Signature quasinormal modes of Ellis-Bronnikov wormhole embedded in warped braneworld background

We examine the quasi normal modes of Ellis-Bronnikov wormholes embedded in a warped five dimensional braneworld background and compare with it's four dimensional counterpart. These scalar quasi normal frequencies are obtained using the WKB formula, Prony method and the direct integration method. The signature of the warped extra dimension shows up as two distinct quasi normal ringing era, characterised by two distinct dominant quasi normal modes. Features of the latter region are similar to that observed earlier for massive scalar field in black hole background. We also discuss the how steepness of the neck of the wormhole effects the quasi normal frequencies.Comment: 19+6 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables; comments are welcom

Shared Autonomous Mobility Services Show Promise for Increasing Access to Employment in Southern California

Workers in Southern California currently face transportationrelated challenges accessing employment opportunities, including but not limited to high parking costs and/or limited parking availability in dense employment and residential areas; long commute distances between residential areas and employment opportunities; and poor transit service quality in many areas. These challenges are particularly burdensome for low-income households that may not have access to a personal vehicle and/or live in jobpoor neighborhoods, as having a personal vehicle may be the only viable way to get to work

Assessment of the Employment Accessibility Benefits of Shared Autonomous Mobility Services

The goal of this study is to assess and quantify the potential employment accessibility benefits of Shared Autonomous Mobility Service (SAMS) commute modes across a large diverse metropolitan region considering heterogeneity in the working population. To meet this goal, this study employs a welfare-based (i.e. logsum-based) measure of accessibility, obtained via estimating a hierarchical work destination-commute mode choice model. The employment accessibility logsum measure incorporates the spatial distribution of worker residences and employment opportunities, the attributes of the available commute modes, and the characteristics of individual workers. This research further captures heterogeneity of workers using latent class analysis (LCA). The LCA model inputs include the socio-demographic characteristics of workers to subsequently account for different worker clusters valuing different types of employment opportunities differently. The accessibility analysis results indicate: (i) the accessibility benefit differences across latent classes are modest but young workers and low-income workers do see higher benefits than high- and middle-income workers; (ii) there are substantial spatial differences in accessibility benefits with workers living in lower density areas benefiting more than workers living in high-density areas; (iii) nearly all the accessibility benefits come from the SAMS-only mode as opposed to the SAMS+Transit mode; and (iv) the SAMS cost per mile assumption significantly impacts the magnitude of the overall employment accessibility benefits

DNA replication during intra-erythrocytic stages of human malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum

Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of the most virulent form of human malaria, has deservingly held the candidature of being one of the most studied human pathogens. Here we attempt an overview of the studies probing one of the important aspects of DNA metabolism, that is, DNA replication in this parasite, focusing on the relatively well-characterized core components of chromosomal DNA replication in the asexual intra-erythrocytic stage

Thermo-hydraulic performance enhancement of a solar air heater using rotating cylindrical turbulators

A novel concept of rotating cylindrical ribs as artificial roughness in a solar air heater to enhance its thermo-hydraulic performance factor has been investigated using 3D computational fluid dynamics. The rotational speed is varied from 2000 RPM to 10,000 RPM on the static ribs optimised for height (e), diameter (d), longitudinal pitch (P), and transverse pitch (S) at Reynolds number (Re) ranging from 5000 to 24000. The optimised static ribs configuration having e = 3.5 mm, d = 3 mm, S = 20 mm, and P/e = 10 is experimentally validated to establish the accuracy of rotating ribs performance computed using computational fluid dynamics. The maximum thermo-hydraulic performance factor of 1.89 is achieved—32 % higher than the best performance for static ribs—using rotational ribs for the rotational speed of 10,000 RPM at Re = 5000. A comparison between parallel and perpendicular orientations of rotating ribs with respect to the absorber plate establishes that perpendicular ribs configuration is highly desirable to reduce the pressure drop penalty, in turn, enhancing the thermo-hydraulic performance. The performances of the proposed perpendicularly oriented rotating cylindrical ribs are also compared with the performances reported in the literature for static ribs of different shapes having the same orientation with respect to absorber plate and it is observed that rotational ribs outperforms all the other static ribs

Thermo-hydraulic performance enhancement of a solar air heater using rotating cylindrical turbulators

A novel concept of rotating cylindrical ribs as artificial roughness in a solar air heater to enhance its thermo-hydraulic performance factor has been investigated using 3D computational fluid dynamics. The rotational speed is varied from 2000 RPM to 10,000 RPM on the static ribs optimised for height (e), diameter (d), longitudinal pitch (P), and transverse pitch (S) at Reynolds number (Re) ranging from 5000 to 24000. The optimised static ribs configuration having e = 3.5 mm, d = 3 mm, S = 20 mm, and P/e = 10 is experimentally validated to establish the accuracy of rotating ribs performance computed using computational fluid dynamics. The maximum thermo-hydraulic performance factor of 1.89 is achieved—32 % higher than the best performance for static ribs—using rotational ribs for the rotational speed of 10,000 RPM at Re = 5000. A comparison between parallel and perpendicular orientations of rotating ribs with respect to the absorber plate establishes that perpendicular ribs configuration is highly desirable to reduce the pressure drop penalty, in turn, enhancing the thermo-hydraulic performance. The performances of the proposed perpendicularly oriented rotating cylindrical ribs are also compared with the performances reported in the literature for static ribs of different shapes having the same orientation with respect to absorber plate and it is observed that rotational ribs outperforms all the other static ribs

Cadmium induces lung inflammation independent of lung cell proliferation: a molecular approach

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cadmium is one of the inflammation-related xenobiotics and has been regarded as a potent carcinogen. The relationship between inflammation and cell proliferation due to chronic infection has been studied, but the mechanism is not fully clear. Though the mode of cadmium toxicity is well characterized in animal cells, still it requires some further investigations. Previously we reported that cadmium induces immune cell death in Swiss albino mice. In the present study we showed that instead of inducing cell death mechanism, cadmium in low concentration triggers proliferation in mice lung cell and our results reveals that prior to the induction of proliferation it causes severe inflammation.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Swiss albino mice were treated with different concentrations of cadmium to determine the LD50. Mice were subdivided (5 mice each) according to the exposure period (15, 30, 45, 60 days) and were given sub lethal dose (5 mg/Kg body weight) of cadmium chloride and ibuprofen (50 mg/Kg body weight, recommended dose) once in a week. SEM and histology were performed as evidence of changes in cellular morphology. Inflammation was measured by the expression of Cox-2 and MMPs. Expression of proinflammatory cytokines (Cox-2, IL-6), signaling and cell cycle regulatory molecules (STAT3, Akt, CyclinD1) were measured by western blot, ELISA and immunoprecipitation. Mutagenecity was evidenced by comet assay. Cell proliferation was determined by cell count, cell cycle and DNA analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Prolonged exposure of low concentration of cadmium resulted in up regulation of proinflammatory cytokines and cell cycle regulatory molecules. Though NSAIDs like Ibuprofen reduces the expression of inflammatory cytokines, but it did not show any inhibitory effect on cadmium adopted lung cell proliferation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results prove that cadmium causes both inflammation and cell proliferation when applied in a low dose but proliferative changes occur independent of inflammation.</p