree level ranged from BA to MA in TEFL (30 teachers), English Literature (10 teachers) and Linguistics (10 teachers). The teachers’ teaching experience ranged between 5 and 10 years. They were given the teacher reflectivity questionnaire introduced by Akbari, Behzadpour and Dadvand (2010) and Lowman’s (1995) Two Dimensional Teaching style scale. To analyze the data, use was made of inferential statistics including correlation, independent sample T-test and Two-way ANOVA. The results indicated that there was a significant relationship between teachers’ reflectivity and teaching style. Gender was shown to have no effect on teacher’s reflectivity. Gender was of course observed to be a contributing factor in teaching style, and finally teachers’ reflectivity and gender did not reveal any impact on teaching style

Seasonal variation of aflatoxin M 1 contamination in industrial and traditional Iranian dairy products

This study aimed to determine the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) contamination in 682 dairy product samples consisting of raw milk of cow, goat and sheep; Lighvan cheese; and industrial and traditional yoghurt, Kashk and Doogh samples collected from popular markets and dairy ranches in four large Iranian cities. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) technique was used for analysis of the samples. Results showed that the incidence and levels of AFM1 contamination in raw cow milk and industrial products (manufactured from cow milk) were higher than raw goat or sheep milk, and traditional products (made from goat and sheep milk), respectively. Moreover, seasonal variations influenced the concentration of AFM1 in most of the analyzed dairy products. Owing to the abundance and popularity of the industrial products, contamination of these products in such a level could be a potential hazard for public health

Spatial Variation of Surface Residual Stress in Metallic Materials

Shot peening is commonly used to reduce fatigue failures in industrial parts by introducing compressive residual stress into the surface of a material. However, it is challenging to assess the performance of the parts without destroying them. Solving this problem requires a combined model that predicts both recrystallization and residual stress using experimental measurements and predictive computational modelling. Experiments were performed to prove that the surface properties of materials after thermal treatments can be accessed, and the spatial variation of residual stress in metallic materials, including the relationship between surface and subsurface behavior can be evaluated. This process involves investigating the surface residual stress profile using a spatially sensitive X-ray diffraction technique, followed by other procedures such as cutting and investigation of microstructure and subsurface residual stress. With a model like this, the performance of industrial parts can be assessed in a non-destructive way. It is crucial that the parts can still serve the original purpose after being tested

Improvement in patient–reported outcomes after group poetry therapy of women with breast cancer

Background: One of the best ways of achieving the patients’ views and expectations about the effects of a therapeutic or palliative intervention on their quality of life is using PatientReported Outcome Measures (PROMs). Poetry therapy as a psychotherapy intervention has been used for palliation of stressful conditions of several chronic diseases and disabilities. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of group poetry therapy on the quality of life measures in women with breast cancer.Methods: A total of 30 women with breast cancer, undergoing chemotherapy at a referral center in the north of Iran, participated in the current quasi-experimental before-after study conducted in 2016. The study protocol included eight weekly sessions of group poetry therapy using poems from the great Persian poets. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30) was completed by the patients before beginning group poetry therapy and, twice more, one week and two months after the last session. Items of the questionnaire were manually scored and then analyzed using appropriate statistical tests in IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.Results: A total of 28 patients participated in all the group poetry therapy sessions and completed the questionnaire. The mean and standard deviation of age were 45±66. The changes in the score of quality of life from 51.8 to 65.5 and 69 were observed to be significant in the one-week and two-month follow ups (both with P=0.002). Also, changes in symptom score from 34.5 to 23.7 (P=0.01) and functional score from 65.6 to 77.2 (P=0.01) in the two-month follow up were found to be statistically significant.Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that group poetry therapy, as a psychotherapy approach, can be used to improve quality of life in breast cancer patients

Criminal legislation in the context of urisprudential disputes

Legislation based on Imami jurisprudence has led to the richness and independence of our rights in decades of legislation. There has always been a debate about what criteria should be used to legislate according to jurisprudence And typically the focus has been on who or what is being followed And it is enough to provide general criteria and in practice there is no decisive criterion for this issue. This article discusses only the criminal law and the specific conditions and requirements of the law in this regard Because it is not possible to provide a standard for legislation on all laws with specific conditions and characteristics of each of them Because the law in each case can be very different from the law in other area And you have to think about each case according to its specific requirements And refrained from generalizations and providing a standard for all cases. This article seeks to provide an appropriate solution in the field of criminal law And prevented the entry of personal opinions and ideas into the field of legislation And as far as possible our criminal law Closer to the world criminal law without distancing itself from its originality

Differential Responses of Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae) to Skin Emanations of a Man, a Cow, and a Guinea Pig in the Olfactometer

Background: Biting habit of mosquitoes plays an important role in the epidemiology of mosquito-borne diseases. Mosquitoes use a set of elaborate sensory modalities to find their preferred hosts by exploiting cues emanating from a nearby host. It has been suggested that the chemical profile of skin can provide further support for anthropophilic mosquito species to find their suitable hosts. This study aimed at revealing the value of skin emanation for a zoophilic species like Anopheles stephensi as a model. Methods: Skin emanations of a man, a cow and a Guinea pig were collected by ethanol soaked cottons. Upwind responses of mosquitoes to 100 and 200 mu l of filtered skin materials were non-competitively explored in a dual-choice olfactometer. L-lactic acid and other chemical content of the skin samples were identified by an enzymatic kit and GC-MS, respectively. Results: Unexpectedly, only human skin emanation was resulted in the statistically significant activation and attraction responses of An. stephensi in the wind tunnel. L-lactic acid content of this skin sample was 10 and 29 times more than the cow and the Guinea pig, respectively. The possible role of lactic acid and a few other identified compounds have been discussed here. Conclusion: Anopheles stephensi showed higher and more specific upwind responses to human skin emanation in the olfactometer. Undoubtedly, the thorough explanation of this unexpected finding needs further investigation. But, if new data verify this result, then, it may be necessary to reconsider the role of skin emanation and thence the human blood index and vectorial capacity of this zoophilic mosquito